英语四级考试须知及题型分析.pptx

,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,四级考场时间安排,考试时间,9,：,00,11,：,20,8,：,45,考生入场,9,：,00,发答题卡,1,和,2,9,：,10,考试正式开始，考生做写作部分,9,：,40,完成快速阅读理解部分,9,：,55,收答题卡一，最后的调试试音，准备听力（预览选项）,四级考场时间安排,考试时间,9,：,00,11,：,20,10,：,00,10,：,35,听力,(35min),10,：,35,11,：,20,仔细阅读,选词填空,完型填空或改错（二选一）（,15min,）,收试题册,翻译（,5min,）,11,：,20,收答题卡二,应对策略,1,）作文的时候，没有试题册，这样会避免考生从试题册中寻找相关的英语表达抄到作文中。,2,）注意作文和快速阅读后要收答题卡一，然后才能开始做后面的试题。学生平常练习时应注意每部分时间的控制，在规定的时间内完成规定的项目，不要跨区做题，这样才能适应考场要求。,3,）在,9,：,45,10,：,00,之间收答题卡一和最后试音时间时可以预览听力部分的选项，建议考生要充分利用这段时间,扫描,passage,部分,的选项，弄清三篇,文章的主题,，至于短对话第一题的四个选项在播音前,6,秒看还来得及。,4,）注意听力测试三个,section,前,没有指令,，直接播放题目。考生听时需要集中注意力，不要错过重要的信息点。,5,）做翻译题时，试题册已经收上去，避免考生从试题册中找单词的拼写或习惯用语。,四 级 作 文,共,30,分钟,用,5,分钟左右仔细审题，根据重点列出提纲。,用,20-22,分钟左右的时间写文章。,在写作时，一定要注意：,1,）文章结构清晰，语言条理清楚，,2,）亮点偶尔闪现，包括单词的准确与变化，句子结构的多样化，合理的过渡词的使用等等。,最后，用,3-5,分钟检查修改文章，尤其注意,时态,和,单复数,的错误。,作 文：,三个应该注意的问题,（一）卷面整洁，书写清楚,1,、齐头式卷面：段与段之间空一行，全部向左边靠。,2,、写错的地方可以用透明胶带粘干净。,3,、用黑笔做。,（二）构思简单，少犯错误,容易犯的两个错误：,1,、,名词,：单数可数名词前加,a/an,，复数加,s,。,不知道的解决方法：所有名词前面都加,the,。,2,、,主谓语错误,：从句出现多个谓语。注意主谓搭配得当,作 文：,三个应该注意的问题,（三）中心明确，层次分明,每段第一句都是中心句，从提纲变过来。下面加逻辑词一、二、三。,eg.,除夕的春节联欢晚会,如何拿高分？变化式拿高分，而不是用词用句难。,eg.,学生,-,年轻人,-,学习者,开头结尾各自背,5-7,句，用自己熟悉的语言。,eg.,名言：生存或者死亡，这是一个问题。,作文 框架,正反观点对比题目,第一段一般只写三句。,第一句：,It is widely believed by many people for some time that.,第二句：,One reason they think is that.,第三句：,The other reason they hold is that.,第二段一般只写三句,。,第一句：,While others argue that.,第二句：,They maintain that.,第三句：,They also claim that.,作文 框架,正反观点对比题目,第三段写四句,。,第一句：,From what has been discussed above,we may come to the conclusion that.,第二句：,On the one hand,.,第三句：,On the other hand,.,第四句：,Only in this way can we.,图表作文,第一段只写三句,：,第一句：,As is shown in the graph above,we can see clearly that great changes have taken place in fromto,第二句：,The first years saw,第三句：,The last years witnessed,第二段只写四句：,第一句：,What has caused this problem?It seems to me that there are reasons.,第二句：,Firstly,第三句：,Secondly,第四句：,Finally,图表作文,第三段只写四句,：,第一句：,How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.,第二句：,For one thing,第三句：,For another,第四句：,Only in this way can we successfully solve the problem.,现象作文,第一段只写两句：,第一句：,In recent years,there has been,第二句：,How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.,第二段只写四句：,第一句：,What has caused this problem?It seems to me that there are reasons.,第二句：,Firstly,第三句：,Secondly,第四句：,Finally,现象作文,第三段只写四句：,第一句：,How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.,第二句：,For one thing,第三句：,For another,第四句：,Only in this way can we successfully solve the problem.,书信作文,第一段只写两句：,第一句：,I am writing this letter today to,第二句：,My name is and I am,第二段按照题目要求写：,第三段只写三句,：,第一句：,I sincerely hope you can take my letter seriously.,第二句：,Your prompt response will be highly appreciated.,第三句：,Thanks a lot for your time and consideration.,谚语作文,第一段只写四句：,第一句：,It is that,第二句：,You cannot until you,第三句：,The more you,the more,第四句：,If you,you,第二段举例写,：,第一句：,Examples can be easily found to make a case for this proverb.,第二句：,Lets take for instance.,第三句：,Another illustration of this is,记叙文,一描述事件,when,时间，,place,地点，,who,人物，事件的经过（自己努力编故事）,二描述地点,Location,population,advantages and disadvantages,main attractions,climate,etc.,四六级写作模板,写作推荐,关键词汇,及,短语,快 速 阅 读,题型,：,在,15,分钟内,阅读,1200,个单词的文章,做完,10,个题目,前,7,题,-,判断正误或未提及，,后,3,题,-,根据文章内容把句子补充完整。,提示,：,了解文章大意,寻找重要细节,快 速 阅 读,1,）,看题目定方向,。,由于时间比较紧张，我们必须带着目的在原文有选择有方向地读文章。这要求考生先看题目再看文章。题目中的,时间数字,或,专有名词,，是最应利用的信号。,如果没有这些信号，可以根据题目的,中心话题,在原文寻读。比如样题中快速阅读部分第一题是,“,The passage gives a general description of the structure and use of a landfill,”,看完题目可知此题考文章的大意，所以看文章时可以不顾细节，看一下各部分的,小标题,即可。再如第二题是,“,Most of the trash that Americans generate ends up in landfills,”,这个题目明显是涉及美国人大部分垃圾怎样处理的话题，所以看文章时就要重点关注含有美国人和大部分垃圾的话题。,快 速 阅 读,2,）,主次分明看文章,。,在原文搜索相关信号时，,各段首末,应该是阅读重点，另外,转折、比较,等重要语言现象都是重要的出题点。,相反，同义说明的内容，举例的内容，人物身份说明的内容，含有大串专有名词或数字的内容，都是我们略读的部分。,3,）,正误判断有陷阱,。,就答题而言，要注意前,7,题的答案有三种可能，,正确、错误,或,未提及,。以往的四级阅读中，如果一个选项的内容是文章没有提到的，就会认定是错误答案，所以考生没有选择,“,未提及,”,的习惯，很容易错误。不过涉及未提及的题目一般不会太多。,快 速 阅 读,4,）,补充题目靠原文,。,快速阅读的最后三题是补充完整的题目，要求填写的只是个别单词。而这些单词一般是,原文中的单词,，所以只要考生找到了原文的相关信息，就可以填写正确。,注意,：快速阅读的,10,个题目总体是按照顺序在原文设置答案，但是个别补充完整的题目可能会打乱出题顺序。,四 级 听 力,第一部分,-,对话,包括,8,个 短对话（对应的有,8,个题目）；,2,篇 长对话（对应有,7,个题）,；,第二部分,-,三篇短文,共,10,个题目,第三部分,-,复合式听力,词汇听写,8,个，句子听写,3,句。,四 级 听 力,提示,：,1,）复合式听力越来越鼓励考生注意在生活中积累单词。,2,）从样题复合式听力的新闻体裁来分析，建议考生平时养成收听,VOA,、,BBC,等英文节目的习惯。,3,）要更加强调短期记忆的能力以及正确拼写单词的能力。,翻译 练习,1,I have had great deal of trouble_.(,跟得上班上的其他同学,),2,_(,我们没有人料到主席会出现,)at the party.We thought he was still in hospital.,3.A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,_(,正如预料的那样,).,4.Most doctors recognize that medicine is as much_(,是一门科学，也是一门艺术,).,5.Some women _(,本来能够挣一份很好的工资,)in a job instead of staying home,but they decided not to work for the sale of the family.,翻译 练习,6,Over a third of the population was estimated_(,无法获得,)to the health service.,7.Although punctual himself,the professor was quite used_(,习惯了学生迟到,)his lecture.,8.The price of beer_(,从,50,美分到,4,美元不等,)per liter during the summer season.,9.Wed like _(,预订一张餐桌,)five for dinner this evening.,10.Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_(,想找麻烦,).,翻译 练习,11.It may be necessary to stop_(,每隔,时间,)in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.,12.The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _(,伤害自己,).,13.Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was_(,忙着准备,)her examination.,14.The ships generator broke down and the pumps_(,不得不用手工操作,)instead of mechanically.,15.Why didnt you tell me you could me the money?I_(,本来不必从银行借钱的）,翻译 练习,16,By the time you get to New York,I_(,已经动身去,)London.,17.Buying clothes_(,是一件很耗时的工作,),because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her.,18.Its time_(,采取措施,)about the traffic problem downtown.,19.When I was very young,I was terribly frightened of school,but I soon_(,克服了这种心理,).,20.Please dont stand in the kitchen,youre_,（挡路了）,.,翻译 练习,21,There was a knock at the door.It was the second time someone _(,打扰我,)that evening.,22._(,正是由于她太没有经验,)that she does not know how to deal with the situation.,23.When I _(,发现他骗我,)I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.,24.The manager would rather his daughter_(,不在一个办公室内工作,).,25.The sports meet originally due to be held last Friday_(,最终因天气不好而取消了,).,翻译 练习,26,I_(,将在做实验,)from three to five this afternoon.,27.How close parents are to their children_ _(,有很强的影响,)the character of the children.,28.But for his help,I _(,我不可能这么早完成,).,29.His remarks left me _(,想知道他的真实目的,).,30.Mark often_(,试图逃脱罚款,)whenever he breaks traffic regulations.,翻译 练习,31,If this cant be settled reasonably,it may be necessary to_(,诉助武力,).,32.The room is in a terrible mess;it _,（肯定没打扫过）,.,33.Everybody knows he_,（受到了冤枉指控）,.,34.He wears a pair of sunglasses_,（惟恐被别人认出来）,.,35.She never dreams of _(,被派到国外,).,翻译 练习,36.If you wont agree to our plan,_(,他们也不会同意,),.,37.I should say Henry is _(,与其说是个作家不如说是,)as a reporter.,38._(,信不信由你,),his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.,39.If you dont like to swim,you _(,不妨待在家里,).,40.Please be careful when you are drinking coffee in case you_(,弄脏了新地毯,).,翻译 练习,41,Frankly speaking,Id rather you _(,不采取任何措施,)about it for the time being.,42.In the Chinese household,grandparents and other relatives_(,起着不可缺少的作用,)in raising children.,43.John seems a nice person,_(,即使这样,),I dont trust him.,44.The fifth generation computers,with artificial intelligence,_(,正在研制,)and perfected now.,45.What a lovely party!Its worth_(,牢记一生,).,翻译 练习,46,Though you stay in the sea for weeks,you will not_(,失去联系,)the outside world.,47.Cancer is _(,仅次于,)heart disease as a cause of death.,48.It is a pity that we should stay at home when we have _(,这么好的天气,).,49.I would _(,不会诉诸法律,)a court of law if I hadnt been so desperate.,50.John cannot afford to go to the university,_(,更不用说出国了,).,翻译 练习,51,I dont mind your_(,你延期做出决定,)the decision as long as it is not too late.,52.I suggested he _,（使自己适应）,his new conditions.,53.I have no objection_,（再听听你的故事）,.,54.This popular sports car_,（正在生产出来）,out at the rate of a thousand a week.,55._,（请你找张空白纸）,and write your name at the top?,选择 填空,I.,考点分析：,考试形式,：与传统考题的完形相似，但十个空格有,A,到,O,十五个选项，要求考生选择正确的单词填入文章。,Tip,：考的就是在上下文中猜测词义的能力,所以这种考察不是莫名其妙的，而是为了纠正我们词汇学习中的一大误区：只知背，不会猜。,b,选择 填空,II.,解题方法,一、尽量辨性,把十五个选项按词性分别归入,名词、动词、形容词、副词,等类别。辨性要注意下面几点。,1.,动词还要两分，那就是,谓语和非谓语动词,。所谓非谓语动词，就是,-ing,-ed,to do,型的，其它的都是谓语动词。但,-ed,型的有两种可能性，无法确定的要先打问号。,2.,记不得的，看后缀。有构词法中，前缀管意思，后缀管词性。所以看一个词的尾巴，往往能大致分出词性。请参照附件“英语后缀”。,3.,分不出的，词性不一定无法确定的，暂时搁置，不必赌气誓死纠缠，结果可能把自己缠死。,4.,作出相应的标记。可直接用自己最清楚的符号清楚标在每个词前后。不清楚的都标问号。,以真题为例，其选项如下：,A)estimate,；,B)strength,；,C)deliberately,；,D)notify,；,E)tropical,；,F)phenomenon,；,G)stable,；,H)attraction,；,I)completely,；,J)destructive,；,K)starvation,；,L)bringing,；,M)exhaustion,；,N)worth,；,O)strike,名词：,B,F,H,K,M(B,的后缀,th,H,、,K,、,M,的,tion,都是名词后缀,),谓语动词：,A,D,O(-ate,极可能是动词，,f,为动词后缀,),非谓语动词：,L(-ing,结尾,),形容词：,E,G,J,N(E,的,-cal,G,的,able,J,的,tive,是形容词后缀,),副词：,C,和,I(ly,加在形容词后为副词后缀,),注意：所谓的“尽量辨性”一是要穷尽一切办法，不要说不认识就拉倒。即使从没见过，也想办法看能否判断其词性，这也是阅读中的要旨。词的性质有时比词义还重要。第二是尽量辨了就行，不一定每个都能辨出来。词的性质并不总是固定的，有些不认识的又没其它办法，可先搁置，不要过度纠缠。,二、灵活求解,将选项分类之后，就得从文章中来寻找对应的线索了。,选项与文章匹配的因素有两个,:,1),词性,2),词义,所以在读文章时，要通过各种手段来确定空格的词性与意义。,1.,确定词性，确定在选项中的选择范围,1),关于动词的判断,a),前后都是名词短语，中间是动词,b),根据一句,(,包括从句,),有且只有一个谓动的原则，其它地方如无谓语动词，则需要谓语动词；反之则不需要谓语动词。,Nowadays,weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will 55,but.(will,后面必然是原形动词，一起构成谓语,),Scientists 54 this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.(,此句后只有一个,to be,，是非谓语动词，故空格必为谓语动词；且空格前后均为名词性，也基本确定它是动词。,),1.,确定词性，确定在选项中的选择范围,2),其它词的判断,l,形容词或名词修饰名词，限定词,(the,this,that,a,my,之类,),后必有名词,This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.(,这个,/,种奇怪的？，当然要一个名词了,),The hot,humid(,潮湿的,)air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms.(,严重的？风暴，可能是形容词，也可能是名词,),El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months.The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history.(,前面是最高级的修饰语，自然是形容词。,),1.,确定词性，确定在选项中的选择范围,一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。,The rainfall is increased across South America,50 floods to Peru.(,前面是一个完整的句子，逗号后跟的，一般是非谓语动词短语。此题选项中非谓语动词只有一个，故直选之。,),1.,确定词性，确定在选项中的选择范围,副词修饰形容词或动词,but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.(,修饰形容词,sure,当为副词,),谓语动词前有名词主语,This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.(happens,是谓语动词，也可知前面为名词短语，缺一个核心名词。,),介词后面必有名词,As the trade winds lessen in 48,the ocean temperatures rise,causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 C.,(,在介词,in,的后面，当为名词无疑，注意要搞清楚，,in,有多种意义，此处整个短语来修饰,lessen,减少，当为在某个方面减少。,),二、句里句外，猜测词义,一看搭配：主谓宾、主系表与修饰,词直接的搭配关系决定着词的意义。所以先看它被谁修饰，与谁形成主谓宾关系。看一种关系不行就看另一个，灵活处之。,This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.,Strange,修饰,47,，也许看不出来是什么，再看,47,与,happen,形成主谓关系，能够发生的是什么？最好的当然是现象。,二、句里句外，猜测词义,二看逻辑：,1.,句内,(,状语从句，解释，并列等,),As the trade winds lessen in 48,the ocean temperatures rise,causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 C.,此句有一个状语从句，,as,表示的时间或因果关系，是重要的解题线索。风的什么减少，温度就下降，当然是风的速度或风力。,So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and 51.,空格与前面两个名词并列，意味着意思相类。与干旱、收成不好一家的，很容易选出,starvation,饥荒,.,二、句里句外，猜测词义,2.,前文,(,指代等、句间连词,),This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.,This,告诉我们，此处是重提前面讲到过的某个东西。前面讲到过的核心概念就是,El Nino,无疑是一种天气“现象”。,表示可从前文找相应线索的有两类。,与,this,一大类的还有,：,This/these/such;the same/similar;worse/better/more/less,等。,还有就是表示逻辑关系的句间连词，或者叫连接副词。主要的如下。,递进,：,Moreover/furthermore/whatmore/besides/in addition/even/also,转折,：,however/but/rather/instead,因果,：,therefore/consequently/accordingly/thus/hence,二、句里句外，猜测词义,3.,后文,(,总分,),El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months.The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history.Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage.,段落开始部分，提出一个总的概括性的说法。往往在下文有分述。,El Nino,究竟带来的是什么样的天气，后面一句就交代得十分清楚。,三看习惯用法：固定搭配,Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage.,此处考的是,worth,这个词的特殊用法。它本是一个形容词，但可用？,worth of sth,来表明价值某物的某东西。,III.,总结,选择填空考的是猜测词义的能力，其核心在于通过各种线索来确定词性和意义，从而实现成功匹配。解题方法也相应产生。,先通过词的后缀等对选项进行合理的分类，分不出的可先模糊处理。,再通过文章逐一确定空格所需要的词性和意义。它需要看句子中此词所处的位置，它的周边环境。,有时甚至需要跳出此句，看前文或后文。如指代词,/,句间连词告诉我们要向前寻找；而段首的抽象表达可能要从下文找到钥匙。,附一：四级常用后缀,附二：真题及参考答案,Wish You Successful!,祝大家考试成功！,