高一英语Unit-2-Working-the-land人教实验版知识精讲.doc

高一英语Unit 2 Working the land人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容： Unit 2 Working the land1. 词汇：satisfy refer to thanks to 2. 难句理解：rather than would rather 倍数的表达3. 语法：非谓语动词 v-ing 形式 作主语、宾语二. 重、难点讲解1. satisfy vt. & vi. 1）使满意；使满足 You might guess that Dr Yuan, who is now rich and famous, is satisfied with his life. I was not satisfied with the result. He was satisfied when he won the race.Nothing can satisfy him; he is always complaining. I am satisfied of his innocence. = I am satisfied that he is innocent.我确信他是清白的。be satisfied with = be pleased with; be content with2）足够（自己的需要）；达到（要求、标准、规定） satisfied ones hunger 充饥satisfy ones demands / hope / desire 符合某人的要求/希望/欲望2. refer to 1）to be relevant to sb. / sth.; concern sb. / sth.与有关；指的是It also refers to crops growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers.它也指用自然肥料而不是化肥种植的庄稼。What do these numbers refer to? 这些数字表示什么? 2）to mention or speak of sb. / sth. 提到, 说到, 或涉及到某人 / 某事In his speech, he didnt refer to the problem at all. 3）o turn to sb. / sth. for information 参考, 参阅If you have some questions, please refer to the guidebook.如果你有问题,请参阅旅游指南。翻译: The underline word “it” in the fifth paragraph probably refers to _. 3. thanks to sb. / sth. because of sb. / sth. 多亏, 由于 Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger.由于他的研究, 联合国正在使世界摆脱饥饿。I was late thanks to the traffic. 4. 倍数的表示方法Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子,农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。表示倍数的三个句型:1） times as + 形容词原级 + as This table is 3 times as big as that one.2） times the + 性质名词 + of This table is 3 times the size of that one.3）times + 形容词比较级 + than This table is twice bigger than that one. 练习: He did it _ it took me. A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third a time D. one-third the time 5. rather than 而不是; Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more, rather than fewer troubles. 他确实认为, 一个人有了太多钱,他的麻烦事只会更多,而不是更少。 I decided to write rather than ( to) telephone. 我决定写信而不是打电话。 翻译： He was busy in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.would rather 宁愿, 较喜欢; He would rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。He would rather you came on Friday. 他比较希望你星期五来。（came是虚拟语气）would rather than 宁可也不 I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema. 我宁愿呆在家里也不去看电影。 I prefer to go to the movies rather than stay at home. 我宁愿去看电影也不呆在家里。 练习： Rather than _ in a slow bus, he always prefers _. A. ride, ride B. riding, ride C. ride, to ride D. to ride, riding三. 动名词、现在分词 （统称v-ing 形式） 1. 非谓语动词 1）动词不定式 to do 2）动词ing形式 doing 3）过去分词 done e.g. We agree to meet here, but so far she hasnt turned up yet. The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.When first introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.2. 动词ing形式的时态和语态3. v-ing 的否定式非谓语动词的否定式，是在非谓语动词前加上notNot knowing that a storm was coming, I went out.4. 动词ing形式的语法功能1) v-ing 作主语 Wishing for things, however, costs nothing. 然而，愿望是不花本钱的。 Swimming is my favourite sport. Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎和盗窃是不道德的。Using chemical fertilizers is a big problem. Firstly, leaving chemicals in the ground for a long time is not good for the soil or the water supply.使用化肥会带来很大的问题。第一，在田地里长期遗留化学物质对土壤和水源不利。v-ing 作主语的一些特殊及常用结构。e.g. It is no good staying up too late every day. 练习: I think that it is no use _ with this. A. continue B. to continue C. continuing D. that you continue翻译：和他谈话是浪费时间。2) v-ing 作宾语有的动词和动词词组后只能用v-ing 作宾语. 例如: admit, appreciate, avoid, 避免否定少延期 avoid, deny, delay ( put off) 建议完成多练习 suggest ( advise ), finish, practise 考虑喜欢和想象 consider, enjoy, imagine, 承认错过应感激 admit, miss, appreciate 脱离冒险莫原谅 escape, risk, excuse 保持在意不能忍 keep, mind, cant stand, e.g. I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon. Its hot here. Would you mind turning on the air-conditioner? She suggested having lunch at the new restaurant. v-ing 还可以作介词的宾语 e.g. 1) Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of fields. 2) He cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life. 3) On hearing the bad news, the sister burst into tears. 4) After reading the passage, you will be required to answer some questions. 练习: I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _. A. went on B. goes on C. going on D. to go on常用v-ing 作宾语的词组be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事look forward to doing sth. 盼望着做某事devote to doing sth. 投身于做某事lead to doing sth. 导致做某事get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事pay attention to doing sth. 关注做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事feel like doing sth. 想要做某事insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事thank you for doing sth. 感谢你做某事be worth doing sth. 做某事很值得be careful (in) doing sth. 做某事时很小心be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难have a good time (in) doing sth. 做某事很愉快be fortunate (in) doing sth. 做某事时有运气spend money / time (in) doing sth. 花钱 / 时间做某事there is no point / use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用/没有意义e.g.1) Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. 从那时起，他就把毕生精力投入到水稻高产的研究中。2) We are looking forward to seeing them in Beijing in 2008.3) The old man is not used to living in the city.下列动词既可以跟v-ing也可以跟动词不定式作宾语， 但意义不同。 1) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 2) remember to do sth.记住要做某事 remember doing sth. 记住做过某事 3) regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事 regret doing sth. 遗憾做过某事 4) stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 5) go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做正在做的事 6) try to do sth. 努力 / 试图做某事 try doing sth. 尝试着做某事 7) cant help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 cant help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事 8) mean to do sth. 打算 / 企图做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事翻译：1) I forgot locking the door. 2）He stopped to shake hands with us. 3）窗户需要擦干净。 4） You were so brave enough as to raise objection at the meeting. Well, now I regret _ that.A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 5）Mary cant help _ the room because shes busy _ her homework. A. cleaning, doing B. to clean, doing C. cleaned, to do D. being cleaned, to do【模拟试题】一. 单项选择1. It is no good _ to him, because he never listens.A. of talking B. talking C. to be talking D. talk2. It is no use _ with you. A. argue B. to be arguing C. arguing D. talk3. I dont think you will have any difficulty _ a library card. A. to get B. for getting C. get D. getting4. I really appreciate _ to help me, but I think I can manage it by myself.A. your offering B. you to offerC. that you offer D. you offer5. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _at the party, but not _. A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave6. The classroom needs _ . We must do a good job.A. to clean B. cleaning C. be cleaned D. clean7. All the children enjoy _ at the seaside. A. to play B. play C. to be playing D. playing8. I regret _ hard at school.A. not to study B. not having studiedC. not study D. having not studied9. Catching the first bus will mean _ at five oclock. A. to get up B. get up C. getting up D. got up10. Ill never forget _ that place for the first time. A. to visit B. visit C. visiting D. visited11. Thank you for _ me so much help. A. giving B. give C. being given D. being giving12 Instead of _ sights, Edison would spend the time _ in the public library. A. seeing, reading B. see , read C. to see, to read D. seeing , to read13. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuades14. Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is well worth _ . A. being bought B. bought C. buying D. to be bought15. Could you excuse my _ so many careless mistakes ? A. make B. makes C. to make D. making16. He lowered his head to avoid _ by the teacher. A. asking B. being asked C. to ask D. making17. The little boy is looking forward _ his mother. A. to see B. to meet C. to seeing D. to be seen18. Only one of these books is _.A. worth to read B. worth being read C. worth of reading D. worth reading二. 阅读理解 Mark was walking home from school one day when he noticed the boy ahead of him had tripped (绊倒) and dropped all of the books he was carrying , along with two sweaters, a baseball bat, a glove and a small tape recorder. Mark knelt down and helped the boy pick up the scattered (散落的) articles. Since they were going the same way , he helped to carry part of the burden. As they walked Mark discovered the boys name was Bill, that he loved video games, baseball and history, and that he was having lots of trouble with his other subjects and that he had just broken up with his girlfriend. They arrived at Bills home first and Mark was invited in for a Coke and to watch some television. The afternoon passed pleasantly with a few laughs and some shared small talk, then Mark went home. They continued to see each other around school, had lunch together once or twice, then both graduated from the junior high school. They ended up in the same high school where they had brief contacts over the years. Finally the long awaited senior year (大学最后一个学年) came and three weeks before graduation, Bill asked Mark if they could talk. Bill reminded him of the day years ago when they first met. “ Did you ever wonder why I was carrying so many things home that day?” asked Bill. “You see. I had stored away some of my mothers sleeping pills(安眠药)and I was going home to commit suicide(自杀). But after we spent some time together talking and laughing, I realized that if I had killed myself, I would have missed that time and so many others that might follow. So you see, Mark, when you picked up those books that day, you did a lot more.” 1. Mark helped Bill _ on his way home.A. read all his books B. play baseball in a gameC. buy two sweaters and a glove D. pick up the scattered articles 2. They watched TV, and drank Coke _ .A. at Bills home B. at Marks homeC. at school D. at the college 3. Bill wanted to talk with Mark _ .A. before they graduated from the college B. when they studied in the high schoolC. when they had lunch togetherD. after they finished the junior high school 4. Bill wanted to commit suicide by _ .A. carrying many things home B. taking sleeping pillsC. cleaning his locker D. talking and laughing 5. We learn from the passage that _ .A. Mark saved Bills lifeB. Bills mother asked him to dieC. Bills girlfriend carried books for himD. Mark wanted to commit suicide, too【试题答案】一. 单项选择：BCDAC，BDBCC，AACCD，BCD二. 阅读理解：DAABA用心 爱心 专心