虚拟语气学案.doc

虚拟语气
一 虚拟语气用于状语从句中：
（一）虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中（虚拟条件句）
1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用_______________________，而主句中的谓语动词用 ___________________________________
If I________ (be) you, I should study English.
If he _________(have) time, he would attend the meeting.
如果他在这，我就可以问他。
________________________________________________________________
如果我有钱，我就买那本字典。
________________________________________________________________
2.表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用______________________，
主句中的谓语动词用_________________________________________________________。
If you _________(take) my advice, you ________ (not fail ) in the examination.
如果你多穿些衣服，你就不会感冒了。
_______________________________________________________________
)要是他早走五分钟，他就会赶上那班火车了。
_______________________________________________________________
3.表示与将来事实相反的假设时，条件从句用______________________________________，主句用______________________________________________________________________。
If you _______ (come) tomorrow， we _______(have) the meeting.
If it _______(be) to rain tomorrow, the meeting _________(be) put off.
如果我们赶不上头班汽车，我们就得再等两个小时。
_______________________________________________________________
如果你去看医生，他会告诉你怎么做。
_______________________________________________________________
4. 错综时间条件句

A． ___________________________________________________________
1) If I had taken your advice, I would be all right now.
2) If Lily _____(lose) her necklace last night, she ____(not be) so upset now.
B．______________________________________________________________

If it_____(be) not for the new society, I_______(be) dead.
5.含蓄条件句
Without , but for , if not for （如果没有） In the absence of （如果……不在）
___________the heavy rain, we _____________ (get) there earlier.
要是没有你的帮助，我们就不会取得这么大的进步。
_____________________________________________________
要是没有那位年轻人，那孩子就没救了。
_____________________________________________________
6.有时假设情况可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来。
Given more time I ___________(do) it better.
I was ill that day. Otherwise I ____________(attend) the meeting.
He ______(give) you more help, but he has been so busy.
I would have written you before, but I have been ill.
I would write to you, but I don’t know your address.
I ____(run) all the way, or I ______( be) late for the meeting.
.7.________________________________________________________
1).______I a bird, I would fly to the sky.
2) Had I kown your address, I _________(write) to you last month.
8.______________________________________________________
. If only I had listened to my parents. If only we knew where to look for him.
● 比较if only与only if
__________________________________________________________
I wake up _______ the alarm clock rings.
　　 _______the alarm clock had rung.　
(二) 1. 虚拟语气用在目的状语从句中
___________________________________________________________________________________
1)He was punished lest he ______ make the same mistake again．
2)I will not make a noise for fear that I____ disturb him .
I have come all the way here in order that you_____ understand me .
He put his coat over his son in case he______ catch cold .
●如果 in order that 和 so that 前的主句是现在时，其后的从句有时也可用 can , may + 动词原形。
Ask him to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them .
在以lest 和in case 引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词若属于过去时，一般要用虚拟语气， should + 动词原形，若谓语动词不是过去时，也可以用成述语气。
Take warm clothes in case the weather is cold .
2.__________________________________________________________________________
1)Alan talked about Rome as if he were a Roman．
2)I feel as if I were ten years younger .
3)He talks about pyramids as though he ______(see) them himself .
4)I feel as if we ________(know) each other for years .
5) He speaks English so fluently as if he ________ (study) English in England.
6)Even if he ____ (be) here, he could not solve the problem.
二 、 _______________________________________________________________________
1. _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
1)The manager would rather his daughter _____(work) in the same office．
2)The boss would rather Tom ___________(leave) tomorrow.
3)The boss would rather Tom___________(leave) yesterday.
●________________________________________________________________
1)I would rather_______( stay) at home today．
2)I would rather ___________(not tell) him the bad news, he is so sad now.
3)I would rather you________( not tell) him the bad news now.
4)I woud rather you ________(not tell) him the bad news last night.
5)Who would you rather_____(go) with you?
6)Who would you rather have____(go) with you?
2. _________________________________________________________________________
I suggest that we ______( hold) a meeting next week.
He insisted that he ____________( be sent) there
He demanded that he _________(get) a higher pay.
●判断改错： （ ） You pale face suggests that you（should）be ill.
（ ） Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
（ ） I insisted that you（should）be wrong.
（ ） I insisted that you were wrong.
3. __________________________________________________________________________
I wish I__________(be) as tall as you.　我希望和你一样高
He wished he _________(say) that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话
I wish it_______ (rain) tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了
三、____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
We are all for your proposal that the discussion_______( be) put off．
The suggestion that the mayor_______( present) the prizes was accepted by everyone．
Any proposals that john________( b)e dismissed must be resisted .
His idea that we_________(take )up the matter with a special board is fairly resonable .
Our suggestion is that the famous star _____( put) on a play at the english evening .
The demand he _____(make) at the meeting is reasonable.
四、 ____________________________________________________________________
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that we________ (clean) the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that you _______(be) so careless.
It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc) that she ______（finish）
her homework this afternoon.
● It is a strange that he did not come
总结___________________________________________________________________________
五、 _______________________________________________________________________________
It is (about ) time we _______(leave) .
It is high time we ________ ( be) going .
六、虚拟语气在简单句中的应用
1）情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚，客气，有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。例如：
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to open the door?
2) 用于一些习惯表达法中。例如：
Would you like a cup of tea?
I would rather not tell you ?
You had better go now.
3) 用“may+动词原形”，但愿，祝愿。May 须置于句首。例如。
May you be happy! May you succeed.!
1. Long live the Chinese Communist Party !
2. God bless you !
3. Heaven help us !
虚拟语气练习题
1. ---Would you have called her up had it been possible ?
---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homework
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
2. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meet
A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in
3. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for
4. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday, he ____ me from going
A. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would prevent
C. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented
5. ____hard, he would have passed the exam
A. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work
6. ____today, he would get there by Friday
A. Were he to leave B. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left
7. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
8. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother
A. has come B. did come C. come D. had come
9. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment.
A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped
C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped
10. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterday
A. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climb
C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn’t been, could climb
11. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult today
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
12. ---I am going to tell her the news ---I would as soon you _____her about it
A. didn’t tell B. don’t tell C. hadn’t tell D. won’t tell
13. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____home
A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay
14. It was requested that the play ____again
A. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on
15. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediately
A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent
16. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness ----Yes, but ____it
A. I’d rather not do B. I’d rather not have done C. I should’ t doD. I’d better not do
17. If only I ___my car A. hadn’t lost B. wouldn’t loseC. didn’t lose D. haven’t lost
18. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earth
A. is B. would C. were D. wouldn’t be
18. I would rather you ____anything about it for the time being
A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t
19. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ____ their own son
A. is B. were C. had been D. should be
20. How the old people wish that they ____young once more
A. were B. could become C. had been D. should be
21. It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss this problem
A. hold B. held C. have held D. had held
22. The thief closed his eyes ____ he ____dying
A. even if , was B. though, would be C. even, had been D. as if, were
23. I wish that you ____ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert A. had not B. did not have had C. hadn’t had D. hadn’t have
24. The chairman insisted that we ____the question again
A. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed
25. He requested that the students ____them get in crops
A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping
26. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____the rules
A. obeys B. Obey C. will obey D. would obey
27. I wish I ____here then . A. was B. had been C. were D. would be
28. It is strange that he ____back so early
A. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come
29. Mother suggested that I ___my homework first before watching TV
A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done
30. My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest Sunday
A. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put
31. He is talking so much about America as if he ____ there
A. had been B. has been C. was D. been
32. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven
A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished
33. ---Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to……
----Don’t call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!
A. do B. didn’t C. did D. don’t
34. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I ____ but I ____ all this morning
A. would, have washed B. could, have been washing
C. would have, have been washin D. could have, had washing
35. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worse
A. had tried B. hadn’t tried C. have tried D. didn’t try
36 ----How could I thank you enough? ----Don’t mention it. Any other man ____it
A. must do B. could do C. would have done D. should have done
37. Key European governments insist Iraq’s co-operation ____ good and military action______ to allow inspections to continue
A. be, be delayed B. is, delay C. should be, be delayed D. is , be delayed
课后反思：
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