1、单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,系列丛书,进入导航,高三总复习,人教版,英语(湖北专用),系列丛书,进入导航,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,高三总复习,人教版,英语(湖北专用),*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第1页,必备知识梳理,方法规律技巧,课 时 作 业,第2页,第3页,Can/Could I come in?,我能够进来吗?,Can he be in the office?,他会在办公室吗?,第4页,2,may与might使用方法,表示许可或咨询对方许可,有,“,能够,”,意思。用作此意时,它否定形式能够用may not,表
2、示,“,能够不,”,;但表示,“,不能够、禁止、阻止,”,等时惯用must not(mustnt)代替may not。如:,May I watch TV after supper?,我晚饭后能够看电视吗?,Yes,you may.,/No,you mustnt(may not/,had better not),是,能够/不,你不能够。,第5页,表示可能性,有“或许、可能”意思,“may或might动词原形”都可以表示可能性。用might则语气更加不愿定。如:,They may/might have a lot of work to do.,他们或许有许多工作要做。,第6页,3,must与hav
3、e to使用方法,must表示,“,必须、应该,”,。否定形式must not(mustnt)表示,“,不应该、不许可、不准、禁止,”,等。在回答must问句时,否定式惯用need not(neednt)或dont have to表示,“,无须,”,,而不用must not,因为must not表示,“,禁止,”,。must表示,“,一定、必定,”,等推测意义时,普通只用在必定句中。如:,The work must be finished as soon as possible.,这项工作必须尽快完工。,第7页,Must I be home before eight oclock?,我必须8点
4、前到家吗?,Yes,you must./No,you neednt(dont have to),是,你必须/不,没必要。,have to表示,“,必须、不得不,”,,在这个意义上与must很靠近,但must表示是说话人主观看法,而have to表示却是客观需要。have to比must有更多形式。如:,The TV set is broken.I have to buy a new one.,电视机坏了。我不得不再买台新。,第8页,The students will have to know how to use the computers.,学生将必须了解怎样使用电脑。,He had to
5、go,because his mother was ill.,他不得不离开,因为他母亲病了。,第9页,4.shall,与,should使用方法,在疑问句中,shall用来咨询对方意见或请求指示,用于第一、三人称。在陈说句中,shall表示给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁等,用于第二、三人称。should作为情态动词,表示,“,劝说、提议,”,,意为,“,应该,”,。如:,Where shall I wait for you?,我在什么地方等您?,You should keep your promise.,你应该信守诺言。,第10页,5,will与would使用方法,will表示,“,意志、意愿,”
6、,,可用于各种人称,在疑问句中用于第二人称时,表示问询对方意愿或向对方提出请求。would是will过去式,表示过去时间,“,意志、意愿,”,,可用于各种人称。若表示说话人意愿或向对方提出请求,语气比will婉转,指现在时间。如:,I will tell you all about it.,我愿意把事情全部都告诉你。,第11页,He wont go with us.,他不愿意和我们一起去。,Would you like some coffee?,想关键点咖啡吗?,第12页,6,need使用方法,用作情态动词时,need表示,“,需要,”,,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,普通不用于必定句。
7、如:,You neednt come so early.,你无须来这么早。,第13页,7,dare使用方法,dare用作情态动词时表示,“,敢,勇于,”,,和need一样,也是主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中。如:,He darent speak English before such a crowd,dare he?,他在众人面前不敢说英语,是吧?,第14页,8,ought to使用方法,ought to表示,“,应该,”,(与should同义,只是语气稍重一些),也可表示推测。如:,You are his father.You ought to take care of him.,你是他
8、父亲。你应该照料他。,He ought to be home by now.,他现在应该到家了。,第15页,9,used to使用方法,表示过去习惯动作或状态(暗含现在已不如此)。如:,Did you use to go there to see your brother?/Used you to go there to see your brother?,你过去常去那儿看你弟兄吗?,Yes,I did(used to)/No,I didnt(usednt),是,经常去/不,不经常去。,第16页,10,had better使用方法,表示,“,最好(做,),”,。如:,We had better
9、 go now.,我们最好现在走。,第17页,二、虚拟语气关键点归纳,1虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中利用,(1)时态及其组成,if条件从句,从句谓语形式,主句谓语形式,表示现在情况,动词过去式(be,过去式用were),should/would/could/might动词原形,表示过去情况,had过去分词,should/would/could/mighthave过去分词,第18页,if条件从句,从句谓语形式,主句谓语形式,表示未来情况,should动词原形,should,/would/,could/might动词原形,动词过去式,were to动词原形,第19页,(2)表示与现在事实完全相反假设,用
10、以表示与现在事实相反假设或现在实现可能性不大情况。条件从句用动词过去式(be用were),主句用,“,would,/should/,could/might动词原形,”,。如:,If I were a bird,I could fly.,假如我是一只鸟儿话,我就能飞了。,第20页,(3)表示与过去事实完全相反假设,条件从句用,“,had过去分词,”,,主句用,“,would,/should/,could/mighthave过去分词,”,。如:,If we had started earlier,we would not have missed the train.,假如我们早点出发,就不会错过这
11、列火车了。,第21页,(4)表示与未来情形相反假设或极少有可能实现情况,条件从句用动词过去式或should动词原形或were to动词原形,主句动词用would,/should/,could/might动词原形。如:,If Professor Li should have time tomorrow,we could ask him questions.,假如李教授明天有时间话,我们就能够问他问题了。,第22页,书面语中,上述三种时态虚拟句子中,假如从句里含有should,had,were时,则可将隶属连词if省去,将这三个词放在句首形成部分倒装。如:,Were he in your posi
12、tion,hed have done the same.,假如他在你位置上,他也会那么做。,第23页,2,错综时间虚拟句,通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句谓语动词所指时间是一致,但有时也可能指不一样时间,这时要依据上下文意思采取不一样谓语动词形式。如:,If I were you,I would have taken his advice.(从句指现在,主句指过去),假如我是你话,我就接纳他提议。,If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning,I would not be wet now.(从句指过去,主句指现在),假如今天早上带上雨衣话
13、,我现在就不会淋湿了。,第24页,3,含蓄条件句,有时假设情况并不以条件从句表示,而是由otherwise,but,or,without,but for等来引导。,But for your advice,I could not have done it so successfully.,要是没有你提议,我就不会那么成功。,The change could not have taken place without the opendoor policy.,要是没有开放政策,就没有这些改变。,第25页,I was so busy then,otherwise,I would have gone t
14、o help him.,那时我太忙了,不然我就去帮他了。,He felt very tired yesterday,or he would have helped you.,他昨天很累,不然他会帮助你们。,易错提醒:,otherwise和or暗含虚拟语气中,前一部分是陈说语气,后一部分是虚拟语气。but暗含虚拟句中,前一部分是虚拟语气,后一部分是陈说语气。,第26页,4.,虚拟语气在一些从句中应用,(1)在suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,require,insist,desire,urge,recommend等动词宾语从句以及would
15、 rather后,要用,“,(should)动词原形,”,来表示愿望、提议、命令、要求等;由上述动词派生或转化名词同位语从句或表语从句中也要用对应虚拟形式。像suggestion,proposal,plan,recommendation,demand,order,desire,request,requirement,insistence,advice,decision等词。,第27页,Her suggestion is that we should give up the plan.,她提议我们应该放弃这项计划。,第28页,(2)在,“,It is,/was一些形容词/,过去分词that从句,
16、”,句型中,that从句中谓语动词惯用虚拟语气,即,“,should动词原形,”,,表示,“,惊奇、遗憾、怀疑、不满,”,等。这些形容词有important,necessary,essential,natural,strange,advisable,desirable,possible,probable,astonishing,surprising,过去分词有desired,suggested,requested,recommended,ordered,proposed,decided,moved等。,It is strange that she shouldnt have been invi
17、ted.,她竟然没有被邀请,真是奇怪。,第29页,(3)在由for fear that,in case等引导状语从句中,用,“,should动词原形,”,表示,“,唯恐,”,。如:,He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should be damaged.,他小心地拿着仪器,唯恐把它摔碎了。,(4)在,“,It is(about/high)timethat(从句),”,中,谓语动词惯用过去式表示虚拟语气。如:,It is high time that people learnt English.,到了人们该学英语时候了。,第3
18、0页,(5)在,“,as if/as though,”,引导状语从句中,谓语动词与wish宾语从句虚拟形式相同。如:与现在情况相反,从句用过去式;与过去情况相反,从句用had过去分词;与未来情况相反,从句用would/,could动词原形。,He works with such enthusiasm as if he never knew fatigue.,他这么地热情工作,好像从来不知道疲惫似。,He speaks English as though he were an American.,他说英语好像他是美国人一样。,第31页,She talked about it again and
19、again as if she would never end.,她重复谈论那件事,好像永远也谈不完样子。,第32页,(6)在look,seem等动词后,“,as if/as though,”,从句中,当表示真实情况时,用陈说语气;不然用虚拟语气。如:,It seems as if they know each other.(真实情况),他们好像彼此认识。,It seems as though it were already spring.(虚拟语气),好像已经是春天了。,第33页,(7)用在if only引发感叹句中,使用方法同wish宾语从句虚拟形式。如:,If only the driv
20、er didnt drive so fast!,司机要是没开那么快就好了!,第34页,第35页,比如:,(,浙江温州八校期末),I_thank you enough for what you have done for me.,Youre welcome.,Acan not Bwill not,Cmust not Dmay not,第36页,解析,句意:,你为我做一切我不论怎么感激都不为过。,不用谢。will not,“,不愿意,”,;must not,“,禁止,”,;may not,“,或许不,”,。can not.enough表示,“,再,也不为过,”,。故A项正确。,答案,A,第37页,
21、(,江苏南通一模),Are you going to find a job back in your hometown?,Well,I havent decided yet.I _find some other choices.,Awould Bmust,Cshould Dmight,解析,句意:,你打算回故乡找工作吗?,哦,我还没决定呢。或许有其它选择。所以选might,和前面信息I havent decided yet一致,表示不确定。,答案,D,第38页,第39页,比如:,(,福建师大附中期中),The terrible accident is under investigation.,
22、Actually,quicker action_those workers trapped in the mine.,Amight have saved Bcould have saved,Cshould have saved Dmust have saved,第40页,解析,might have done意为,“,可能做过某事,”,;could have done意为,“,可能做过某事;本能够做某事,”,;should have done意为,“,本该做某事,”,;must have done意为,“,一定做过某事,”,。依据语境判断应选B项,表示,“,快速行动本能够挽救困在矿井下那些工人,
23、”,。,答案,B,第41页,第42页,比如:,(,山东潍坊质量抽样)The order came that the medical supplies_to Beijing for the H1N1 flu soon.,Awould be sent Bshould send,Cbe sent Dmust be sent,解析,当表示愿望、请求、提议、命令等意义动词(如order,suggest,command等)后面接从句时,从句用虚拟语气,从句谓语用shoulddo,should能够省略。order后同位语从句用虚拟语气,故选C项。,答案,C,第43页,4,分析虚拟条件句,掌握虚拟语气在条件句
24、中使用方法,虚拟条件句表现形式非常灵活,有时省略连词if,把从句中were,had或should提前;有时用without,but for等介词短语来表示。有时候条件状语从句中动作和主句中动作发生时间不一致,这时动词形式要依据它所表示时间加以调整。比如:,(,黑龙江哈师大附中期末)_for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be developing so fast as it is.,第44页,AHad it not been BWere it not,CWas it not DShould it not be,解析,句意:要不是有公众及时投资,我们企业是不会像现在这么发展那么快。从句谓语动词与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反,这是错综时间条件句,从句省略if,要把had提前。,答案,A,第45页,温,示,提,馨,请做:课时作业(,49,),课时作业,堂堂清,(点击进入),第46页,