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形容词和副词的基本用法
A.形容词:就是用来修饰名词或不定代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。如:
1. This is a new pen. 这是支新钢笔。(形容词new作名词pen定语)
2. These oranges taste ________.
A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well
【分析】答案选A。系动词taste(尝起来)后要接形容词作表语。
3. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ________.
A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening
【分析】答案选A。形容词open(开着的)作宾补,表示状态。注意:不要选答案D,因为open是短暂性动词,不能表状态。
B.副词:就是修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。如:
It’s raining heavily. 雨下得很大。(副词heavily修饰谓语动词)
It’s a rather interesting job. 这是一份相当有趣的工作。(副词rather修饰形容词interesting)
She speaks English very well. 她的英语说得很好。(副词very修饰副词well)
This is just what he said. 这正是他所说的。(副词just修饰what he said)
注:here, there, in, out, away, abroad等少数副词也可以作表语;here, there, home, abroad, below等表示地点或方位的词及today, tomorrow, yesterday, back, out等表示时间或动词方向词还可以作定语。如:
Tom isn’t here. 汤姆不在这里。(here作表语)
The people there were very kind to us. 那里的人对我们很友好。(副词there作定语,修饰people)
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