冠词用法小结.docx

冠词用法小结与练习(一)冠词概述冠词是限定词的一种，自己不能单独使用，只能依附于一个名词帮助说明这个名词的含义。因此冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词有三种形式：不定冠词a(an)，定冠词(the)和零冠词(即不使用冠词)。冠词用法每次中考都会出现，主要考查：(1)名词前的定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法；(2)固定搭配中的冠词用法。a，an的用法区别是常考内容。序数词前及形容词最高级前或姓氏前使用定冠词也是近年来中考的常考内容。(二)基础知识梳理1不定冠词aan的用法不定冠词用来修饰单数可数名词，指人或物中的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人何物。如：A famousastronautwill give us a talk the week after nexta用在以辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的单词前，如：a university student，a European country；an用在以元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的单词前，如：an honest girl，an underground train现将不定冠词的基本用法归纳如下：1)首次提到某人某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。如：Long long ago an old man lived in a small village2)表示“每一”的意思，常用于表示时间、速度的名词之前，相当于every。如：ten metres a second，twice a week3)也可用于不可数的物质名词和抽象名词之前，使其具体化。如：1 would like a drinkIts a great joy to live in Shanghai4)某些固定短语中，要用不定冠词。如：have a good time，in a hurry，have a break，for a while，a pair of，have a look，with a smile，take an active part in2定冠词the的用法1)指第二次提到的人或物。如：I have a dog and a catThe dog is brown and the cat is yellow2)特指某人或某物。如：The old man with thick glasses is their history teacher3)指谈话双方都知道的人或物。如：Would you mind turning down the radio，Jim? Your father is sleeping4)用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如：The third truck is carrying the fewest apples of all5)用于指世界上独一无二的事物。如：The moon is far smaller than the earth6)在江河、海洋、山脉等地理名词前及由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：theNile，the Pacific Ocean，theAlps，the Oriental Pearl7)用于表示方位的名词前。如：Shanghai is in the east of China8)用在乐器名称的前面。如：I practise the piano every day after school9)在某些形容词前加定冠词，表示一类人。如：The sick and the old should be taken good care of10)用于姓氏复数形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇两人”。如：The Wangs have worked in Pudong for almost ten years11)在某些固定短语中，需用定冠词。如：In the morning，the day after tomorrow，listen to the radio，at the moment，go to the beach，by the way3不用冠词的情况1)在球类活动、学科名称前。如：We have Chinese，maths，and English every day2)在节日、月份、四季、星期前。如：June l is Childrens DayIts Saturday todayIts late spring now3)名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或数词等。如：That handbag is in her carI have several questions to ask4)在物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。如：Milk is white(比较：The milk in the cup has gone bad这里the表示特指。)5)三餐名词前通常不用冠词，如：have supper，after breakfast，但三餐名词前如果有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词，如：a big supper，a quick breakfast等。6)在称呼、头衔、职位前。如What can I do for you，sir.7)在某些固定词组和习惯用语中。如：by motorcycleairtrain，at night，in trouble, go to church，put intojail等。4在某些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其意义有所不同。如：go to church(去做礼拜) go to the church(到那座教堂去)in class(在上课时) in the class(在班级中)in charge of(负责) in the charge of(由负责)in hospital(生病住院) in the hospital(在医院里工作或参观)at table(在吃饭) at the table(在桌子旁)take place(发生) take the place(代替)in front of(在的前面) in the front of(在前部)keep house(管理家务) keep the house(呆在家里)冠词的用法练习题1.There is a desk by the window. On_desk there is_exercise book.A.a; the B.the; the C.an; a D.the; an2.There is_hin the word honest.A.a B.the C.an D.不填3.They went to_Summer Palace yesterday and stayed there for_day.A.the; a B.the; the C.不填; a D.the; 不填4.Its_pity you wont be back before I leave.A.the B.a C.an D.不填5.Lincoln was elected_ President of _United States in 1860.A.the; the B.不填; theC.a; 不填D.不填; 不填6.She is going to play_piano at the concert this evening.A.a B.an C.the D.不填7.Most boys like playing_football.A.a B.an C.the D.不填8.Lets go and watch the children play_chess.A.a B.an C.the D.不填9._elephant is bigger than_ horse A.不填; 不填 B.an; aC.An; aD.The; a10.Is Tom going to have_X-ray check? A.a B.an C.the D.不填11.They have_rice for_lunch every day. A.不填; 不填B.the; theC.the; aD.不填; the12.We did_experiment last week. It was _useful one. A.the; the B.an; aC.an; theD.the; an13.Beijing is one of_most beautiful cities in _world. A.a; theB.the; 不填C.the; theD.不填; the14.February is_second month of the year A.a B.an C.不填 D.the15.-How did you go there?-We went there by_bus. A.a B.an C.the D.不填16._Wangswillcome to see you tomorrow A.A B.An C.The D.不填17.The students of Class One often read English early in_ morning. A.不填 B.the C.an D.a18.On the moon its too hot in_day and too cold at_night. A.the; 不填 B.the; theC.a; theD.a;19.A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometres_second. A.a B.an C.the D.不填20.The picture on_left is more beautiful than the one on _right. A.不填; 不填 B.the; theC.a; a D.an; an21.The woman took the little girl by_hand. A.a B.an C.the D.不填22.Mr. Read patted him on_shoulder. A.a B.an C.the D.不填23.All the work had to be done by_hand when there were no modern machines. A.不填 B.the C.an D.a24.We should always think of_old and_sick.A.the; the B.an; aC.不填; 不填D.the; a25.May I have _look at the book?A.a B.an C.the D.不填26.It took me_hour and_half to finish the work.A.a; a B.an; an C.a; an D.an; a27.She was in_hurry to work.A.不填 B.a C.an D.the28.My brother has an interest in drawing_horses.A.the B.an C.a D.不填29.Sam is_man easy to get along with.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an30.Europe and America are separated by_ Atlantic Ocean.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an31.The largest landmass is usually divided into two continents along_Ural Mountains.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an32.There are only_few mistakes in your composition. Dont make_same ones again, please.A.a; the B.a; a C.the; the D.不填; 不填33.Henry is fond of playing_piano while Alice is interested in listening to _ music.A.不填; .theB.the ; 不填C.the; theD.不填; 不填34.What_weatherwe are having today!A.a B.the C.不填 D.an35.Tom met his old school friend on his way_home from China.A.a B.the C.不填 D.an36.Spring is_best season of the year. Autumn is_busy season.A.a; a B.the; the C.a; the D.the; a37.Lets go and have_walk around_garden.A.a; the B.the; the C.a; a D.the; a38.Children usually go to_school at _age of sixA.the; the B.a ; the C.不填; the D.a; a39.At last we got to_place where Chairman Mao had once lived.A.a B.an C.不填 D.the40.Sam is_man to speak at the meeting tomorrow.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an41.Birds can fly high in_sky.A.不填 B.the C.a D.an42.Taiwan is_island, it is_largest island of China.A.a; the B.the; the C.an ; the D.an; a43.It is cold in_winter. And_days are shorter.A.不填; theB.the; theC.the; 不填D.a; the44.Were there is_will there is_wayA.the; the B.a; aC.a; theD.the; a45.The workers in that factory are paid by_hour.A.a B.an C.the D.不填46._Chinese are_hardworkingpeople.A.The; theB.不填; aC.不填; 不填D.the; a47.He bought_dictionary_last week.A.the; theB.a; 不填C.a; theD.the; a48.They always have_breakfast in the factoryA.a B.an C.the D.不填49.Tom is_8-year-old boy.A.a B.an C.the D.不填50._sun rises in _rest.A.The; theB.The; 不填 C.A; theD.不填; 不填答案：1.D 2.C3.A 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.B 21.C 22.A 23.A 24.A 25.A 26.D 27.B 28.D 29.C 30.B 31.B 32.A 33.B 34.C 35.C 36.D37.A 38.C 39.D 40.B 41.B 42.C 43.C 44.B 45.C 46.D47.B 48.D 49.B 50.A