山东省济南市2021-2022上学期高一上学期期末考试英语试题-附解析.docx

济南市2022年1月高一年级学情检测英语试题本试卷共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结 束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the weather like now?A. Cloudy, B. Sunny. C. Snowy.2. Where did the man spend the holiday?A. In Italy. B. In America.C. In England.3. Why was the father awarded?A. For being clever.B. For being brave.C. For being creative.4. What happened to the woman in high school?A. She became a football fan.B. She got poor grades. C. She got hurt.5. What is probably the woman speaker?A. A teacher. B. A policewoman. C. A doctor.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where are the speakers?A. In a cafe. B. In an office. C. In a garden.7. Why does the man want to work from home tomorrow?A. To stay with his dog.B. To avoid the bad weather.C. To sit in the garden.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. How docs the woman learn best?A. Through seeing. B. Through listening. C. Through touch.9. Whal does the man think of the art show?A. He loves it.B. He cannot follow it.C. He thinks it boring.10. What will the woman do later? 个男孩打了一架）”可知，本句是在说明导致作者很疼的原因：脸上有瘀伤。F选项“我对着镜子，检查我 的脸上的瘀伤”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据上文It didnt take long fbr the bigger boys to pull us apart and call it a draw, but in truth I had lost.（没过多久， 那些大男孩就把我们拉开，说我们打成平局，但事实上我输了）”以及后文“We hadntialked since the fighi either but only looked coldly at each other from across the room.（打架之后我们也没说过话，只是隔着房间冷冷 地看着对方）”可知，上文提到了作者和男孩打架之后被拉开，本句应当是说明打架的人是谁以及作者为什 么输了，G选项“另一个男孩打了我好儿下，我的头到现在还疼”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据后文I knew my Mom was bringing some of her homemade pizzas as a treat for my brother, me, and our friends. Soon I saw her walking 叩 the sidewalk towards the steps of our cabin.（我知道妈妈会带-些她自制的披萨给我哥 哥、我和我们的朋友。不久，我看见她沿着人行道朝我们小屋的台阶走去）”可知，后文提到妈妈要来送披 萨，推测作者对此感到高兴。A选项“尽管如此，今天早上我的心情还是很好”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文I saw her smile as my brother and his friends all took the big pieces.（我哥哥和他的朋友们都拿走了大 块，我看到她笑 了）以及后文I thanked her with a smile and started to cat when 1 saw my fight opponent standing off to the side by himself.（当我看到我的对手独自站在一边时，我笑着谢了她，开始吃东西）”可知，上文提 到作者的哥哥和朋友拿走了披萨，后文提到作者感谢母亲，可知本句是在说明母亲把披萨也留给了作者。E 选项“尽管如此，她还是确保把最后两块留给了我”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文I thanked her with a smile and started to eat when I saw my fight opponent standing off to the side by himself. In that moment something moved in my heart.（当我看到我的对手独自站在一边时，我笑着谢了她，开 始吃东西。在那一亥iJ，我的心里有个东西在动）”以及后文“ Wc talked and laughed and ate. And for some reason unknown to me at the time, the pizza tasted better than ever before.（我们边吃边说笑。出于某种我当时不知道的 原因，比萨的味道比以往任何时候都好）”可推知，作者看到对手独自站在边时，心里有所触动，所以给 了对手一块披萨，D选项“我走到他面前，给了他一块”符合语境，故选D。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。After a rough week, all I wanted was a good rest. I went to the beach nearby for some 21 time with myself. Il was a lovely, warm weekend in California, kids joyfully 22 in the water, or building sandcastles.As I was leaving, I 23 a girl playing by herself. She built a little sandcastle with a moat （护城河） around it and was trying to fill it with water. Unfortunately, there was no 24 around to carry water. She would go to the waves, 25 her hands and then walk back to her little castle. 26 not much of the water was making it to the moat. But she kept trying, still smiling and 27. As I was standing there watchingher, feeling helpless, I 28 that I had a bottle of waler in my bag. I quickly 29, look it out, andwalked over to 30 it to her. Confused at first, she smiled but 31 her head shyly, saying no. I told her that it would make getting the water much faster. She 32 and finally took it from my hands after I insisted （坚持）,Looking back, I saw her running over to the sea with a big smile, 33 in hand.For me, it was a tiny 34. But I also know that when she meets someone in need, maybe, she wouldthink of this little act of kindness by a 35. And maybe she would help create a little gentler world around21.A.crazyB.freeC.busyD.hard22.A.playingB.sleepingC.washingD.skiing23.A.observedB.caughtC.heardD.noticed24.A.bowlB.boxC.container1）.spoon25.A.raiseB.cupC.washD.wave26A.SadlyB.LuckilyC.AmazinglyD.Surprisingly27.A.lonelyB.honestC.safeD.hopeful28.A.believedB.decidedC.realizedD.expected29.A.dug inB.set offC.picked upD.gave away30.A.explainB.handC.throwD.point31.A.hungB.heldC.noddedD.shook32.A.smiledB.openedC.failedD.promised33.A.castleB.packC.bottle1）.bag34.A.experienceB.actC.ideaD.change35.A.designerB.fishermanC.strangerD.friend【答案121. B22. A23. D 24. C25. B26. A 27. D28. C29. C 30. Bher.31.32. A33. C34. B35. CD【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者去海边放松，偶遇一个小女孩搭城堡，但没有容器盛水，作者用随 身带着的水瓶帮助了小女孩的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去了附近的海滩享受自由时光。A. crazy疯狂的；B.frcc自由的；C. busy忙 碌的；D. hard艰难的。根据前文“all I wanted was a good rest（我只想好好休息一下）”可知，作者去海滩放 松休息了。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个在加利福尼亚的可爱温暖的周末，孩子们在水里快乐地嬉戏，或者建 造沙堡。A. playing 玩耍；B. sleeping 睡觉；C. washing 洗；D. skiing 滑雪。根据 “in the water” 可知，“playing 玩要”符合常识和句意。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我准备离开时，我注意到一个女孩在独自玩耍。A. observed观察；B. caught 抓住；C. heard听到；D. noticed看到。根据句意可知，作者准备走了，无意间看到了一个小女孩。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，附近没有容器来装水。A. bowl碗；B. box箱子；C. container容器；D. spoon勺子。根据uto carry water可知，小女孩需要容器来盛水。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会走向海浪，用手捧些水，然后走回她的小城堡。A. raise举起：B. cup使（手） 窝成杯状；C. wash洗；D. wave挥动。根据前文可知，没有盛水的容器，所以小女孩用手捧水。故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，没有多少水流入护城河。A. Sadly令人遗憾地；B. Luckily幸运地； C. Amazingly令人惊奇地；D. Surprisingly出乎意料地。根据句意可知，用手是捧不来很多水的，所以令人 感到遗憾。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她继续尝试，仍然微笑着充满希望。A. lonely孤独的：B. honest诚实的； C. safe安全的；D. hopeful充满希望的。根据句意可知,小女孩没有放弃，结合“still smiling”可知，小女 孩满怀希望地继续捧水。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我站在那里看着她感到无助时，我意识到我的包里有一瓶水。A. believed相信； B. decided决定；C. realized意识到；D. expected期望。根据句意可知，作者想起来自己背包里有瓶水。故 选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我迅速地拿起背包，取出那瓶水，然后走过去递给她。A. dug in挖；B.set o仟出 发；C. picked up拿起;D. gave away赠送。由“in my bag”可知，作者拿起书包找那瓶水。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迅速地拿起背包，取出那瓶水，然后走过去递给她。A. explain解释；B. hand递给：C. throw扔；D. point指。根据“ittoher”可知，作者拿出水瓶递给小女孩。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初她很困惑，然后笑了笑，害羞地摇了摇头，说不用了。A. hung挂起；B. held 抓住；C. nodded点头；D. shook摇头。根据“saying no”可知,小女孩拒绝了我的帮助。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的坚持下，她微笑着最终从我手中接过了它。A. smiled微笑；B. opened打 开；C. failed失败：D. promised承诺。根据后文“with a big smile”的提示可知，小女孩笑着接过了水瓶。 故选Ao【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回过头看，我看见她手里拿着瓶子，带着灿烂的笑容跑向大海。A. castle城堡； B. pack包装；C. bottle瓶子；D. bag书包。根据“in hand”及前文作者给小女孩水瓶可知，小女孩手里拿着 水瓶。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这只是一个小小的举动。A. experience经历；B. act行为；C. idea主意;D. change 改变。后文“this liule act of kindness” 中“act” 原词再现。故选 B【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我也知道，当她遇到需要帮助的人时，也许她会想到陌生人的这一小小举动。 A. designer设计者;B. fisherman渔夫;C. stranger陌生人；D. friend朋友。根据前文可知，作者跟小女孩并 不认识，因此对于小女孩来说，作者是一位陌生人。故选C。【点睛】第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Adam was a freshman in senior high school and he thought it was 36 (challenge) to get used to high school life. He went to the school counsellor 37 advice on courses to be selected. He tried extra-curricular activities, such as 38 (help) in the soup kitchen and doing sports 39 (obvious), he was a good student.【答案36. challenging 37. for 38. helping39. Obviously【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了高一新生Adam在学校生活中面临的挑战。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：他认为适应高中生活很有挑战性。设空处前为was,设空处应为形容词作表语，it为形 式主语，指代“to get used to high school life,(适应高中生活。)”应用形容词表语，表示事物的特征。故填 challengingo【37题详解】考查介词。句意：他向学校的辅导员寻求有关选课的建议。固定句式go to sb for advice征求某人的意见。故 填 fOFo【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他尝试了一些课外活动，比如在厨房帮忙和做运动。设空处在句中作非谓语，such as后接动名词作宾语。故填helpingo【39题详解】考查副词。句意：显然，他是个好学生。设空处在句中作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词的形式。故填Obviously。B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Written Chinese 40 (date) back to the use of kmggu carved with symbols. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. In the Qin Dynasty, as the states were united into one country, the writing system 41 (develop) in one direction. Today, the Chinese writing system is an important part of Chinese culture, 42 helps international students appreciate China more.【答案】40. datesdeveloped41. which【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。对汉字的书写体系进行了简单的介绍和说明。【40题详解】考查时态。句意：汉字的书写可以追溯到使用龙骨雕刻的符号。分析句子成分可知，设空处缺少谓语，主 语是Written Chinese,为第三人称单数形式，短语date back to表示“追溯到”，时态通常用一般现在时。故填 dates o41题详解】考查时态。句意：秦朝时统一了各国，书写体系也向同一个方向发展。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少谓语，根据In the Qin Dynasty可知，时态为一般过去时。故填developedo【42题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：如今，汉字书写体系是中国文化的重要组成部分，它帮助国际学生更多地了 解和欣赏中国。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Chinese writing system, 指物，在从句中作主语，因而用which引导。故填which。【点睛】C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Big challenges can sometimes lead to great43 (solution), and the Aswan Dam Project is a ease in point.Countries worked together 44 (build) the Aswan Dam and protect the cultural relics as well. When (he project ended in 1980, it was considered as 45 great success.【答案】43. solutions44. to build 45. a【解析】【分析】这是-篇说明文。文章介绍了挑战会带来好的解决办法的个成功事例。【详解】1.考查名词发数。句意：巨大的挑战有时会带来很好的解决方案，阿斯旺大坝工程就是一个很好的 例子。根据下文中“ the Aswan Dam Project is a case ”，列举了具体的一个事例，所以空白处提到的解决方法 应该为复数含义。故填solutions考查非谓语动词。句意：各国合作建造了阿斯旺大坝，并保护了文物。分析可知(build) the AswanDam”在句中为Fl的状语，指多个国家共同协作的Fl的，所以此处填不定式。故填to buildo 考查冠词。句意：当这个项目在1980年结束时，它被认为是巨大的成功。success成功的事”为可数名 词，结合句意，此处指阿斯旺大坝的建成是一个伟大的成功，所以此处用不定冠词，great发音以辅音音素 开头，故填a。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共10小题；每小题1,5分，满分15分)根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。46. Im writing to ato be one volunteer of the coming Winter Olympic Games,(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】叩ply#pply【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：我写信想申请成为即将到来的冬季奥运会的志愿者。结合句意及首字母提示可知，空白处的含义为中请apply”中请”为动词，结合设空前不定式to,故填apply oIn the face of difficulties in learning, I wont（假装）to have known it.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】pretend【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在学习的困难面前，我不会假装己经知道了。表示假装应用动词pretend,结合空前的助动词won、可知，此处为一般将来时，空处需填动词原形。故填pretend47. He encourages me to（主修）in English in college.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】major【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他鼓励我在大学主修英语。表示“主修应用动词major, encourage sb. to dosth.为固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，空处需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填major。48. After all his hard work, Tony now has（信心）to pass the English exam.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】confidence#faith【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：经过努力学习，托尼现在有信心通过英语考试。表示“信心应用名词confidcncc/faith作宾语。故填 confidence/faithoIf you want to be healthy, you should keep a balanced d.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】diet#iet【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你想健康，你应该保持平衡饮食。根据句意及首字母提示，空白处的内容为“饮食”，diet饮食，食物”为名词，符合题意，冠词a提示用单数。故填diet.49. Its no easy task to take （控制）of a class of naughty children.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】control【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：要管理一班顽皮的孩子可不容易。短语：take control of 控制、掌管”，结合汉语提示及短语，故填control oYoud better rto the dictionaiy when you meet a new English word.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】rcfcr#cfcr【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意：当你遇到一个新的英语单词时，你最好查字典。根据句意及首字母提示可知， 短语refer to表示“查阅”，符合句意。故填refer。【点睛】Mike took a deep breath and tried to chimself down at the sight of a snake.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】calm#alm【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词。句意：一看到蛇，Mike深吸了一口气试图让自己冷静下来。根据句意及首字母提示可 知，动词短语calm down表示“冷静；使平静”，try to do sth 试图做某事”后接动词原形。符合句意。故 填 calnio【点睛】Murray speaks English well, and he is also fin French.（根据首字母单词拼写）【笞案】fluent#luenl【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：默里英语说得很好，法语也很流利。根据句意“流利的”和首字母提示“f” 可知，此处应填形容词fluent作表语。故填fluentoAs soon as kids saw mom coming, they ran（向前）to welcome her.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】forward【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：孩子们一看到妈妈来了，就胞上前去欢迎她。此处“向前”用副词forward,修 饰动词ran（跑）,run fonvard表示“向前跑，故填forward。第二节（满分25分）某报英语专栏拟评选年度山东十佳景点（Top Ten Scenic Spots）,请以My Favorite Scenic Spot为题写一 篇短文，推荐你最喜欢的景点，并阐述推荐理由。注意：1. 词数80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2. 文中不得透露个人和学校信息；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。【答案】Mount Tai, one of the famous mountains in China, is located in the central part of Shandong Province, between Taian, Jinan and Zibo, with a total area of 242,000 hectares. The main peak, Yuhuangding, is 1545 meters above sea level and has a magnificent momentum. It is known as the first mountain in the world. I love it for the following reasons.First of all. Mount Tai was regarded by (he ancients as a heaven leading directly to the throne and became a god mountain worshipped by the people and sacrificed by the emperor. There is a saying that Mount Tai is safe and all the seas are safe. In addition, Mount Tai is the symbol of the Chinese nation, the epitome of the Oriental culture, the place where the thought of harmony between man and nature is based, and the home of the spirit of the Chinese nation.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇说明文，要求考生以My Favorite Scenic Spot为题写一篇短文，推荐自己最喜 欢的景点，并阐述推荐理由。【详解】I.词汇积累著名的：famous-*well-known壮观的：magnificent-*splendid把看待成：regard.as.=treat.as.喜欢：love-*be fond of句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:Mount Tai, one of the famous mountains in China, is located in the central part of Shandong Province, between Taian, Jinan and Zibo, with a total area of 242,000 hectares.拓展句： Mount Tai, which is one of the famous mountains in China, is located in the central part of Shandong Province, between Taian, Jinan and Zibo, with a total area of 242,0(X) hectares.【点睛】高分句型1There is a saying that Mount Tai is safe and all the seas are safe.(that 引导同位语从句)高分句型2In addition. Mount Tai is the symbol of the Chinese nation, the epitome of the Oriental culture, the place where the thought of harmony between man and nature is based, and the home of (he spirit of the Chinese nation.(where 弓| 导定语从句)A. Go bowling.B. Listen to a concert.C. Visit an art museum.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Talk show host and guest.B. Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.12. Why did the woman start her new job?A. To （ravel around the world.B. To make lots of money. C. To write better guides.13. How long did the woman stay at home last year?A. Two months.B. Three months.C. Nine months.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. What is the woman going to do?A. Do some shopping.B. Go skating. C. Watch TV.15. What month is it?A. January. B. June. C. July.16. What docs the woman agree to do?A. Take a jacket. B. Visit her grandma. C. Make a lemon pic.17. What will the woman have?A. Soup. B. Pie, C. Pancakes.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. What is the price of a ticket on Tuesdays?A. $2.B.$10. C. $20.19. How did the president find the showing?A. Enjoyable. B. Disappointing. C. Effective.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. The theatre.B. The president.C. A festival.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该 项涂黑。AHeroes tend to come from youngsters. Here arc four of the youngest Olympic champions in the world so far.Fu Mingxia一13 years and 345 daysChinese female diver Fu Mingxia won a gold medal at the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona, Spain, when she was just 13 years and 345 days old. She dominated （占据）the sport throughout the 1990s with her performance of extremely difficult