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课时作业(三十六) War and Peace 战争与和平
Ⅰ.语音知识
1．breathe
A．|breθi| B．|briːði|
C．|briːθ| D．|briːð|
2．despite
A．|de′spait| B．|di′spit|
C．|de′zpait| D．|di′spait|
3．encourage
A．|in′kʌridʒ| B．|en′kʌridʒ|
C．|in′kəuridʒ| D．|en′sʌridʒ|
4．abandon
A．|′bændn| B．|æ′bændn|
C．|ə′bəndən| D．|æ′bəndən|
5．accompany
A．|′əkʌmpni| B．|ə′kʌmpni|
C．|əkʌm′pəni| D．|əkʌmpə′ni|
Ⅱ.情景对话
—Good morning.Is that 8089932?
—__1__
—This is Maria Smith ringing from the Packaging Compa2__
—__3__
—We’ve got your job application and I’m ringing just to arrange a meeting with you.
—__4__When will it be?
—How about Monday morning at 10？Would that be all right?
—__5__
—So we look forward to seeing you then.ByeBye.
—Bye.Thanks for ringing.
A．That’s good.
B．Speaking.
C．It suits me fine.
D．Could I speak to Mr Richard Brain?
E．Yes?
F．Who are you looking for?
G．It doesn’t matter.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．To save the drowning child，the boy plunged into the icy water without hesitation，________his own safety.
A．despite of B．regardless of
C．unaware of D．because of
2．The weather in London is so changeable that people always take their umbrellas with them________rain.
A．for fear of B．in need of
C．in spite of D．because of
3．—________do we still need to wait for the tickets?
—Maybe for another two hours.Look at the queue!
A．How often B．How long
C．How soon D．How much
4．After covering 15 kilometers that day，the two girls went home，________.
A．exhausting B．exhausted
C．being exhausted D．having exhausted
5．The performance________three hours，and successfully ended in the applause of the students.
A．lasted B．extended
C．expanded D．spent
6．I failed in the exam.How I wish that I________so much time playing computer games!
A．didn’t waste B．hadn’t wasted
C．wouldn’t waste D．haven’t wasted
7．The reason________I can’t put up with her is________she’s always finding fault with me.
A．why；because B．why；that
C．which；that D．that；because
8．Teenager as he is，Tony can resist________what he doesn’t like to do.
A．to be done B．to do
C．doing D．being done
9．It’s not safe to travel by standing at the roadside hoping to be________by passing cars.
A．picked up B．called up
C．made up D．given up
10．Without the help of their group，we________in the investigation.I do appreciate it.
A．can’t have succeeded B．couldn’t succeed
C．hadn’t succeeded D．wouldn’t have succeeded
11．________all the shortcomings you mentioned，he is a man to be depended on.
A．In spite B．Although
C．Though D．Despite
12．In my opinion，what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn’t make any________.
A．meaning B．idea
C．sense D．point
13．Terrorism in the world means more deaths and heavier losses and________，it is our duty to fight against it.
A．therefore B．altogether
C．otherwise D．moreover
14．My car was stolen last year and it was found________months later.
A．to be abandoned B．abandoning
C．abandoned D．being abandoned
15．Having retired from business，he now________himself with the welfare of the disabled.
A．associates B．occupies
C．charges D．records
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2010届英语周报第23期)
Simply sitting and watching birds is a popular hobby around the world.It’s fun and relaxing at the same time.
Many people quite enjoy just watching the birds in their garden，yard，trees and bushes from their front window.And it’s even better to actually go out into the wild and watch the birds in their own natural habitats.
Natural habitat of course usually means going into the woods，or to remote areas.So before going on a bird watching outing，be sure you’ve prepared a little.First and foremost，be sure you’re wearing the appropriate clothes for both the location you’ll be visiting，and the climate that area is currently experiencing.
If you live in a warm desert area，for instance，and you plan to go up a mountain for a day of bird watching，you’ll want to first find out if there’s any snow on the mountain，or whether it’s cold during the daylight hours.
You’ll of course also want to be sure you have some food or snacks，and plenty of water.
Besides，binoculars are almost a requirement for bird watching too.They allow you to get a closeup view of any birds，nests，and chicks.Many bird lovers also enjoy having a pen or pencil，and a notebook on hand so they can take notes about the birds they’ve seen，or sketch them as they’re watching.
And of course if you like pictures，you’ll want to bring along a camera.
Last but not least，it would be helpful to have some sort of bird identification reference available.Whether you can take it with you into the woods，or you have it hanging at home，these are always quite useful in the long term.
1．While watching birds in their natural habitats，you should do the following EXCEPT________.
A．make sure you’ve got enough food
B．bring enough water
C．wear suitable clothes
D．always take the bird identification reference with you
2．The underlined part “binoculars” in the sixth paragraph probably refers to________.
A．a pair of special glasses B．foods
C．tools for catching birds D．high spirits
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Many birds like to stay on the mountains when it snows.
B．Many people find that watching birds in the yard is boring.
C．Using cameras while watching birds will scare birds away.
D．A bird watching outing is different from watching birds from the window.
4．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Wild bird watching tips
B．A popular hobby
C．Watching birds in the garden
D．Natural habitat
5．The passage is particularly intended for________.
A．bird lovers B．drawers
C．environmentalists D．writers
Like other languages，English has changed greatly，so that an English speaker of 1,300 would not have understood the English of 500 nor the English of today.Changes of every sort have taken place in the sounds and in the grammar.Although the pronunciation of English has changed greatly since the 15th century，the spelling of English words has changed very little over the same period.As a result，English spelling is not a reliable guide to the pronunciation of the language.
The vocabulary of English has naturally expanded，but many common modern words are derived (起源于) from the vocabulary of the earliest English，e.g.bread，good，and shower.French words，such as castle，began to come into English shortly before the Norman Conquest in 1066.After the Conquest，Norman French became the language of the court and of official life，and it remained so until the end of the 14th century.
During these 300 or more years English remained the language of the common people，but an increasingly large number of French words found their way into the language，so that the French element in the English vocabulary was very considerable (相当多的)．Most legal terms and words denoting (表示) social ranks and institutions (such as duke)，together with a great number of other words that cannot be classified readily，e.g.honor，courage，season，manner，study，and poor，belong to this period of French influence.
Since nearly all of these French words are mainly derived from Late Latin，they may be regarded as an indirect influence of the classical languages upon the English vocabulary.
The direct influence of the classical languages began with the Renaissance (the period in Europe in the 14th,15th and 16th centuries when there was a new interest in art，literature，and science) and has continued ever since；even today Latin and Greek roots are the chief source for English words in science and technology.English vocabulary has also been greatly expanded by the blending of existing words (e.g.smog from smoke and fog) resulting in a new word，usually with a related meaning.
6．We can learn from the first paragraph that________.
A．English has the most changes of all the languages in the world
B．the spelling of English words has changed greatly since the 15th century
C．we can usually pronounce English words correctly according to the spelling
D．English grammar is not the same in different periods
7．After the Norman Conquest，________.
A．French became the language of the common people
B．the vocabulary of English decreased gradually
C．French became the official language in England
D．both English and French were spoken in court
8．Which of the following words came from French?
A．Smog. B．Duke.
C．Bread. D．Shower.
9．The underlined word “they” in Para.4 probably refers to________.
A．Latin words B．French words
C．Greek words D．social ranks
10．It can be learned from the passage that________.
A．Norman French came into English 1,300 years ago
B．the French element in the English vocabulary was not important
C．Latin and Greek words make up a great part of scientific English words
D．the increase of English words is a worrying phenomenon
Ⅰ.语音知识
Ⅱ.情景对话
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．B 考查介词短语。B项 “不管；不顾”符合语境的含义：不顾个人安危，跳进冰冷的水里救孩子。A项是搭配错误，C项 “不易觉察到，不知道”，D项 “因为”。
2．A 考查介词短语的辨析。for fear of以防，唯恐……；in need of需要；in spite of尽管；because of因为。带伞是为了“以防”下雨。
3．B 考查疑问词。how long多长时间。句意为：——还要等多长时间才能买到票？——也许还要两个小时，你看看这队伍！
4．B exhausted为形容词作状语，说明主语行为的伴随状况。句意为“那天走了25公里后，两个姑娘疲惫不堪地回到家”。
5．A last (for)意为“持续”。extend意为“伸展、延伸”；expand意为“扩大，详述”；spend意为“花费”。句意为“演出持续了三个小时，在学生们的掌声中成功结束”。
6．B 根据前句可知用wish表示对过去发生事情的遗憾。宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或would/could/might＋have done。句意为“我没通过考试。我后悔不该浪费那么多时间玩电脑游戏”。
7．B 此题考查句型The reason why...is that...意为“……的原因是因为……”。why引导定语从句修饰先行词the reason，that引导表语从句且在从句中不作成分。句意为“我不能忍受她的原因是因为她老是挑我的毛病”。
8．C resist意为“抵制；抵抗”，后跟动词ing形式。句意为“虽然只有十几岁，但托尼能够抵制他不喜欢做的事”。
9．A pick up意为“停下来让某人搭车(船等)；救起”。call up意为“打电话”；make up意为“编造”；give up意为“放弃”。句意为“站在路边等着搭便车，这样旅行并不安全”。
10．D 本题考查without引起的含蓄条件句。without短语代替if引导的条件状语从句。根据后句“太感谢了”，可知与过去事实相反，故主句用would/wouldn’t have done。句意为“如果没有他们小组的帮助，我们的调查就不会成功。我非常感激”。
11．D Despite＝In spite of尽管，其后跟名词或动名词。
12．C make sense固定短语，表示“有意义”。
13．A 句意为：世界恐怖主义意味着更多的死亡和更重大的损失，因此与恐怖主义作斗争是我们的职责。therefore意为“因此”；altogether意为“总而言之”；otherwise意为“另外，否则”；moreover意为“此外”。
14．C abandoned在句中作主语补足语，汽车被遗弃，所以用过去分词表被动。
15．B 本题考查动词短语搭配。occupy sb.with指忙于某事，符合句子要求。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
【语篇解读】 你喜欢到野外观鸟吗？观鸟之前你要做好充分的准备！
1．D 细节判断题。由文章最后一段可知，准备一份鸟类识别参考资料是有帮助的，可以带在身上，也可以挂在家里，外出观鸟不一定必须带在身上。
2．A 词义猜测题。由后文中的“They allow you to get a closeup view of any birds，nests，and chicks”可以推断，binoculars指的是一种可以让人近距离观察鸟的仪器。
3．D 推理判断题。由文章第二段可知，在野外观鸟比在家里和花园里观鸟要好很多，由此可以推断两者是不同的。
4．A 主旨大意题。本文主要告诉读者到野外观鸟的一些注意事项。B项过于笼统；C项与文章主题相反；D项只是对文章的部分内容的概括。
5．A 写作对象题。本文主要讲述在野外观鸟所需要注意的事项，故文章的对象最有可能为A(爱鸟者)。
【语篇解读】 语言是不断发展变化的，英语也不例外。各个重要的历史时期对英语的变化，尤其是词汇的变化都产生了深远的影响。
6．D 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Changes of every sort have taken place in the sounds and in the grammar”可知D项正确。
7．C 细节理解题。由第二段中的“After the Conquest，Norman French became the language of the court and of official life”可知C项正确。
8．B 细节判断题。由文章第三段可知，英语中表示社会阶层的词大多来自法语，“duke公爵”就是一个来自法语的表示社会阶层的词。
9．A 代词指代题。自从诺曼底人征服英格兰以后，法语词汇开始进入英语，而法语中的词汇大多来自拉丁语，所以说拉丁语对英语有着间接的影响，因此可以推断they在此处指代的是拉丁词汇。
10．C 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“Latin and Greek roots are the chief source for English words in science and technology”可知，C项正确。
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