英语音标表发音规律记忆口诀.doc

英语音标表、字母表- 字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀一、尝试用“胸腔辅助送力-口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母，感觉学习标准发音，直到感觉音准，流利，升降调式自如为止。 ei / bi: /si: /di: / i: /ef /dVi: / eitF / ai / dVei / kei / el /em /en /Eu /pi:/kju: /B: /es /ti: /ju: / vi: /dQblju: /eks /wai /zi: 二、 英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表英 语 音 标（采用口腔后部发声法发音）发音特征元音*母音 单元音声带振动前元音：i:/ I: i e A发音清晰响亮气流通畅中元音：Q E E:后元音：B: C: C u: u双元音振动ai ei oi ie ue au eu辅音*子音哑辅音不振动ptk fsWF h tftrts发音含糊晦涩气流受阻浊辅音振动bdg vzTV r dvdrdzmnN l/l wj 辅音连缀prplbrblkrklgrglfrflsnslskspswdwhwkwtw Wr pju:bju:tju:dju:kju:gju:fju:vju:lju:mju:nju:hju:zju三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：(也就是单词的音标怎么读。/与我们汉语拼音很相似) （拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。）拼读口诀：元音为中心，划分音节、按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音，轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音，轻/闭音节读短音。例子：hehi:, name neim, tableteibl, bicyclebaisikl, red, cap, and, thank, basket, yellow,四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则（或一般规律）：1. 为什么要掌握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律？目的只有一个，让我们能够做到-见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要反过来，学会语音认字（类似我们的拼音认字），通过多加练习，逐步达到听音写字、音义结合的水平。第三步是形义结合，练习英语汉语意义对应翻译。2. 英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：（要求熟记于心，脱口而出）?总口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连， 元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。?辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。b发b, c发k, ci(y) c多发s; d发d, f f, g发g dV, V少见; h h, j发dV, k / l k l可分连; m m, n nN, p p q k r 发r; s 最多s和z, 趋唇F V也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please, sureF, usuallyV, x 发音剪头端，ks多于gz面； six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam, (后接重读元音)t 发t, v 发v, w 辅音w来念； teacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim, wash, whi最后一个字母z，发好z音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle, ?辅音字母一见发音表： bcdfghjklmnbkcapdfgegghdVklmnscitydV-lNg/ktablericebedcoffeeorangehighjeepbook bluemeetnosebluebicycledogflygarbagehelloJapankeepballroompenVgaragetablethankpqrstvwx(y)zpkrsdesktvwksjyesz-rzeasygzaimypencilquickroseVusuallysitvoicewashboxibusyzooopenquartersorrypleasureteacherinviteswimexamveryzeroteacherFsurelittlequicklyfreeze?常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。wh发音 h 和 w, th 常发 W 和 T；ch/tch多发 tF, 有时发音 F 或 k；sh F, ph f, gh 不发或发 f(词尾)；gedge 多发 dV, ck 发 k, kn n; ng 易发 N Ng, qu发音 kw 和k。wr 发卷趋 r, 双写分节不分音。 动词或复数词尾s /es, 多发sz/ 和iz; ts ts dsdz例词： wh发音 h 和 w, th 常发 W 和 T；ch/tch多发 tF, 有时发音 F 或 k；sh F, ph f, gh 不发或发 f(词尾)； sh - shoe, ship, sheep, fish, wash, ash ph - photo, telephone, phrase gh - right, light, daughter laugh, gedge 多发 dV, ck 发 k, kn n; (d)ge - orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥，稀饭) ck - black, kick, lock, back kn - knife, know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下), knit (编织), ng 易发 N Ng, qu发音 kw 和k。ng - sing, song, long, wing English, hungryqu - quick, quite(相当，十分), quiet (安静的，平静的), quarter, require, wr 发卷趋 r, wr - wrong, write, wrap(包，裹), wrist(手腕), wrest(拧，扭), 双写分节不分音：miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella 双写元音字母：see, zoo, ts/tes - its tail(它的尾巴), two baskets /boats(两个篮子/小船), my coats /shirts (我的上衣/衬衫), three hats(三顶帽子), five cats(五只猫), many streets(许多街道), two tea-pots (两个茶壶), some carrots (一些胡萝卜), Whats this? Its a pen. sits, ds/des- two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, their heads, 辅音连缀：pr - practice, praise, pray, press, price, proud, pl- please, play, plane, plan, place, plain, plenty (丰富, 大量), plod(沉重地走, 辛勤工作), plop (扑通落下), plum(李子), plug(插头,插上),br- brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), brain, break, bread, breed (使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养), bl- black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue, cr-/kr- crab(螃蟹), cradle(摇篮), cream, crop, cricket(昆蟋蟀, 运动板球) cl-/kl- class, claim(根据权利)要求得到, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要) clean, clear, gr- grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green, great, gl- glass, glad, gleam (发微光, 使闪烁), glide(滑行,滑翔), globe(地球仪), fr- France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的, 无经验的), frequent (频繁的), friend (朋友), fl- flat, flag, flame(火焰,热情), flap (拍打, 鼓翼而飞, 飘动), flares (喇叭裤), sl- slave (奴隶), slander (诽谤), slaughter (屠宰, 残杀, 屠杀), sleep (睡眠, 睡觉), sm- small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦地), sn- snow, snake, snack (吃)快餐/小吃), snail (蜗牛), snap (猛咬), sk- skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑过, 浏览), sp- space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹), Spain (西班牙), st- stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足), stage (舞台,戏剧,举行), sw- swab (swCbn.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水潭,垂花饰), 突然袭击), sword(剑), swot(at./ for./up; vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人, 辛苦的工作), dw- dwarf (dwC:fn.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小), dwell(at./in.居住 停留于;tw- twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain (tweinn.两, 双, 二, 一对), twin(s),thr- three, thread(线，细丝, 线索, 思路, 螺纹), threaten(恐吓, 威胁),?字母L的两种读音口诀：音节开头发清音l -, 音节末尾模糊音- l,l - lazy, like, look, long, lubber (lQbE adj.粗笨的, 笨拙的n.傻大个), - l girlE:l, ball C:l, small, schoolu:l, wellel, smell, level(E)l, smileail, hillil常见音节尾音总结：i:l / il / el/ Al / Ql / El / E:l / C:l / Cl / u:l / ul / ail / eil / Cil / iEl / uEl / aul / Eul / -pl / -bl / -tl / -dl / -kl / -gl / -fl / -vl / -sl / -zl / -pEl / -bEl / -tEl / -dEl / -kEl / -gEl / -fEl / -vEl / -sEl / -zEl ?元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。重开音节多长音，eii:aiEuju:/u:来拼；重闭音节/轻音短，AeiCQuEa接r /ss常发B:/A, 还有eiA C/C:i E。e的发音首数e，空尾/重i:轻iE。重开音节i发ai，重闭/轻音短iE。o发长音EuC:u:，短音QCE one殊。u字多发 ju:和Q，忙碌busy(i)加u:u。y头发j重读ai，轻音/结尾i变来。ay ,ey, o/uy，多发eii,Ciai。r前元音常卷舌，S后弱音须强化。相近发音不规则，省力顺口是关键。相近/强化加弱化，使得元音多变化。例词：a- / ei / B:/ A/ C:/ C/ E/ i / 强化音ei，弱化音Ea接r /ss常发B:/A, 还有eiA C/C:i E。name ei, table ei, car B:, park B:, class B:, basket B:/A, as A, ass A, father B:, afterward(s) B:/E(然后, 后来), dollar E,cap A, catch A, grammar A/E, America E, asleep, alone, afraid, banana E /B:/E, woman E, water C:, watch C, what C, war C:, orange i, e- / i:/ e/ i / E/ -*(词尾空音) / 强化音i:，弱化音E/ i e的发音首数e，空尾/重i:轻iE。 he i:, she i:, we i:, me i:, evening i:, red e, pencil e, empty e, desk e, umbrella e, French e, basket i, women i, pretty i, the E / i:, children E, open E, hundred E / i:,/ -*(词尾空音) /- whose z, house s, nice s, face s, white t, name m, give v, side d, wake k, prize z, fine n, tube b, orange dV, employee i: (职工, 雇员, 店员), apple pl, table bl, little tl, middle dl, bicycle kl, eagle gl(鹰), i- /ai / i:/ i / E / 强化音ai/i:，弱化音E/ i 重开音节发i: /ai，重闭/轻音短iE。 right ai, bicycle ai, white ai, police i:, this i, which i, his i,building i, beautiful E, holiday E, o- /Eu/ Q/ C/ C:/u:/ u / E / wQ- 强化音Eu/ C:/u:，弱化音Eo发长音EuC:u:，短音QCE one殊。 no Eu, cold Eu, those Eu, come Q, some Q, mother Q, brother Q, son Q, month Q, dog C, not C, hot C, sorry C, shop C, locker C, box C, orange C:, whose u:, who u:, do u:, to u:, two u:, woman u, policeman E, today E, occasion E(场合, 时机, 机会), aeroplane E, / one wQn, once wQns, reservoir rezEvwB:, u- /ju:/ Q / u / u: /i / 强化音ju:/u:，弱化音iu字多发 ju:和Q，忙碌busy(i)加u:u。 use ju:, usually ju:, tube ju:, music ju:, pupil ju:, rubber Q, umbrella Q, mum Q, hungry Q, bus Q, just Q,cup Q,put u, full u, pull u, ruler u:,Sue u:,blue u:,minute i, busy i y- /ai / j / i / 强化音ai，弱化音i y头发j重读ai，轻音/结尾i变来。 your j, you j, yes j, yellow j, young j, my ai, why ai, tyre ai, style ai, fry ai, cry ai, bicycle i, baby i, ready i, hungry i, very i, thirsty i, empty i, busy i, body i, slowly i,?常见元音字母组合发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，常受影响发音变；千锤百炼习语感。组合爱发长/双元(音(重读音节)；常受影响发音变；为了顺口图方便，近似发音相变换。另有强化加弱化，多个字母省略念。外来/古语不规则(发音)，熟读百遍字腔圆。a- ay ei day, say, play, way, weekday, birthday, / i Sunday, Monday, ar B: car, star, farm, are, park, garlic, / E dollar, collar, grammar, particular pEtikju:lE, al C: all, ball, small, hall, walk, chalk, / B: half, C:l / Al / El 非组合式的情况：althoughC:l, alga AlgE(藻类, 海藻), algal AlgEl(adj.海藻的), algebra AldVibrE (代数学), signal lsigEl(信号/发信号, 用信号通知), au C: daughter, fault, audience, cause, AugustC:gEst (八月), august C:gQst(令人敬畏的, 威严的), C because, au kraut(泡菜), B: laugh, air ZE air, chair, hair, pair, fair, ai ei aid, aim, rain, afraid, wait, maid, straight, faith (信念, 宗教信仰, 忠实,), aw C: draw, law, saw, awful, raw, e- ea i: teacher, tea, eat, meat, read, clean, heal, e bread, breakfast, head, ei great, break, steak, ee i: meet, teeth, see, three, green, week, freezing, queen, ei ei eight, weigh, weight, i: receive, ceiling, deceit (n.欺骗, 谎言), deceive(v. 欺骗, 谎言), receipt (收条, 收据, 收到), perceive (v.察觉感知, 感到), conceit (原义;自负, 幻想), er E: her, herd(兽群, 牧群/放牧), emergency (紧急情况, 紧急突发事件, 非常时刻,), E teacher, sister, brother, farmer, worker, letter, over, ear iE ear, hear, near, year, fear, earwig (偷听者), ZE pear, wear, swear(宣誓, 发誓), E: early, earth, earn, ere iE here, sphere (球体), hemisphere (半球), ZE there, ere (prep/conj. 前于.; 在.以前), eir ZE their, eer iE beer, deer, cheer(欢呼/喝彩), sneer(冷笑,讥笑), jeer(讥讽嘲弄), engineer, , ey ei they, grey, hey, ew ju: new, few, hew(砍), view(景色, 风景, 观点, 见解), ewe (母羊), i- ir E: girl, sir, thirsty, shirt, skirt, first, thirty, whirl(使)旋转), stir (轰动, 激起,搅动), ie i: piece, niece(侄女, 甥女), field, thief, believe, belief, achieve(完成, 达到), chief(首领, 领袖, 酋长, 长官/主要的, 首要的, 首席的, 主任的), grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), relief(痛苦等的)减轻), ire aiE tire(轮胎；使劳累), tired(累的，疲劳的), wire(金属丝, 电线), igh ai right, light, fight, might(也许, 或许; 可能), night, knight, o- or C: or, for, fork, morning, short, torch, more, E: work, worker, E actor, doctor, forget, oa Eu boat, coat, goat, goal, oo u:school, food, too, room, tooth, spoon, moon, boot, root, wool, mood(心情, 情绪, 语气, 状态), u book, look, cook, good, football, foot Q blood, flood, ou au house, blouse, trousers, mouse, mouth, south, ouch, out, our, hour, flour, sour, mountain, Q young, touch, rough(粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的), u: you, through, rouge ru:V(擦口红/胭脂), uwould, could, should, C: cough, ow au brown, down, how, now, towel, tower, Eu yellow, bowl, show, blow, snow, throw oy/oi Ci boy, toy, enjoy, employ, / noise, noisy, toilet, oil, boil, our au our, flour(面粉) C: your, four, course, ore C: before, more, forehead, foresee, oor C:/ JE/ door, floor, moor(荒野;停泊, 系住), u- ur E: turn, Thursday, hurt, fur, urge, further, urban (城市的, 市内的), suburb, suburbia (郊区居民), ure picture, futuretFE, / sureFuE, /pleasure, measureVE, ua JE usual, usually, February, graduate grAdJEt(大学)毕业生, 研究生), 非组合发音： graduate grAdjJeit (v. (使)(大学)毕业), jJEJanuary, uy ai buy, guy, 五、音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读：1. 音节就是英文单词字母(或发音)的排列单位，一个单位算一节。连读起来轻重缓急，流利有节奏，便于听说阅读。2. 音节的结构、类型：口诀： 完全结构头中尾(音头/音中/音尾)，元音字母占中央(包含组合)，缺头少尾有开闭(音节)，e尾/成音/r音节。开音节/闭音节：以元音或不发音的e结尾的叫开音节，以辅音结尾的是闭音节。开音节(词) ：以开音节结尾 a, area, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy, grey, ba*by, ru*ler, rub*ber, fa*ther, the, she, we, he, bee, ta*ble, ap*ple, name, bi*cy*cle, banana, orange, some,闭音节(词)：bas*ket, bag, cap, class, miss, cross, rain, ti*red, bed, red, yes, egg, sit, it, begin(开始), hot, not, boat, boil(沸腾，煮沸，激动), cup, sun, cut, put, but, mutton(羊肉), meet, woman, r音节：元音字母(a e i o u) + r构成的独立的音节，也可以前后加辅音字母共同构成音节。 例如：far(远的), arm, er (嗯), her, tea*cher, ru*ler, sir, girl, stir(轰动, 激起), or, for(为了，对于，因为，适合), short, fur(毛皮), turn, / article(文章), order (命令, 定购, 定制；次序, 顺序,秩序), urgent (急迫的, 紧急的), urban (城市的, 市内的), 成音节： 辅音字母(有时跟不发音/弱化音的元音字母) + l, m, n, (常常带有不发音的e)可算作一个音节。 例如：label (贴)标签), pupil, pencil sl, table, bicycle, little tl, apple pl, 3. 划分音节口诀： 音节中心看母音，辅音要向两边站。中心之间辅音连，一靠后,二分手；多个中间偏左右，字母组合算一个(音)。多音节尾 -l -m n(e)，前有辅音成音节。例子：学会一眼识破音节数目，运用语音规则，做到见字读音。闭音节：pen pen, cap kAp, bas*ket bB:skit, green gri:n, book buk, and And, eat i:t,开音节：he hi:, she Fi:, tea ti:,my mai, teacher ti:tFE, ready redi, July dVu(:)lai, ruler ru:lE, her hE:,成音节： table teibl, apple pl, bottle tl, middle dl, bicycle baisikl, pencil sl, seven sevn, eleven i lev(E)n, 不发音的e 尾：come kQm, please pli:z, whose hu:z, nice nais, name neim, give giv,（开音节的外形，多读长音。）4. 单词重音（重音符号）：双音节和多音节词中常常重读一个音节，其它读轻音。遇到生词，有音标当然省事，但在无音标的情况下，至于哪个音节要重读，由于英语词源、构词、例外情况等诸多因素限制，不可能将每个生词读的完全无误。只能掌握的一般规律：重音口诀： 为了顺口有节奏，张口由大变到小(省气力)，大口/长音多重读，还要保持身平衡(整个单词发音)，特别写法长又多(特别是写法很长的多音节词)，倒数第三多琢磨。(一般是)前轻-中重-后又轻。哪儿平顺哪(儿)读重。一般具体做法是： 单音节都重读；这类单词很多。例如：meet, and, class, which, house, bread 双音节词 (发长音或大口音重读, 这类单词很多，例如：teacher ti:tFE, ruler ru:lE, basket bB:skit, apple Apl, table teibl,tired taiEd, lazy leizi, open EupEn, / sorry sCri, July, prefer, police, today, (两音平(音长和张口大小接近的)开头重读; 这类单词很多，例如：rubber, Sandy, sandwich, pencil, brother, woman, sister, ready, hungry, very, busy, picture, listen, Betty, empty, pretty, clever klevE, letter letE, (带前后缀多词根重读。例如：again, aloud, asleep, begin, before, beside, behind, /quickly, friendship, boyish, building, 多音节词倒数第三个元音字母(音节)重读。带前后缀多词根重读。例如：Italy,(Italian), American, beautiful, nationality, exercise, chocolate, newspaper, / suddenly, international, championship, countable, interesting, mechanotherapy (力学疗法), 合成词保持开头单词的重音：例如：policeman, pencil-box, football, ice-cream, classroom, schoolboy, postman, milkman, tea-pot, Jack-in-the-box, hide-and-seek, snakes-and-ladders,9