Grammar知识树.doc

现在进行时
一、现在进行时的概念
二、现在进行时肯定句和否定句的构成
三、动词ing形式的构成
四、现在进行时一般疑问句的构成及回答
五、语法补充
一、现在进行时的概念：
1.表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。
2.表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的动作。
Look! He is reading in bed. (说话时正在进行）
We are working hard this term. (现阶段正在做）
二、现在进行时肯定句和否定句的构成：
肯定句: 主语 + be(am/ is /are) + doing+ ...
否定句: 主语 + be(am/ is / are) +not + doing+ ...
I am not eating.
You/ We/ They are not eating.
He/ She/ It is not eating.
三、动词ing形式的构成：
(1)大部分动词 + ing 如：walk → walking
(2)以不发音e 结尾的动词 - e + ing 如： come → coming
(3)以ie 结尾的动词-ie + y + ing 如：lie → lying
(4)以“一个元音字母+ 一个辅音字母”结尾的,且重读闭音节的动词，双写辅音字母+ ing
run → running
swim → swimming
get → getting
(讨论并补充)
*讨论结果：
plan → planning
begin → beginning
stop → stopping
cut → cutting
hit →hitting
sit → sitting
四、现在进行时一般疑问句的构成及回答：
(1)I am eating.
→ Are you eating?
Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (或 No, I’m not.)

(2)You/ We/ They are eating.
→ Are you/ we/ they eating?
Yes, we/you/ they are. No, we/ you/ they are not (或用缩写aren’t)
(3)He/ She/ It is eating.
→ Is he/ she/ it eating?
Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it is not. (或用缩写isn’t)
*规律：be +主语+doing+---?
Yes, 主语+be. No, 主语+be+not.
*注意：肯定回答时主语和be动词不能缩写，否定回答时be动词和not可以用完全形式，也可以用缩写，但am 和not不缩写。
五、语法补充
1、现在进行时的时间标志：
now=at present=at the moment, look, listen, Where is ---?
(1)Listen! She __________(sing) in the next room.
(2)—Where is your mother?
— She _________(cook)dinner.
2.有些动词一般不用进行时。(1)表示心理感情的动词，如：love, like, hate, want, hope等。
(2)感官动词，如：look, smell, taste, sound, feel等。
Listen! The music _______(sound) beautiful.
3. 表示位置移动的词，可用现在进行时表将来，如：come, go, arrive(到达)，leave(离开) 等。
The Chinese New Year is coming.
Lin Dan is going to America for a game.