高一英语Unit-2-Working-the-land人教实验版知识精讲.doc

高一英语Unit 2 Working the land人教实验版

【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 2 Working the land
1. 词汇：satisfy refer to thanks to
2. 难句理解：rather than would rather 倍数的表达
3. 语法：非谓语动词 —— v-ing 形式 作主语、宾语

二. 重、难点讲解
1. satisfy vt. & vi.
1）使满意；使满足
You might guess that Dr Yuan, who is now rich and famous, is satisfied with his life.
I was not satisfied with the result.
He was satisfied when he won the race.
Nothing can satisfy him; he is always complaining.
I am satisfied of his innocence. = I am satisfied that he is innocent.我确信他是清白的。
be satisfied with = be pleased with; be content with
2）足够（自己的需要）；达到（要求、标准、规定）
satisfied one’s hunger 充饥
satisfy one’s demands / hope / desire 符合某人的要求/希望/欲望
2. refer to
1）to be relevant to sb. / sth.; concern sb. / sth.与……有关；指的是……
It also refers to crops growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers.
它也指用自然肥料而不是化肥种植的庄稼。
What do these numbers refer to? 这些数字表示什么?
2）to mention or speak of sb. / sth. 提到, 说到, 或涉及到某人 / 某事
In his speech, he didn’t refer to the problem at all.
3）o turn to sb. / sth. for information 参考, 参阅
If you have some questions, please refer to the guidebook.
如果你有问题,请参阅旅游指南。
翻译: The underline word “it” in the fifth paragraph probably refers to _________.
3. thanks to sb. / sth. because of sb. / sth. 多亏, 由于
Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger.
由于他的研究, 联合国正在使世界摆脱饥饿。
I was late thanks to the traffic.
4. 倍数的表示方法
Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
用他的杂交水稻种子,农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。
表示倍数的三个句型:
1）… times as + 形容词原级 + as …
This table is 3 times as big as that one.
2）… times the + 性质名词 + of …
This table is 3 times the size of that one.
3）…times + 形容词比较级 + than …
This table is twice bigger than that one.
练习:
He did it _________ it took me.
A. one-third a time B. one-third time
C. the one-third a time D. one-third the time
5. rather than 而不是;
Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more, rather than fewer troubles.
他确实认为, 一个人有了太多钱,他的麻烦事只会更多,而不是更少。
I decided to write rather than ( to) telephone. 我决定写信而不是打电话。
翻译： He was busy in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
would rather 宁愿, 较喜欢;
He would rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
He would rather you came on Friday. 他比较希望你星期五来。（came是虚拟语气）
would rather …than… 宁可……也不……
I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema. 我宁愿呆在家里也不去看电影。
I prefer to go to the movies rather than stay at home. 我宁愿去看电影也不呆在家里。
练习：
Rather than _______ in a slow bus, he always prefers _________.
A. ride, ride B. riding, ride C. ride, to ride D. to ride, riding

三. 动名词、现在分词 （统称v-ing 形式）
1. 非谓语动词
1）动词不定式 to do
2）动词ing形式 doing
3）过去分词 done
e.g. We agree to meet here, but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.
When first introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
2. 动词ing形式的时态和语态

3. v-ing 的否定式
非谓语动词的否定式，是在非谓语动词前加上not
Not knowing that a storm was coming, I went out.
4. 动词ing形式的语法功能
1) v-ing 作主语
Wishing for things, however, costs nothing. 然而，愿望是不花本钱的。
Swimming is my favourite sport.
Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎和盗窃是不道德的。
Using chemical fertilizers is a big problem. Firstly, leaving chemicals in the ground for a
long time is not good for the soil or the water supply.
使用化肥会带来很大的问题。第一，在田地里长期遗留化学物质对土壤和水源不利。
v-ing 作主语的一些特殊及常用结构。

e.g. It is no good staying up too late every day.
练习: I think that it is no use _______ with this.
A. continue B. to continue C. continuing D. that you continue
翻译：和他谈话是浪费时间。
2) v-ing 作宾语
有的动词和动词词组后只能用v-ing 作宾语. 例如: admit, appreciate, avoid,
避免否定少延期 avoid, deny, delay ( put off)
建议完成多练习 suggest ( advise ), finish, practise
考虑喜欢和想象 consider, enjoy, imagine,
承认错过应感激 admit, miss, appreciate
脱离冒险莫原谅 escape, risk, excuse
保持在意不能忍 keep, mind, can’t stand,
e.g. I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon.
It’s hot here. Would you mind turning on the air-conditioner?
She suggested having lunch at the new restaurant.
v-ing 还可以作介词的宾语
e.g. 1) Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of fields.
2) He cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life.
3) On hearing the bad news, the sister burst into tears.
4) After reading the passage, you will be required to answer some questions.
练习: I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _________.
A. went on B. goes on C. going on D. to go on
常用v-ing 作宾语的词组
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
look forward to doing sth. 盼望着做某事
devote to doing sth. 投身于做某事
lead to doing sth. 导致做某事
get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事
pay attention to doing sth. 关注做某事
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事
thank you for doing sth. 感谢你做某事
be worth doing sth. 做某事很值得
be careful (in) doing sth. 做某事时很小心
be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事
have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
have a good time (in) doing sth. 做某事很愉快
be fortunate (in) doing sth. 做某事时有运气
spend money / time (in) doing sth. 花钱 / 时间做某事
there is no point / use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用/没有意义
e.g.
1) Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice.
从那时起，他就把毕生精力投入到水稻高产的研究中。
2) We are looking forward to seeing them in Beijing in 2008.
3) The old man is not used to living in the city.
下列动词既可以跟v-ing也可以跟动词不定式作宾语， 但意义不同。

1) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
2) remember to do sth. 记住要做某事
remember doing sth. 记住做过某事
3) regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事
regret doing sth. 遗憾做过某事
4) stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
5) go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事
go on doing sth. 继续做正在做的事
6) try to do sth. 努力 / 试图做某事
try doing sth. 尝试着做某事
7) can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事
8) mean to do sth. 打算 / 企图做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
翻译：1) I forgot locking the door.
2）He stopped to shake hands with us.
3）窗户需要擦干净。
4）— You were so brave enough as to raise objection at the meeting.
— Well, now I regret ___________ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done
5）Mary can’t help _______ the room because she’s busy ______ her homework.
A. cleaning, doing B. to clean, doing
C. cleaned, to do D. being cleaned, to do

【模拟试题】
一. 单项选择
1. It is no good ______ to him, because he never listens.
A. of talking B. talking C. to be talking D. talk
2. It is no use _______ with you.
A. argue B. to be arguing C. arguing D. talk
3. I don’t think you will have any difficulty ________ a library card.
A. to get B. for getting C. get D. getting
4. I really appreciate _______ to help me, but I think I can manage it by myself.
A. your offering B. you to offer
C. that you offer D. you offer
5. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered ______at the party, but not _____.
A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave
C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave
6. The classroom needs _________ . We must do a good job.
A. to clean B. cleaning C. be cleaned D. clean
7. All the children enjoy ________ at the seaside.
A. to play B. play C. to be playing D. playing
8. I regret _______ hard at school.
A. not to study B. not having studied
C. not study D. having not studied
9. Catching the first bus will mean _______ at five o’clock.
A. to get up B. get up C. getting up D. got up
10. I’ll never forget _________ that place for the first time.
A. to visit B. visit C. visiting D. visited
11. Thank you for _______ me so much help.
A. giving B. give C. being given D. being giving
12 Instead of _______ sights, Edison would spend the time _______ in the public library.
A. seeing, reading B. see , read C. to see, to read D. seeing , to read
13. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _______ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuades
14. Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is well worth _______ .
A. being bought B. bought C. buying D. to be bought
15. Could you excuse my ________ so many careless mistakes ?
A. make B. makes C. to make D. making
16. He lowered his head to avoid _________ by the teacher.
A. asking B. being asked C. to ask D. making
17. The little boy is looking forward _________ his mother.
A. to see B. to meet C. to seeing D. to be seen
18. Only one of these books is _________________.
A. worth to read B. worth being read
C. worth of reading D. worth reading

二. 阅读理解
Mark was walking home from school one day when he noticed the boy ahead of him had tripped (绊倒) and dropped all of the books he was carrying , along with two sweaters, a baseball bat, a glove and a small tape recorder. Mark knelt down and helped the boy pick up the scattered (散落的) articles. Since they were going the same way , he helped to carry part of the burden. As they walked Mark discovered the boy’s name was Bill, that he loved video games, baseball and history, and that he was having lots of trouble with his other subjects and that he had just broken up with his girlfriend.
They arrived at Bill’s home first and Mark was invited in for a Coke and to watch some television. The afternoon passed pleasantly with a few laughs and some shared small talk, then Mark went home. They continued to see each other around school, had lunch together once or twice, then both graduated from the junior high school. They ended up in the same high school where they had brief contacts over the years. Finally the long awaited senior year (大学最后一个学年) came and three weeks before graduation, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.
Bill reminded him of the day years ago when they first met. “ Did you ever wonder why I was carrying so many things home that day?” asked Bill. “You see. I had stored away some of my mother’s sleeping pills(安眠药)and I was going home to commit suicide(自杀). But after we spent some time together talking and laughing, I realized that if I had killed myself, I would have missed that time and so many others that might follow. So you see, Mark, when you picked up those books that day, you did a lot more.”
1. Mark helped Bill _______ on his way home.
A. read all his books B. play baseball in a game
C. buy two sweaters and a glove D. pick up the scattered articles
2. They watched TV, and drank Coke _________ .
A. at Bill’s home B. at Mark’s home
C. at school D. at the college
3. Bill wanted to talk with Mark __________ .
A. before they graduated from the college
B. when they studied in the high school
C. when they had lunch together
D. after they finished the junior high school
4. Bill wanted to commit suicide by _________ .
A. carrying many things home B. taking sleeping pills
C. cleaning his locker D. talking and laughing
5. We learn from the passage that _________ .
A. Mark saved Bill’s life
B. Bill’s mother asked him to die
C. Bill’s girlfriend carried books for him
D. Mark wanted to commit suicide, too

【试题答案】
一. 单项选择：BCDAC，BDBCC，AACCD，BCD
二. 阅读理解：DAABA

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