英语语法名词性从句的十大考点全攻略.doc

英语语法名词性从句的十大考点全攻略Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever解析：答案是B，whatever引导一个宾语从句，并且作wants的宾语。这里的whatever不能改成what，因为题意想表达的显然是“无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么事不明智的”，具有泛指的概念。同时要注意，这里whatever也不能改用no matter what，因为后者只能引导状语从句。比较下例：I cant remember at the moment who has said the words. (这里的who表特定的某人)Where, when, why等连接副词引导的名词性从句Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. that D. where解析：答案是A，why引导的从句作表语，同时why在从句中作原因状语。这里之所以选why，而不是when或 where等，唯一的依据便是句子的逻辑含义，及语境。“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+ whom”引导的定语从句的区别介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。1.It was a matter of _ would take the position.2. It was a matter of _he will promote.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever解析：答案是1.A, 2.C。这是一个含宾语从句的复合句，作介词of宾语的，是后面的整个句子，而不是宾语从句的引导词，由于句1 引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who， 句2 引导词在从句中作宾语，所以要用宾格whom。He is the actor for _the shirt is made.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever解析：答案是C. 这是一个定语从句，先行词是the actor， 先行词在从句中的使用是the shirt is made for the actor，所以先行词在从句中作for 的宾语, 所以引导词要用宾格whom.名词性从句中有插入成分时此时应注意两点：一是从句仍然不倒装，而在插入成分上倒装；二是要注意主语的主格和宾格的选择。_ you have seen both fighters, _ will win?A. Since; do you think who B. As; who you thinkC. When; whoever D. Since; who do you think解析：根据上面的讲解，不难知道答案是D。其中do youthink是插入成分，其余部分是宾语从句，作think的宾语；由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who(不用whom)。引导词that的省略引导宾语从句时，that通常可以省略，但引导主语、表语和同位语从句时，that不能省。例如：Chinas success in manned-spacecraft travel shows_ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that解析：该句中的从句作shows的宾语，是宾语从句，又因为从句中不缺主、宾语，所以只能用that引导；又因引导宾语从句时that可以省略，所以答案是C。改错：Liu Xiang will come to our school is true.The truth is he lied to you.The news Liu Xiang will come to our school is true.同位语从句引导词where, when的用法特点说明先行词内容的同位语从句的引导词where, when与被说明的名词在概念上不一致。但引导定语从句的引导词却必须保持一致。试比较：1.Then arose the question _ we were to get so much money.2.This is the house _ the great man Mao Zedong wasborn 110 years ago.A. where B. that C. about which D. in which解析：答案分别是1.A 2.A/D。先行词与where, when概念一致时，是定语从句，2题中的house与where同表地点，且这个关系副词where或when可以用“介词+which”的形式代替，所以答案A和D都可以引导。1题中的question与where不表同一概念，可见是同位语从句，所以where不能改用“介词+which”的形式。