英语八下知识点.doc

2015年新目标英语八年级下册Unit6单元总结提升
一、短语荟萃
1.a little bit有点儿；稍微2.instead of代替；反而3.turn…into变成4.once upon a time从前5.fall in love with爱上；喜欢上6.get married结婚7.as soon as一……就……；尽快 8.work on忙于；从事9.take sth. away把某物带走10.think about考虑11.break open摔破；打开12.give birth (to sb./sth.)生孩子/产仔13.turn…into…变成14.be born出生15.put on穿上16.give up放弃17.because of因为18.different opinions不同的观点19.the main character主人公20.at other times平时；有时21.make 72 changes做出72种变化22.hide his tail隐藏他的尾巴e out出现；出版；结果是24.the weak弱者25.make a dress做衣服26.think of ways想出方法27.all over the world全世界28.sound stupid听起来愚蠢29.in the forest在森林里30.the whole family整个家庭31.be quiet安静32.go to sleep去睡觉33.get up起床34.along the way沿路35.go out出去36.be lost迷路37.wake up醒来38.pieces of bread面包屑39.never mind不要紧40.a good way to solve his problem解决他的问题的好方法41.learn about了解42.send sb. to do sth.派某人做某事43.be/become interested in对……感兴趣
44.can’t stop doing sth.忍不住做某事45.continue to do sth.继续做某事
二、用法集萃
1.try to do sth.设法做某事2.finish doing sth.完成做某事3.continue to do sth.继续做某事4.make sb do sth.让某人做某事5.keep doing sth.一直做某事6.instead of doing sth.代替做某事7.be able to do sth.能够做某事8.love doing sth.喜欢做某事9.a new TV program called Monkey一部名叫《美猴王》的新电视节目10.It takes /took some time to do sth.花费一段时间做某事11.have no time to do sth.没有时间做某事12.can’t stop doing sth.忍不住/情不自禁做某事13.hear sb doing sth.听见某人正在做某事14.lead sb to someplace（道路等）引导某人到达某地；带领某人去某地15.leave sth. at/in someplace把某物遗忘在某地16.show sb sth.向某人展示某物17.become interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣
三、句型总汇
Section A 1.Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two/three gods to take the mountains away.最终，一个神仙被愚公感动了，他派了两个/三个神仙将大山搬走了。2. This story reminds us that you can never know/see what’s possible unless you try to make it happen.这个故事提醒我们：你永远不会知道/看见什么是可能的，除非你努力使它发生。3. I think it’s a little bit silly.我认为那有点傻。4.This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.这是因为他会72变，能把自己变成形状与大小不同的动物和物体。5.And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago.30多年前，那个电视节目一经播出6.Once upon a time, there was a very old man.从前，有一位年迈的老人。7.
Section B 1. The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die.妻子告诉丈夫，除非让孩子们死在森林里，否则全家都得饿死。2. Did you hear our stepmother planning to kill us?你听见我们的继母计划害死我们了吗？3.What a long time you slept in the forest!你们在森林里睡了这么长时间！4.It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread, cake and candy.它正把我们引向那座用面包、蛋糕和糖果做成的奇妙的房子。5. Then they hear an old woman’s voice from inside the house.随后，他们听到房子里传来一个老妇人的声音。6.
四、交际用语
A、表达自己观点的句型
I think…我认为…… Well, I still don’t agree with you.嗯，我仍然不同意你（的观点）。
B、讲故事的常用语
Once upon a time, there was…从前，有……My favorite story is…我最喜欢的故事是……
C、询问故事相关信息的用语
How does the story begin?故事是怎么开始的？What happened next?接下来发生了什么？
五、语法天地
as soon as, unless 和so…that…引导的状语从句
1.as soon as引导的状语从句 as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。从句位于主句前后均可；若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。As soon as she entered the room, she knew there was something wrong. I’ll come over to your place as soon as I finish my work.
注意：引导时间状语从句的其他常用连词有when, while, as, before, after, since, until等。
2. unless 引导的状语从句 unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非……，如果不……”。在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Unless some extra money is found, the theatre will close. I can’t leave her unless I know she’s right.
3.so…that…引导的状语从句 so…that…引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，主要有如下用法：so +adj/adv; adj+a/an+可数名词单数；many/few+可数名词复数；much/little+不可数名词+that从句 He studies so hard that he does well in every subject. Kathy is so lovely a girl that we all like to be with her. He made so many mistakes that he failed the exam once again. There was so much smoke that they couldn’t see across the hallway.
注意：such…that…也引导结果状语从句，such后跟的是名词或名词短语。

英语八年级下（新版）人教新课标Unit5必背词组及句子
必背词组
1. in/on the street 在街上
2. at the bus stop在公共汽车站
3. at the time of the rainstorm在下暴雨的时候
4. in time of difficulty面对困难的时候
5. at that time在那时
6. go off 发声音
7. miss the bus错过了公共汽车
8. pick up（本单元）接电话
9. take a hot shower洗个热水澡
10. strong winds狂风
11. heavy rain/snow 大雨/雪
12. dark clouds乌云
13. be in the area在这个区域
14. make sure确保，弄明白
15. make dinner做晚餐
16. fall asleep/ill入睡/生病
17. fall in trouble遇到麻烦
18. fall in love with…爱上……
19. die down逐渐变弱
20. die out灭绝
21. die away消失
22. die of/ from…死于……
23. wake up醒来
24. find the neighborhood in a mess发现周转一团糟
25. join somebody to do something（加入）和某人一起做……
26. take the car to the car wash把车开到洗车场
27. the place of the accident事故发生地
28. by the side of …在……边上
29. get to the bus stop到达汽车站
30. make one’s way to somewhere往……去。前进。
31. be helpful to do something做……有帮助
32. the news of important events in history历史上的重要事件的新闻
33. the news on the radio/ TV收音机/电视的新闻
34. be completely shocked被彻底震惊
35. in silence静静地
36. in surprise 吃惊地
37. in joy 高兴地
38. the rest of …其余的……；剩下的……
39. the World Trade Center世贸中心
40. be taken down by terrorists被恐怖分子摧毁
41. have meaning to somebody对某人有特别的意义
42. a day Kate Smith will never forget 凯特 Smith永远不会忘记的一天
43. remember doing something记得做过了……
44. look out the window看窗外
45. have trouble/ difficulty /problem (in) doing something做……有麻烦/困难/问题
46. there is trouble /difficulty / problem (in) doing something做……有麻烦/困难/问题
47. point out指出
48. the big day一个重要的日子
49. sat still and listened
50. played the song without any mistakes毫不出错地演奏了这首歌
51. call out the winner大声喊出胜者
52. the happiest day of my life我生命中最高兴的一天
53. so far到目前为止
54. get wet打湿
55. be caught in the rain被阻于雨中
56. be caught under a big stone被压于大石下
57. all of sudden突然
58. be busy doing something忙于做……
59. be busy with something忙于做……
60. leave somebody / something somewhere把某人/某物留在某地
61. run back home跑回家
62. the Animal Helpline动物求助热X Kb 1. Com
63. walk by路过
64. cheer somebody on给某人加油/打气

必背句子

1. What were you doing when the rainstorm came?当暴风雨来临的时候，你在做什么？
2. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.本的爸爸正在把木块绑在窗户上，同时他妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。
3. I called at seven and you didn’t pick up.7点钟时我打电话，你没有接。
4. I was in the kitchen helping my mom.我在厨房里帮助妈妈。
5. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有光，感到像半夜一样。
6. The rain began to beat heavily against the windows.雨开始重重地打在窗户上。
7. It was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.屋外有如此严重的风暴，很难玩得高兴。
8. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.到处都是倒了的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。
9. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together.尽管风暴撕散了很多东西，但却把家人和邻居更亲密地团结在一起。
10. On this day, Dr. Martin Luther King was killed.这一天，马丁.路德.金被杀害了。
11. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.我是如此害怕，以至于事后我几乎不能想清楚。
12. Other people had seen the light as well.另外的人也看见了那束光。
13. I’m so glad I didn’t decide to play basketball.我如此高兴没有决定去打篮球。
14. It got water all over me.它弄了我一身水。
15. It felt so good to be home.在家感到如此棒。
16. No wonder you didn’t make it to the competition.难怪你没有来参加比赛。
八年级下册Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.知识点汇总
重点短语
1. regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着2. so far 迄今;到现在为止3. in need 需要4. not.. anymore 不再……5. welcome to sp_ 欢迎来到… :6. check out 察看;观察
7. board games 棋类游戏8. one last thing 最后一样东西9. junior high school 初级中学
10. clear out 清理11. no longer 不再;不复12. toy monkey 玩具猴13. part with 与……分开14. to be honest 说实在的15. have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖16. give away 捐赠
17. bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆18. play for a while 玩一会儿
19. do with... 处置;处理20. search for work 找工作21. for the last 22 years 在过去的22年里
23. the mid-20th century 20世纪中期24. stay the same 保持原状25. according to 依据;按照
26. in one’s opinion 依……看27. in my time 在我那个年代
重点精讲
1.  Some… Others...
【解析】Some… Others...一些人…另一些人
e.g. Somestudents are in the classroom, others are in the playground.
一些学生在教室，另一些在操场。
2. to be honest意为“老实说；说实在的”，相当于to tell you the truth或honestly speaking, 常在句中作插入语。
Eg：To be honest, I have little money. 老实说，我几乎没有钱。
3. check out意为”价差；审查”
You’d better check out your engine. 你最好检查一下你的发动机。
【拓展】check out 还可为不及物动词短语，意为“结账离开”。
Eg：他十分钟前付清费用离开了。
注意：check out 也有“检查，核对”之意，但是强调查明真相，核对事实。
4. So we’ve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedrooms for a yard sale.
这是一个现在完成进行时的句子。现在完成进行时通常要和时间段连用，表示在某段时间内，某动作一直在进行，结构为“have/has been+v-ing +时间段”。
Eg：The workers have been working for three hours. 这些工人已经工作3个小时了。
注意：如果对时间段提问，疑问短语用how long。如对上面例句中的for短语进行提问：
How long have the workers been working?  这些工人工作多长时间了？
5.clear out 意为“清理，收拾干净，清除掉”。
Eg: I decided to clear out all the old shoes that we never wear. 我已经决定把我们从来不穿的旧鞋统统加以清除。
【思考】clear out与clean out区别
clear out与clean out这两个短语都有“使......干净”的意思，但实际意思是不同的，前者意为“使......被清除掉，使.....空出来”。而clean out则是“使......清洁”之意。
E.g.：I’ll clear out that closet and then you can hang your clothes in there.
我会把衣橱腾出来，你就可以放衣服了。
Be sure to clean out the kitchen when you finish cooking.
做晚饭时，一定要把厨房收拾干净。
6. part with 意为“舍弃，放弃(对......的占有)；卖掉(东西)”。
Eg：He was very sorry to part with his favorite horses.  他卖掉他最喜欢的几匹马，心里很难过。
【思考】part from与part with区别
part from 的意思是“分开，离开”，多用于人；part with=give up，是“卖掉，放弃，断绝关系，跟......分开”的意思，主要用于物。part from 作“分开”讲时，是瞬间动词，不能表示“持久”的意思，from后接表示人的名词或代词。
Eg：I often part from my parents after breakfast. 我常在早饭后与父母分开。
7. as for 是一个固定短语，意为“至于......；关于......”往往用于说话时提及的另一个人或事，或事物的另一个方面，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
Eg：As for that computer, I’m not telling you anything. 至于说哪台电脑，我什么都不会告诉你。
8do with意为“处理”，常与what连用，表示询问。
Eg：What are you going to do with your old clothes? 你打算怎么处理你的旧衣服？
【拓展】deal with意为“解决，应付，处理”多与how 连用。deal为动词deal-dealt-dealt，
with为介词，后面常接trouble，problem等词。
Eg：I don’t know how to deal with the problem.我不知道如何处理这个问题。
9. the same as 意为“和......一样”短语中的as是介词。
Eg：Your shirt is the same as that one. 你的T-恤和那件一样。
Reading a good book is just the same as breathing the fresh air.
看一本好书就像呼吸着新鲜的空气。
10. so far =up to/until now，意为“迄今为止；到目前为止”，该短语常用语句首或句末，在句中作状语，句子常用现在完成时，也可以用一般时，表示范围、程度或距离。
Eg：It rains every day so far this month.   直到现在这个月每天都在下雨。
A hero is known in the time of misfortune.时势造英雄。
11. According to Zhong Wei, however, some things will never change.
according to 意为“依照，按照”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句
e.g. He divided them into three groups according to age. 他把他们按年龄分成三组。
12. consider 动词，意为“考虑”，=think about，后跟名词，代词，动名词，宾语从句或“疑问词+不定式”。
e.g. Please consider my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。
   I am considering changing my job.我正在考虑换份工作。
   He has never considered how to solve the problem他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。
【拓展】在与动词连用时，只能用动名词形式的动词或短语有：
Consider/ enjoy/practice /keep （on）/mind/ finish/ have fun /feel like /look forward to / can’t help /give up /歌诀：喜欢错过别介意，完成愉快勤练习，禁不住考虑想放弃
语法难点
现在完成时常与“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”连用。
 since +从句，从句用一般过去时。
Eg：He’s been here since he came to China. 自从他来中国就一直住在这儿。
注意：for 和since引导的时间状语不能与终止性动词的肯定式连用，但可和其否定式连用。
Eg：Mr. Smith hasn’t come to China for three years. 史密斯先生三年没来中国了。
用for 或since填空
1. She has been ill ________ more than to two weeks.
2. I haven’t met him __________about 2years.
3. Mary has been here ___________ eight o’clock this morning.
4. It hasn’t rained ____________ two months ago.
5. They have been my friends _________I was a child.
八年级下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?要点全面讲解与单元测试
一、重点短语
1.        at night在夜晚
2.        in a more natural environment在一个更加自然的环境中
3.        all year round一年到头;终年            4. be far from 离……远
5. in the dark 在黑暗中                    6. in the past 在过去     
7. have been to sp.  去过某地               8.science museum   科学博物馆
9.      history museum  历史博物馆            10.amusement park  游乐园
10.  go somewhere different 去不同的地方
11.  go skating  去滑冰                     12.take the subway  坐地铁
13.a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon一个过周六下午的好方法
14.all the old movie cameras所有的古老的电影摄影机
15.learn about sth.了解有关......的情况
16.on the weekend 在周末                 
17.camp in the mountains 在大山里露营
18.put up a tent搭帐篷  
19.in such a rapid way   以如此迅猛的方式
20.different kinds of各种各样的             
21.development of toilets 厕所的发展
22.social groups 社会团体                 
23.the tea art performances茶艺表演
24.make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets
用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶
25.a nice place to enjoy tea 一个品茶的好地方
26.thousands of  数以千计的  
27.International Museum of Toilets国际厕所博物馆 
28.the Terracotta Army 兵马俑 
29.Southeast Asia东南亚                 30.Night Safari 夜间动物园  31three quarters 四分之三               
32.an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家  
33.have problem doing sth. 做某事很困难 
34.during the daytime在白天                  35.a couple of times  好几次 36.right now  现在；目前
37.an amusement park with a special theme一个有特别的主题的游乐园 
38.walk around the park在公园里到处走 
39.hear of 听说                             40.take a ride兜风 
41.another province另一个省                 42.the Bird’s Nest鸟巢
43.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 
44.on the one hand... on the other hand.一方面，另一方面
二、重点句型
1.  Have you ever been to... ?
Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？
2. Let’s do sth 让我们一起去做某事吧
  Let’s go somewhere different today.我们今天去个不同的地方吧。
3. It’s~\~adj. +that...
It’ s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!
  科技以如此迅猛的方式发展真是令人难以置信啊！
4. Whether... ,  you’ll...
Whether  you  like  Indian  food，Western  food  or  Japanese food,  you’ll find it all in Singapore!
  不管你喜欢印度食品、西方食品还是日本食品，在新加坡你都能找到！
5. One great thing is that.
  One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year  round.新加坡一个很大的特征是它的气温几乎一年到头都是一样的。
6. It is best to do sth..
  It is best to visit Singapore...最好……游览新加坡。
三．重点知识点讲解
Section A
1. — Have you ever been to a science museum?你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？
  — Yes，I have.   是的，去过。
【解析1】ever 曾经 (用于现在完成时。ever用于疑问句、否定句)
—Have you ever seen the film?
— No, never.
【解析2】have/has been to / have / has gone to / have/ has been in 辨析：
 ⑴  have/ has been to + 地名  “曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。
 He has been to England twice．他曾经去过英国两次。(现在已经不在英国了)
 Have you ever been to the Great Wall？你到过长城吗?（现在已经不在长城上）
 ⑵ have gone to “已经去某地了” ， 说话时该人不在现场。
 He has gone to England。他已去英国了。
(已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或者在去英国的路上)

2. Me neither 我也没有。
【解析】在英语中，表示“也”的知识归纳如下：
                      主语 + neither
A. 否定句中的“也”   neither +助动词/be + 主语
                      完整的否定句后加either，但要加逗号隔开。
E:g:
— He didn’t go to school. 他没有去上学。
—Me neither.
 Neither did I
I didn’t go to school, either.
      主语 + too
 B.肯定句中的“也”      so +助动词/be+ 主语
                       完整的肯定句后加too，且要用逗号隔开。
E.g. : —He is a good student.
— Me too.
So am I
I’m a good student, too.

3. It’s really interesting, isn’t it?
【反意疑问句】
一、定义：即附加疑问句。表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。
二、结构： 陈述句 + 附加疑问句？ It’s hot today ,isn’t it ?
三、原则： 1.前肯后否，前否后肯
 2.前名后代
3.时态一致
They work hard, don’t they?
四、做题方法
（一）找动词
（1）如果句中有助动词、情态动词、be动词，反意疑问句中也相应的用助动词、情态动词、be动词。
     He is a student, _____________?
 (2) 如果句中没有助动词、情态动词、be动词，只有实义动词时，就要借助助动词do的形式（do , does , did ）
   She often get up at 6:30 every morning,___________?
(二) 判断句子是肯定还是否定，“前肯后否，前否后肯”
The students have planted many trees,_________?
(三) 反意疑问句的主语必须转换成人称代词主格。
The boy can’t swim,___________?
 4. I learned about the inventions that led to color movies, too.
我还了解