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P22. 已知板桩下端为自由支承,土的性质如图2-18所示。基坑开挖深度h=10m,锚杆位置在地面下d=2m,锚杆设置间距a=2.5m。计算锚碇式板桩墙的入土深度t、拉杆拉力T以及板桩的最大弯矩值。
The bottom of sheet pile wall is free supporting and soil property is shown as figure 2.18. The cutting depth of excavation pit is 10m, and the position of anchor arm is 2m under the ground and its space is 2.5m. Calculate embedded depth t of anchored sheet piling, tensile force T of the arm and the maximum bending moment of sheet pile wall.
解:朗金主、被动土压力系数分别为(active and Passive soil pressure coefficients of Rankine are as following:)
设板桩墙入土深度为t
(Assume embedded depth of sheet pile wall t)
则
(Then)
根据锚定点O的力矩平衡得
(according to of anchored point )
解得(So) t=5.1m(或5.069)
由平衡(Similarly)
设最大弯矩位于地面下深度,则该处的剪力为0,即
(Assume the maximum bending moment depth under the ground.
So the shear force of the position equals to 0
解得 (So) t=8.1
The maximum bending moment:
解:基础的荷载组合为
恒载竖直
其他可变载荷
主要组合
附加组合
一、地基承载力验算
1.持力层承载力验算
基底压力
主要组合
附加组合
持力层承载力修正
由表查得持力层
满足要求。
2. 下卧层承载力验算
下卧层为一般粘性土,由
基底至下卧层顶面距离z=5.3m, 则a/b=3.19, z/b=1.71
由《公路基规》查表得附加应力系数,因z/b>1
基底压应力取平均值,
而下卧层顶面容许承载力计算中, 满足要求。
二、合力偏心距计算
1.仅受恒载时应满足
满足要求。
2. 考虑附加组合
均满足要求。
三、基础稳定性验算
1. 倾覆稳定性验算
由上面计算看出,考虑浮力作用附加组合最为不利,有
满足要求
2. 滑动稳定性验算
考虑浮力作用下的附加组合为最不利组合,查表得
满足要求。
力公式推导
由
或由竖向力由n根桩分担,每根桩分担,等价弯矩
(上述公式中坐标轴正向取正,负向取负)
最后各桩中心处产生的应力为
第四章习题答案
(1)桩长确定(已知条件荷载为设计荷载,即为已乘分项系数后的值,分项系数本题规定为1.3)
设桩埋地下深度为h, 单桩承载力
单桩轴向承载力检验:满足要求。
(2)桩的内力计算、位移计算
桩的计算宽度
桩顶刚度系数
已知
计算承台底面原点o处位移
计算每根桩上
地面处桩承受的最大力为
地面处横向位移验算
已知
换土垫层习题答案
某小桥桥台为刚性扩大基础2m×8m×1m(厚),基础埋深1m,地基土为流塑粘性土,,基底平均附加压力为160kPa,拟采用砂垫层,请确定砂垫层厚度及平面尺寸(假定砂的重度为,地基土的容许承载力为150kPa)。
Little bridge abutment has rigid spread foundation of 2m width, 8m length and 1m thickness and its embedded depth is 1m.The ground soil is flow plastic clay and indexes is shown as . Average additional pressure of foundation bottom equals to 160kPa. Design the thickness and plane sizes of sand cushion if sand cushion will be applied please(assume: ).
解:⑴砂垫层厚度的确定
Solution: (1) Assure the thickness of sand cushion
假定砂垫层的厚度hs=2m
Assume the thickness of sand cushion(hs)equals to 2m
则下卧层顶面即砂垫层底面的附加应力为:
Then additional stress of the bottom of sand cushion is as following:
砂垫层重力(Gravity of cushion):
基坑回填土的重力为(Gravity of backfill soil):
Due to no depth amendment,
满足设计要求,故砂垫层厚度确定为2m。
So, assure the thickness of sand cushion equals to 2m
⑵砂垫层平面尺寸的确定
(Assure plane sizes of sand cushion )
砂垫层平面尺寸应为:
Plane sizes of sand cushion is as following:
L=l+2hstanθ=8+2×2×tan30=10.3m
B=b+2hstanθ=2+2×2×tan30=4.3m
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