重要句式.doc

1. It’s + adi. (for sb.) + to do sth.
It作形式主语 ， to do不定式作真正主语。翻译为：“做某事（对于某人来说）是怎么样的。”做题时见到 it 就选不定式 to do ；反之见到不定式 to do 就选 it。
It’s important for us to learn English well.
对于我们来说，学好英语是很重要的。
It’s interesting to play computer games.
玩电脑游戏是很有趣的。
It’s necessary for us to protect the environment.
对于我们来说，保护环境是很有必要的。
It’s easy to finish today’s homework.
完成今天的作业很容易。
2.It’s kind \ nice \ good of sb. to do sth.
某人做某事真是太好了（善良了）。当形容词表示人的品格时用of，其他的用for
It’s kind of you to help me. 你能帮我真是太好了。
It’s nice of you to say so. 你能这样说真是太好了。
3.主语+ find \ think--- + it + adj. + to do sth.
It在动词后面作形式宾语， to do 作真正宾语，翻译过来的意思是：某人发现或认为做某事是怎么样的。做题时见到 it 就选不定式 to do ；反之见到不定式 to do 就选 it。注意通常在it后面不用is或was.
I found it difficult to get on with them.
我发现和他们相处是很困难的。
He thought it impossible to finish the work in two days.
他认为在两天之内完成工作是不可能的。
4.Doing sth-- + is \ 动词单三式 -----
动名词作主语，谓语动词用is或第三人称单数形式。翻译过来是：做某事是怎么样的。
Drinking milk is good for our health.
= It’s good for us to drink milk.
Exercising every day helps me get good grades.
Eating vegetables and fruits keeps us healthy.
5.There be + subject(主语) + doing ---
翻译过来的意思是：有个人或物正在做某事。
There are some boys playing coccer over there.
有些男孩正在踢足球。
There is a tree standing in front of our classroom.
我们教室门前有棵树。
6.It’s one’s duty to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。
It’s your duty to clean the classroom.
7.动词不定式做主语或跟在be动词之后做表语
To do sth.---is ----- \ ----is to do sth.
To memorize the new words is the best way of learning English.
The only thing that I am thinking is to come up with some good ideas.
8.It takes sb. some time to do sth.
It作形式主语； to do sth 作真正主语
做某事花了某人多长时间。
How long does it take him to finish the housework?
It took us half an hour to communicate with them.
9.Sb. spends some time (in) doing sth.
某人做某事花了多长时间。
We spent the whole morning cleaning the yard.
10.It’s time to do sth. == It’s time for -----
该做某事了。 或 到做某事的时间了。
It’s time to have breakfast. == It’s time for breakfast.
该吃早饭了。 （到吃早饭的时间了。）
It’s time for you to go to bed.
该睡觉了。
11.I’m sorry to hear that.
听到你像那样说我感到很遗憾（难过）。
12.过去分词作定语，放在名词前后（注意和被动语态分别开来）。
I have a friend called Sofie. （一个叫索菲的朋友）
He has a pet parrot named Lucy.（一个叫鲁西的宠物鹦鹉）
This is a book written by Mo Yan. （一本莫言写得书）
Have you seen the movie acted by Jay Chou？（那部周杰伦演的电影）
This is a burnt room.（一间被烧毁的房间）
Do you like fried chicken? （被煎炒油炸的鸡肉）
13.现在分词作定语表示用途，放在名词前或后。（注意和现在进行时态区别）
You’d better take a shopping bag with you.（用于购物的袋子）
A sleeping bag two sitting room
14.现在分词作状语，同时进行的动作。
He sat in the chair, smoking.（他坐在椅子上，抽着烟。）
They lay on the bed, listening to music.（他们听着音乐躺在床上。）
15.----有毛病、出故障、有问题、坏了。
There is something wrong with my bike.
= My bike doesn’t work. = My bike is broken.
To their surprise, there is nothing wrong with my computer.
16.其他交际情境句式背记《说明与检测》。
17.其他句式练习题：
一．感叹句：
1. ________ fine day it is! Let's go and fly a kite.
A. What       B. What a         C. How           D. How a
2. Look at the photo of the Smiths. ________happy they are!
A. How       B. What          C. How a       D. What a
3. _______nice weather it is! let’s play football.
A. what             b. how        C. what a
4.________ bad weather it is! It’s rainy for two weeks.
A. what          B. what a        C. how         D. how a
5. — _______good time we had at the party last night!
— Yes. it was _____ exciting party that i would never forget it.
A. what; so    B. how; such     C. what a: such an     D. how a; so an
6. _____useful information you've told us!
A. what          B. what a      C. what an               D. how
7. Don’t wait for people to be friendly, show them ___ a friendly person you are.
A. what        B. how     c. when     d. where
8. -- _____ nice day it is today! let’s go out to play, shall we?
-- That’s a good idea.
 A. How a                B. What a                 C. How
9. –You can’t imagine _______ great fun chatting online is.
 – Really? but it may cause you a lot of trouble.
A. what       B. how         C. why        D. whether
二． 反义疑问句：
1. --- He didn’t come to school yesterday, didn’t he ?
   --- _________.he was ill in bed.
A. Yes, he did         B. No, he didn’t   
C. Yes, what a pity     D. No, I think 
2. —Tom didn’t go to school this morning, did he?
—_______.though he had a bad cold.
A. Yes, he didn’t      B. Yes, he did    C.No, he didn’t   D. No, he did
3. — There is something wrong with your hike, _______?
— Yes. I'll have it _______ tomorrow.
A. isn’t it; mend     B. isn’t there: mended     
C. isn't it; mended    D. isn't there; mend
4. They hardly watch TV on school nights, _____?
A. will they   B. aren’t they  C. do they D. didn't they
5.He has many friends at school ._____?
 A. has he         B. does he          C. doesn’t he     D. isn’t he
6. Let’s go to the cinema to see a film,_________
A. will you      B. shall we        C. won’t you         D. don’t you
7. —Mr. Wang's never been to canada, has he?
—_____. He went there on business last week.
A. No, he hasn't           B. Yes, he has    
  c. No,  he has            d. Yes,  he hasn ' t
8.Don’t make so much noise. Lily, _______?
A. do you         B. don’t you       C. will you        D. won’t you
 9. —You had nothing for breakfast this morning,______?
—No, I got up too late.
A. did you         B. had you          C. didn't you
 三． 祈使句：
1. _______ smoke here, dad. smoking has been banned in public places.
A. Don’t be        B. Don’t                C. Not to be           D. Be not
2._________ exercising, and you'll be healthier.
A. Keep       B. To keep         C. Keeping
3._______ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there.
A. Not                   B. Not too  
C. Don’t                  D. Don’t to
4.______exercising, and you’ll be healthier.
A. Keep                    B. To keep              C. Keeping
5.—Please _______to return my book by friday. I’ll use it on Saturday.
—No problem. I'll finish reading it on Thursday.
A. don't forget   B. not to forget   C. not forget     D. forget not to
四． 倒装句:
1. Hey, Nick. ______comes the last bus! hurry up, or we'll have to walk home.
A. this             B. there            C. that             D. it
2. If you want to go to see the movie this evening, so ______ I.
A. do               B. am              C. will             D. should
3.—Mr Brown is a hardworking man and he has achieved great success.
—_________
A. So is Mr Green.    B. So has Mr Green.  C. It’s the same with Mr Green.
4. — Did you go to Nancy's birthday party last night? —Yes. I did.
A. So did tim   B. So tim did  C. Tim did so D. Tim went so
5.—I hope the summer vacation will come soon.
—_______.It’s really relaxing.
A. So I did        B. So I do        C. So did I          D. So do I
6.—My mother likes reading.
—__________.
A. So Lily’s mother does            B. So does Lily’s mother
C. So Lily’s mother is               D. So is Lily’s mother
7. — I have changed my job.
 —  ________ 
  A. So do I      B. So have I    C. So I do    D. So I have
8. －I haven’t seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides.
－___________.
A. Neither have I       B. So have I    C.Neither I have  D. So I have
9. – It’s an exciting movie. I’ve just seen it.
 -- _____.
A. So do I                  B. So I have                 C. So have I
10.—Peter, I will visit our teacher this sunday.
—   _______.Let’s go together.
A. Nor do I                B.I will so               C. so will I
C. So does he       D. So did he
五．there be句型：
1.There _____ an English speaking contest(演讲比赛) for middle school students in our city in early july.
A. is going to       B. will be           C. will have        D. is
2. There _______a heavy rain in beijing tomorrow.
A. is               B. will be          C. is going to have
六． 其他句式：
1. —They said sorry to me, but I wouldn’t listen. 
    —It is foolish of you ______ others for their mistakes.
A. forgive     B. not forgive    C. to forgive      D. not to forgive
2. It’s very nice __________  you __________ my parents your best wishes.
A. of; sending    B. of; to send      C. for; to send              D. for; sending
3 . — We can go to jinan railway station by bus.
—Why not ______ there for a change?
A. try walking                              B. trying to walk
C. to try and walk                                D. to try walking
4. —Bob, it’s getting cold outside. ______ take a jacket
—All right, mum.
A. Why do you     B. Why not   C. Why did you  D. Why don’t
5.—It’s very friendly ______ him to help me when I’m in trouble.
A. for                B. to                            C. of                     D. with
6.   –I feel a bit hungry now.
-- Why not _____ for dinner with us?
A. go          B. did you go       c. to go        d. do you go
8.— It’s a fine day today. how about __________?
  — Sounds great!
A. go hiking        B. go to hike     C. going hiking     D. to go to hike
9. It’s time ______ the weather report. turn on the radio, please.
A. to                     B. in                      C. at                                   D. for
七．主谓一致
1.Linda, with her parents,__ the wolf hill, and they will be back this afternoon.
A. has gone to                B. have gone to
C. has been to                D. have been to
2. Each of the girls here __________ to the west lake twice.
A. have gone      B. have been        C. has gone      D. has been
3. There _______ going to be a basketball match this afternoon.
A. are         B. is         C. have      D. will
4.— He, together with his parents ___going to visit shanghai in july. how about you?
— I'm afraid I have to stay at home _______.
A. are; on my own   B. is, by myself    C. is; by my own  D. are; on myself
5.There______ a football match on cctv-5 at nine tomorrow evening.
A. will have          B. is going to be         C. is having
6.The number of teachers in our school _______ greatly increased last term.  A number of teachers in this school ______  from the countryside.
A. was; is        B. was;  are       C. were; are        D. were; is
7.This is my twin sister, Lucy. not only she but also I ______ good at drawing.
A. is                          B. am                 C. are
8. －How much is the pair of shoes?
  －Twenty dollars ____ enough.
A. is          B. are        C. am  
9. One of my friends _______moved to america. I miss her so much.
A. has     B. have   C. is   D. are
10. —Which would you like, tea or coffee?
—Either ________ ok, but I prefer coffee _______milk.
A. is; with          B. is; to       C. are; with          D. are; to
11. Neither my father nor my mother ____ rock music. They think that it’s too ______.
A. like; noise    B. likes; noise   c. like; noisy   d. likes; noisy
12.—Do you like your new t–shirt?
—Yes. not only I but also my mother  ___________ it.
A. likes                    B. like                    C. doesn’t like
13.  - What can you see in the picture?
       - I can see a farm.  and there ______ a lot animals on it.
   A. is                B. are                C. will be               D. be
14. The head teacher with his students _______Chengshan Park if it _______tomorrow.
A. is going to; isn’t rainy           B. are going to; isn’t rainy
C. is going to; won’t rain           D. are going to; doesn’t  rain
15. —David, there _____ a dictionary and some books on your desk. please put them away.
—Ok. mum. I’ll do it right away.
A. is                    B. are                    C. has              D. have
16. – Physics _____ more difficult than chinese, do you think so?
 -- Yes, i think so.
 A. is              B. are               C. has
17. The number of books in the bookshop is about 10,000 and a number of them _______about science.
A. is    B. was    C. are    D. were
18. Ten minutes ago, there _____ an eraser, a pen and some books on the desk.
A. was                    B. were                 C. is
19.There _______  only one doctor in the hospital today.
A. is                  B. has                   C. have                 D. are
20. I can’t afford the car, five thousand dollars ______ too much for me.
A. is                                B. are                                         C. be
21. There_______ lots of people at the restaurant when 1 got there.
A. is           B. was            C. are          D. were