希望英语综合教程四Unit-3(课堂PPT).ppt

,外语教学与研究出版社,希望英语（第二版）,综合教程,4,希望英语（第二版）,综合教程,1,Unit 3 History,希望英语（第二版）,综合教程,4,外语教学与研究出版社,希望英语（第二版）综合教程,3,Unit 3 History,Speaking,Reading A,Listening,Writing,Reading B&Reading C,Speaking,Task 1,Task 2,Task 3,Brainstorm yourself and write out a list of words and phrases for describing Winston Churchill,former British Prime Minister.(You may search for the information on the Internet or in the library.),Speaking,Task 1,unhappy,childhood,affection,academic,army career,the Royal Military college,apply oneself seriously,soldier and journalist,a man of rare versatility,amateur painter,a parliamentarian,fervent patriot,Prime Minister,World War II,German,Speaking,Task 2,Use the following sentence patterns and the words or phrases from Task 1 to make a short talk about Churchill to your classmates.,A.was born.,B.was Prime Minister of Britain from.to.,C.rallied the people to fight against.,D.famous for his.,E.be thought highly by.,Speaking,Task 3,Work in pairs.Take turns asking your partner the,following questions and take notes.Organize your notes and report to the class,using the style of narration.,1.Who is your most respected historical person?,2.What of him/her impresses you most?,3.Why do people have such opinions about,him/her?,Reading A,Task 1,Task 2,Task 3,Reading A,Task 1,1.Why was King Richard III called the“wicked uncle”?,King Richard III was thought to have killed his two young nephews.See Paragraph 2.,Give brief answer to the following questions,then ask your,partner about his/her answers and take notes.,Reading A,Task 1,2.What reasons does the author,offer to prove the innocence of,Richard III?,The author believes that there is no proof whatsoever of Richards guilt,and,when the rumor and,biased testimony of those who benefited from Richards ruin are stripped away,no motive for,murder remains.She gives the following reasons:,1)The historical text about Richard III is tainted.,2)There is a lack of evidence of his guilt.,3)The two nephews were still alive after Richard was crowned.,4)Richards position was not threatened by the two nephews.,5)Richard was a man of reason and family loyalty.,6)There were two other suspects for the murder,Henry,Stafford and Henry Tudor.,Give brief answer to the following questions,then ask your,partner about his/her answers and take notes.,Reading A,Task 1,3.Who are the most likely suspects for the murder,of the two young princes according to the passage?,The most likely suspects for the murder are Henry Stafford and Henry Tudor.,Give brief answer to the following questions,then ask your,partner about his/her answers and take notes.,Reading A,Task 1,Give brief answer to the following questions,then ask your,partner about his/her answers and take notes.,4.Why does the author say she cant help but,admire King Richard III?,She believes that King Richard III was an,extraordinary man.He put loyalty above everything,except his conscience and did what was right for his people.He was respected by his people.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,Find the words and phrases expressing the controlling idea of each paragraph and compare them with your partners.,The Slandered King,1 He was the youngest son of a duke and firmly loyal to his family.He was an able administrator and a general at age eighteen.He was his brother the kings right arm and peacemaker.He,succeeded to,the throne through lawful means and ruled wisely.His,parliament,was noted for,reforms.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,2 He was,plotted against,and betrayed,killed in battle.Long after his death he,was blamed for,the murder of his own nephews,who may have outlived him and of his brother George,and thus he was called,“wicked uncle”.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,3 He was Richard III of England,the most slandered king in history.,4 For centuries his name has,stood for,murder of the foulest kind.Yet there is no proof whatsoever of his guilt,and,when the rumor and biased testimony of those who benefited from his ruin are,stripped away,no,motive,for murder remains.But how difficult it is to see the truth with any clarity,when for five hundred years nearly every text on the subject was taken from the tainted evidence of Sir Thomas More,who heaped slander against the respectable king.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,5-1 The truth about Richards physical deformities(or,more precisely,his lack of them)has become generally accepted as fact:He had no clubfoot and no withered arm,although one shoulder may have been slightly higher than the other,possibly from overworking his sword-arm in his youth.But the,controversy,over his guilt,rages,to this day.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,5-2 Members of the Richard III Society support his innocence.Two mock,trials,were heldthe first in October,1996,the second in June,1997and were,presided over,by Chief Justice Rehnquist of the US Supreme Court.These trials,while informative and fascinating,are nonetheless inconclusive.Richard is acquitted not on any evidence of his innocence but on a lack of evidence of his guilt.However,such is the case in any American criminal trial,where the burden of proof so rightly rests with the prosecution.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,6-1 The following are some of the facts as evidence for Richards innocence.,1.It is clear from contemporary records that both his nephews were still alive after Richard was crowned.It was the revelation that their parents marriage was not,valid,and that the boys were thus illegitimate that changed the course of events and put Richard on the throne.Therefore,he did not kill them to gain the crown.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,6-2 2.Nor did he murder to,secure,the crown;for if he felt that his position was threatened,the rival to kill would have been his nephew by his late brother George,the young Earl of Warwick.Young Warwick,had a closer claim to,the throne than the illegitimate princes.Richard most certainly did not kill Warwick(who was shut up in the tower by Henry VII)but instead formally made him his heir when his own son died.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,6-3 3.Richard was a man of reason and family loyalty,and he had no reasonable motive for killing two children who not only posed little political threat but whom he very likely loved as he loved all his family.However,there were others who sought the throne who would not have seen the princes as dear little children but as political,obstacles,(as was Richard himself).The two most likely suspectsbut by no means the only suspectare Henry Stafford,the Duke of Buckingham,and Henry Tudor,the victor at the battle of Bosworth,who became King Henry VII.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,7 The more that was found out about Richard,the greater grows the respect for this extraordinary man.In a time of uncertainty,when ruthlessness was the surest route to power,he put loyalty above everything except his conscience and did what was right for his people.He was repaid with treason and with an undeserved reputation that has lasted 500 years.,Reading A,Task 2 Text,8 Yet one item,speaks to,the truth from those long-gone days.After the battle of Bosworth,when the future was uncertain,in the promise of,a new regime,the people of York recorded in their public records:“This day was our good King Richard piteously slain and murdered;to the great heaviness of this city.”What kind of man inspires such loyalty and causes such sorrow with his passing?,9 A medieval monarch we,cant help but,admire.,Reading A,遭诽谤的国王,1,他是公爵的小儿子，对家族忠心耿耿。他颇有管理才华，,18,岁当上将军。他是其国王哥哥最得力的助手，平息了种种纷争。他合法继承了王位，治国英明，领导的议会以改革著称。,text,Reading A,2,他后来遭人谋反，被人出卖，在战场上遇害。在他死后很久，还有人指责他谋杀了他哥哥乔治的两个儿子，而这两位小王子很可能在他和他哥哥乔治死后还仍然活着。他因此背上了,“,狠毒的叔叔,”,的恶名。,text,Reading A,3,他就是英格兰国王理查德三世，历史上遭诽谤最多的国王。,4,多少世纪以来，他的名字简直成了最卑鄙杀人犯的代名词。但是时至今日有关他谋杀的罪证却一点也没有找到。相反，当我们把那些别有用心的人散布的谣言和伪证一一剥开之后，却找不到他杀人的动机。托马斯,莫尔爵士为这位可敬的国王罗织了受人诽谤的证据，,500,年来，凡是涉及这一话题的文本几乎全部来自他带有偏见的证言，（所以）我们很难看清楚事实的真相。,text,Reading A,5-1,有关理查德肢体畸形的说法（或者确切地说，他根本没有畸形）历来被大家当作事实。其实，他的脚并不畸形，手臂也没有萎缩。也许两肩膀略不对称，那完全可能是因为青年时期用一只胳膊使剑所致。但是有关他是否有罪的争论时至今日仍然十分激烈。,text,Reading A,5-2,理查德三世协会的会员坚持认为他是清白的，并于,1996,年,10,月和,1997,年,6,月举行了两次模拟审判，由美国最高法院首席法官雷伦奎斯特主审。尽管提供了许多线索，而且也很有趣，但结果仍然毫无定论。理查德被判无罪不是因为找到他无罪的证据，而是找不到他有罪的事实。不过，美国的刑事审判正是这样的，举证应由起诉方负责。,text,Reading A,6-1,以下是证明理查德无辜的事实：,1,当时的文献记载表明，理查德加冕称王以后，他那两个侄子仍然活着。当时情况表明，这两位侄子父母的婚姻是无效的，两位侄子属私生子。这就改变了王位承袭的顺序，把理查德推上了王位。因此理查德没有必要为获得王位而杀掉两位侄子。,text,Reading A,6-2 2,他也不曾为了巩固王位而谋杀两位侄子。因为，如果他认为自己的王位受到威胁，那么要除掉的就应该是他已故王兄乔治的儿子,年幼的沃里克伯爵。与那两位私生的小王子相比，年幼的沃里克伯爵更有权继承王位。理查德绝没有杀害沃里克伯爵（后来沃里克伯爵被亨利七世关进了伦敦塔），相反，在自己的儿子死后，他还把沃里克伯爵正式立为自己的王位继承人。,text,Reading A,6-3 3,理查德是一个有理性并效忠家族的人。他没有理由去杀害两个在政治上对他没有威胁的孩童，相反，他完全可能疼爱家族里的这两个小成员。倒是其他觊觎王位的人不会把这两个小王子当作可爱的孩童，而把他们当作政治上的障碍（理查德本人也是他们的障碍）。其中嫌疑最大的,但绝不是唯一的,两个人就是白金汉公爵亨利,斯塔福德和博斯沃思之战的胜利者亨利,都铎，后者就是后来的国王亨利七世。,text,Reading A,7,人们对理查德的了解越多，就越尊敬这位不平凡的人物。在动荡的年代，残酷无情是夺取权力的必然手段，可是理查德仍认为：只要不违背良心，忠诚就是高于一切的。他所做的一切皆是为了人民，换来的却是被误认为通敌叛国，蒙受长达,500,年的不白之冤。,text,Reading A,8,岁月虽已远去，但是仍有一点诉说着当年的真相。在博斯沃思之战以后，面对未来的新政权，约克人前途未卜，在他们的官方档案中有这样的记载：,“,这一天，我们尊敬的国王理查德遭人谋害，残杀至死，令全城子民万分悲痛。,”,一个什么样的人物才会使得人民如此忠诚于他，其辞世才会令人如此揪心地哀伤呢？,9,一位我们不能不敬仰的中世纪君主。,text,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to take a title,property or a position on the death of,its previous holder,succeed to,e.g.,He has,succeeded to,his uncles estate.,Probably Dave will,succeed to,him as director.,Translation,大卫有可能要接替他当厂长。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,n.the highest legislature,consisting of the Sovereign,the House of Lords,and the House of Commons in,England,parliament,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to be known because of;be famous for,be noted for,e.g.,Persian Gulf,is noted for,its rich oil resources.,Jim,is noted for,arriving late for work.,Translation,吉姆上班迟到是出了名的。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to make secret plans,usually with other people,against(somebody or something),plot against,e.g.,The rebels,plotted against,the government.,They,plotted against,the king but failed.,Translation,他们推翻国王统治的阴谋失败了。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to be responsible for something of bad consequences,be blamed for,e.g.,As the captain of the team,he should,be blamed for,loss of the football game.,The driver,is blamed for,the accident.,Translation,司机因此次意外事故而受到指责。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,the bad reputation of Richard III(14521485),the,last king from the family of York ruling England,who,was thought to have murdered his two nephews,“wicked uncle”,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to be a sign or short form of;represent;mean,stand for,e.g.,The owl,stands for,wisdom.,BBC,stands for,British Broadcasting Corporation.,Translation,BBC,代表英国广播公司。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to remove something that is hiding the true nature or,intentions of somebody;uncover(a pretence),strip away,e.g.,Once his show of power has been,stripped away,you can see that hes a very ordinary human being.,He was,stripped away,all the disguises.,Translation,他被剥去所有伪装。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,n.something that induces someone to do something,or act in a particular way,motive,e.g.,What is his,motive,in revealing to the public the agreement we have reached between his company and ours?,Her prime,motive,was personal ambition.,Translation,她的主要动机是为了实现个人的志向,.,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,n.something that people cannot agree on;dispute,controversy,e.g.,There is still,controversy,over the conception of freedom.,It,is he who provoked the,controversy,.,Translation,挑起争端的人就是他。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,v.to become very angry,rage,e.g.,The father,raged,at the news that his son stayed at an Internet bar overnight.,He,raged,against me for my being late.,Translation,他对我迟到的事大发雷霆。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,n.court examination and determination of an issue,between parties;a process of testing or experiment,trial,e.g.,The case will be put on,trial,in two months at the local municipal court.,I hope this will be an impartial,trial,.,Translation,我希望这是一次公正的审判。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to lead;be president of(a ceremony or meeting,etc.),preside over,e.g.,The manager,presides over,the business of this store.,Who will,preside over,the meeting has not be decided.,Translation,这个会议要谁来主持还未确定。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,a.legally effective;justified,valid,e.g.,The police have no right to ban you from driving since your driving license is still,valid,.,His excuse was not,valid,at all.,Translation,他的借口根本站不住脚。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,v.to protect or safeguard;succeed in obtaining,secure,e.g.,It was surprising that the president still,secured,his presidency after the nationwide political turmoil.,The country strives to,secure,its position in the economic crisis.,Translation,该国力图在经济危机中保全自己的位置。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to have a right to ask for,have a claim to,e.g.,The poor have a,claim,to our sympathy.,I,have a claim to,the money.,Translation,我有权要求得到那笔钱。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,n.something that prevents progress,obstacle,e.g.,Being shy may be the major,obstacle,in your English learning.,Lack of education is an,obstacle,of success.,Translation,缺乏教育是成功的障碍。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to support(in this text);scold(in nowadays English),speak to,e.g.,Many members,spoke to,the plan.,He,spoke to,his employees about their slackness in work.,Translation,他责备员工工作太松懈。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,in the prospect of,in the promise of,e.g.,I am,in the promise of,visiting New York.,He is,in the promise of,the coming Christmas holiday.,Translation,他期待着即将到来的圣诞假期。,Reading A,Task 2,New Words and Expressions,to be forced to;can only;must,cant help but,e.g.,When your country calls on you to show your dedication,you,cant help but,do so.,Bob is the key man and,cant help but,be the first one to get there.,Translation,鲍勃掌管钥匙，不得不第一个到那儿。,Reading A,Task 3,Read the passage again and write an outline of it.,Richard III,a loyal member to his family and a wise ruler,was the most slandered king,yet he himself was betrayed and murdered.,Richard III has been considered the foulest murder by the,unsubstantiated historical accounts.,People including the members of the Richard III Society are struggling hard to prove the innocence of Richard III.,The author offers her convincing logical reasoning and some historical facts as evidence for Richards innocence.,Richard III actually is a respectable and extraordinary medieval monarch.,Reading A,Task 4,Fill in the blanks with the words given below,and change their forms if necessary.Use,each word once only.,1.During the,war between the two countries,thousands of soldiers,were killed and even more homeless.,2.He lied to the police about his overnight stay at his friends,but the look on,his face,him.,3.When she called him a thief,he decided to sue her for,.,4.The local police have launched an extensive investigation of the serious case,of,in which three girls were killed.,5.Helping the enemy was an act of,;the helper would be hanged if he,was caught.,ruthless,betrayed,slandering,murder,treason,Reading A,Task 4,6.The example set by the