小学英语研修作业.doc

小学英语研修作业天津南开中心小学 杨蕊1 初步梳理该套教材关于英语拼读或语音的内容，如字母及字母发音或字母组合等。单元音：（12个）1、/ i:/ 1、字母e在开音节中：be, he, we, these, metre, relay, recycle, eve 2、字母i的特殊发音：police, machine 3、字母组合ee ：sweep, between, agree, sleep, seen, feel, feed, cheese, keeper, bee, see, tree, three4、字母组合ea：please, (New) Zealand, weak, leaf, wheat, bleat, dream, disease, beach, least, tea, seat, read5、字母组ie ：field, believe, thief, piece6、字母组ei ： receive7、字母组ey： key8、字母组合e-e：Pete, mete, these, Chinese2、/ / 1、字母a在弱读中：village, passage, palace, necklace, encourage2、字母e在弱读中： ticket, basket, behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse, repair, replay, forest, toilet, wallet, racket, pocket, result, 3、字母i在闭音节中：bring, did, ill, pick, fifty, English, ticket, village, picnic, pumpkin, tourist, riddle, it, is, six, this 4、字母i的特殊发音：practice, opposite, practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发音为/ / 5、字母i在“ve”前：live, give 6、字母u的特殊发音：busy, business 7、字母组合ai 弱读：mountain, captain 8、字母组合ie： cookie 9、字母组合ay 弱读：Sunday, Monday 10、字母组合ey ：monkey, money 11、字母y 弱读：sorry, baby, lucky, any, very, study, fifty3、/ e / 1、字母a的特殊发音：many, any2、字母e在闭音节中“e”发短音：bell, left, leg, when, went, check, invent, unless, collect 3、字母组合ea ：bread, heavy, head, ready, death, already, instead, feather, leather, weather4、/ / 1、字母a在闭音节中：that, ladder, matter, man, rabbit, panda, bank, channel, cat, cap, back2、字母a在“ve”前：have5、/:/ 1、字母组合or 在字母“w”后：work, word, world, worse, worth, worker 2、字母组合er在重读音节中：her, German, term, thermos, prefer, person, serve, nervous 3、字母组合ir：girl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt4、字母组合ur：turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday 5、字母组合ear：heard, earth, early, year, learn, search6、/ / 1、字母a在弱读：banana, England, elephant, animal, another, madam, several, probably, human, island, machine, comfortable2、字母e在弱读中：broken, moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel 3、字母o在弱读中：conductor, opposite, tonight, melon, police, produce, collect, protect, pollute 4、字母u弱读中：unless, suppose, success 5、字母组合ou：famous, nervous 6、字母组合or在弱读中：forget 7、字母组合er做后缀时：under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father, mother, supper 8、字母组合er在弱读中：concert, western, desert, shepherd7、/:/ 1、字母a在字母“n”前：dance, cant, shant, France, answer, chance, banana2、字母a在字母“s”“ss”前：ask, past, basket, class, glass, last, grass, basketball3、字母a在 “th”前：father, rather, path 4、字母组合ar：hard, car, large, bookmark, mark, regard, barn, chart, cart, hard, garden, park 5、字母组合al特殊发音： half 6、字母组合au特殊发音：laugh 7、字母组合are：are 8、字母组合ear：heart8、/ / 1、字母o在“m, n, th”前：come, some, front, month, son, Monday, monkey, money, another, brother, mother, nothing, other, none, wonder 但tomb / u:/ 2、字母o特殊发音：does, love, among, colour, discover 3、 字母u在闭音节中：must, sun, duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumpling, conductor, fun, butter, club, cup, much 4、字母组合ou / /：trouble, young, double, country, cousin, rough, encourage, tough 5、字母组合oo / / 特殊发：blood, flood9、/:/ 1、字母组合ough /:/：bought, thought 2、字母组合or 的一般发音：for, short, boring, storm, corn, corner, order, important, nor, horse, forty, morning 3、字母组合ar /:/ 在字母“w”或音标/w/后：war, quarter, towards 4、字母组合 al /:/ 一般发音： wall, tall, ball, fall, hall【注：字母组合al /:l/特殊发音 also, already, always, salt, so-called, although】5、字母组合oor /:/：floor, door6、字母组合ore /:/：before, more, score7、字母组合our /:/：four, yours, course, fourth 8、字母组合 au /:/：August, autumn, pause, audience, caught, taught 9、字母组合 aw /:/：draw, law10、/ / 1、字母a在“w”前“wh”后：what, wash, want, watch, wallet, 但：water /:/ 2、字母o在闭音节中：John, doctor, office, soccer, rock, concert, foggy, across, possible, cost, cotton, teapot, rocket, of, not, box, long 3、字母组合au / / 特殊发音：because11、/ u:/ 1、字母o在“wh”后：who, whose, whom 2、字母o的特殊发音：move, do, two, improve, lose 3、字母u在“l”前后：blue, ruler, flu, rule 4、字母u的特殊发音：June, truth, pollute, true 5、字母组合ou：group, soup, through 6、字母组合 oo 的一般发音：afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon, pool, school, noodle, spoon, tool, tooth, cool, shoot, too 7、字母组合oo的特殊发音：food, seafood 8、字母组合ew的特殊发音：drew12、/ / 1、字母u的特殊发音：put, push, sugar, full, pull 2、字母组合oo，一般在字母“k, d, t”前：book, look, good, foot, cook, wood 3、字母组合oo / / 弱读中：classroom, bedroom, sitting-room, cookie双元音：（8个）1、/e/ 1、字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本：name, page, date, lazy, caf, wave, cake, face, plate (以及单词：paper, baby, table, radio) 2、字母组合ea /e/：great, break 3、字母组合 ai一般情况下：train, fail, mainland, rail, straight, rain, maid, tail 4、字母组合ei /e/： eight, eighth 5、字母组合ay /e/ 在重读中：day, today, display, may, play, away 6、字母组合ey /e/：they 2、/a/ 1、字母i在开音节中：quite, side, outside, invite, dive, twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time (以及单词：driver, Friday) 2、字母i在“nd”前：kind, behind, find, mind, blind, China, Chinese, 3、字母组合ie /a/：die, lie 4、字母组合ei /a/ ：neither, either 5、字母组合i(gh) /a/： high, light, right, night, bright6、字母y在重读音节中：my, why, sky, by, fly3、/ 1、字母组合oi：noise, join, oil, voice, toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil 2、字母组合oy：boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal4、/ 1、字母“o”在开音节中：hope, nose, ago, alone, piano, notice, mobile, home, those, go, no, so, over 2、字母o在字母“ld”前。cold, old, hold, soldier3、字母o在“st”前。most, post, almost, most4、字母组合oa：boat, goat, goal, coat, Joan但abroad发音为 /:/5、字母组合ow：window, yellow, low, own, show, throw, bowl, know, blow, slow5、/a/ 1、字母组合ow：how, cow, down, crowd, downstairs, shower, allow, now2、字母组合ou：house, trousers, found, ground, loud, mouth, mount, without, proud, mouth, round, about【注：字母组合our 发/a /：our, ours, hour】6、/ 1、字母组合ea：idea, real, really, theatre, realize2、字母组合ere：here3、字母组合eer：ioneer, deer, beer, jeer4、字母组合ear的一般发：near, hear, dear, appear, disappear, fear7、/e/ 1、字母组合are：careful, carefully, hare, care, dare, mare 2、字母组合air：hair, chair, downstairs, air, pair3、字母组合eir：their, theirs4、字母组合ere：there, where5、字母组合ear：bear, dear, pear, tear8、/ 1、字母组合ua：February, January, usually 2、字母组合ure：sure清辅音：（11个）1、/ p / 字母p：map, pupil, paper, people2、/t / 字母t：ten, too, coat, what3、/k / 1、字母c在词前：cap, cook, clock, come, cold, close 2、字母组合ck：cock, Jack, chick, chicken, duck, black, ticket 3、字母组合ch的特殊发音：school, chemical, chemistry 4、字母k：Kate, look, book, like4、/ f / 字母f 的一般发音。life, for, five, four, fifty, first, knife5、/ / 字母组合th 【一般在名词、数词、形容词、动词中发音】：maths, three, thin, think, third, thank, Thursday6、/ s / 1、字母s的一般发音：bus, glass, class, sister, sit, horse, house 2、字母c：city, certainly, rice, piece 3、字母c在字母i, e, y前：pencil, nice7、/ / 1、字母组合ch的特殊发音：Machine 2、字母组合sh的一般发音：wash, she, fish, ship, sheep, finish8、/ t / 字母组合ch的一般发音：chair, teacher, China, chick, such9、/ tr / 字母组合tr： tree, street, tractor, try, trip, train10、/ ts / 字母组合ts： boats, coats, minutes, plants, lets, Whats, coats, seats11、/h / 字母组合wh在字母o前：who, whose, whom 字母h：he, here, hers, hello浊辅音：（17个）1、/ b / 字母b：bag, bad, bat, band, bye, blind2、/ d / 字母d：dog, desk, under, and3、/ g / 字母g(g)：good, girl, big, egg, god4、/ v / 字母f： of, 字母v：very, visit, five, seven5、/ / 字母组合th 【一般在代词、冠词、副词中的发音】：this, these, that, those, the, then, there, their, brother6、/ z / 字母s：rose, close, as, his, is, busy, has, nose, whose, please 字母z：zoo, zone, zero, size7、/ / 字母s：usually, pleasure, treasure, measure, vision, television8、/d/ 1、字母g在e前（字母组合g(e)）一般的发音：orange, page, large, vegetable, change, village, passage, 2、字母j在词前：jeep, John, Joan, Jack, job, juice, just9、/dr/ 字母组合dr：drive, driven, hundred, dress, driver, drink10、/dz/ 字母组合ds：birds, beds, grades, needs, hands, heads, goods11、/r / 字母r：red, room, read, brown12、/ m / 字母m：man, milk, home, from13、/ n / 字母n在词前：nice, nine, noon, nose, name14、/ / 1、字母n在k前发音：ink, thank, think, drink, sink 2、字母组合ng的一般发音：long, young, singer, sing, wrong, morning, 【注：ng / g /特殊发音：English, language, penguin】15、/ / 1、字母l：like, love, left, lesson 2、字母ll：ball, tall, wall, small16、/ w/ wh的一般发音：what, when, where, white, everywhere, which, why 字母w：wear, well, window, Wednesday17、/j / 字母y在词前：yes, yellow, yet, you, your/ ju: / 字母u在音节中：use, duty, excuse, Tuesday, usually, huge, future, menu 字母组合ew / ju: /：new, renew, few, knew字母组合ex的一般发音/ k s /：excuse, expect, exchange, explain, expensive, explore ex / k / except ex / e k s / exercise, exit, explanation, export, expert, exhibitionex / g z / example, exam, examination字母x的一般发音：/k s/ box, next x / gz / example, exam2. 针对该教材第一、二册关于英语拼读或语音的设计内容，分析其利弊以及如何扬长避短。 语音教学对学生的可持续发展非常有帮助。因此，一套行之有效的语音教学法将有利于帮助学生更好更快地掌握单词。在本次研讨学习之前，我也曾经尝试用各种方法和手段进行语音教学，但不够重视培养孩子们的观察能力，训练孩子们的归纳能力。在语音教学中，没有让孩子们在体验中学习，在体验中获得成功感，在语音教学部分过于忽略拼读规律，因此孩子们对单词的拼读规律掌握不好，这常常会影响孩子们记单词的方法。同时，直接影响了孩子们的单词量，间接影响孩子们学习英语的积极性与乐趣。因此，语音教学中要让孩子们特别重视拼读规律。 自然拼读法是以英语为母语的所有国家都使用并全力推广的一种单词拼读法之一。英语词汇中有70的规律单词，都可以用自然拼读法拼写出来。自然拼读法是用26个字母的发音，5个元音字母与前一个辅音字母相拼进行操练的拼读法。“自然拼读法”可以大大提高单词拼读的准确率，为以后学生学习英语、牢记单词打下良好的基础。 这样的教学步骤非常清晰，但在操作时，我们应当考虑课堂的时间安排与活动的设计。我个人认为，在小学阶段中，语音教学不能独立分开进行教学。我常常把Part C Pronunciation和Part A, Part B的单词教学融在一起进行教学和操练，同时，还要注意操练的趣味性。这样，孩子们学习和操练起来更加迅速，记单词更加牢固。1、 选择题（二选一）： 1）选择以上梳理出来的、涉及英语拼读或语音的一个教学内容，设计一个教学活动，其教学时间的长短不限，可以是5分钟，也可以是40分钟，但请简要说明你所设计活动，如：活动意图？是一节课的最初5分钟？或一个单元教学中独立的一堂课？这个活动与其他教学活动有何联系？等等。课堂设计.Teaching Aims:1 Be able to read the words with the letter icorrectly.2 Be able to distinguish two basic kind of pronunciation of the letteriin the words.3 Know something about some pronunciationrules.Teaching procedures:1 Warming-up : Enjoy the song.T: Letslisten and sing a songABC song together.设计思路:用已学过的歌曲将学生带入英语学习的氛围,同时也为引出下一个教学环节做铺垫.Presentation:T:Boys and girls ,are you happy? Todaywe will meet an old friend. Lets see who is he?Oh,its letter I.T: The letter is our old friend.Can you tell me whoshis friend?Ss: big/rabbit/nine.T:Look. I have eight friends.They are all its friends. Can you read them ?(Show the eight friends with the letter i.)bike pig milk kite fish window rice ice-creamS: bike pig milk.T: lets call loudly,bike-bike-bike.Ss: bike-bike-bikeT:The letter iin the word is pronunced as what?(引出i第一个发音/ai/,但是不出音标,而是固定一个手势并加以强化)Ss:Pig-pig-pig.T: The letter iin the word is pronunced as what?(引出i第一个发音/i/,但是不出音标,而是固定一个手势并加以强化)(学生猜对一个,教师逐一分析并强化元音字母i在开闭音节单词中的发音.)设计思路这种不出现音标的教学方法可以避免增加小学生英语学习的负担,同时教学中教师通过手势强化这种轻松的学习方法,更加有利于学生在无意识中快速掌握字母i在单词中的两种基本发音.(2)Help the words find their homes.T:Boys and girls. Here are some friends of letteri.They cant find their homes. Lets help them. Look,there are two homes of the letteri.Home1 is called /ai/. Home2 is called /i/.Can you help them find their homes. For example,rice-/ai/-rice,its at home1,andsit-/i/-sit, its at home2. What about the others?(单词如下:rice sit milk pig kite fish five six ride sister chick nice)T: Now ,boys and girls,look at Home1 and Home2. Can you find rules about the pronunciation of these words? You may talk in groups first.S:以 i-e 形式出现的单词,字母i在单词中发/ai/;以i形式出现的单词,字母i 在单词中发/i/.T: Very good. Lets read the words together.S: i-e-/ai/-rice, i-e-/ai/-nine.(手势强化) i-/i/-sit, i-/i/-it/is.(手势强化)设计思路 在上一步的教学的基础上让学生读一读,想一想,最后在此基础上进行比较,发现和归纳,必要时还给予学生讨论的机会,以换取学生的主体意识,打开学生智慧的大门,从而让他们自己获得知识,技能和方法.(3) Put the apples into the right baskets.T: Boys and girls ,now look at the blackboard. There is an apple tree here. On the tree, there are many apples. Now lets pick them and classify them. Which ones should be put intoBasket5 ? Which ones should be put into Basket6 ? Now lets try. Students pick the appleone by one.When someone picks one apple, he or she must read this word on the apple and thenspeak out the pronunciation of letter i in this word, and at last put it into the right basket.在活动中教师还要及时对每个小组进行评价,以激发全体学生的参与热情,吸引全体学生课堂上的注意力.苹果上的单词如下: life gift tip dive mice pipe lift it is fine.设计思路这个活动对于学生来说具有一定的挑战性,学生经过前面的学习基本能拼读出这些单词,但是有些单词是生词前面没出现过.通过这样的活动可以让学生把所学知识用于实际,使不同程度的学生都有成就感,增强自信心,增添学习英语的乐趣,进而长久保持对英语学习的兴趣.3 Consolidation and extention(1)Lets chantT: boys and girls ,you did very well. Ill show you a chant. Lets relax ourselves.Bike bike ride a bike.Kite kite fly a kite.Ice-cream ice-cream I like ice-creams.Pig, pig, walk like a pig.Milk, milk, it is white.Fish, fish, it is lovely.T: Now,boys and girls,who can find the words withletteripronunced as /ai/ in this chant? Which ones are pronunced as /i/? Ss find these words.(2)Who read better the teacher or students?T:Boys and girls,please read the chant again. Then Ill reda it. Lets compare who reads better and tell me the difference.设计思路:我在这里插入一首英语歌谣,一方面让学生中途轻松一下,另一方面通过教师与学生对比读歌谣的形式引出语音教学中连读这一新知识点,最终让学生读出英语的语感来.4 HomeworkAssign the homeworkRead the Tongue twistersand next class ask studentsto show in class.Mike rides a bike behind a white dike.Bill is picking a big pig in a big ship.Bob got a lot of boxes on the top of a hot pot.设计思路: 将课堂教学适当延伸到课外,从而更好地巩固课堂所学的知识.