香港朗文5B各单元重点知识与练习(1).doc

Unit1 A busy weekend
[知识点归纳]
一、重要单词、短语：

on holiday: 度假
on duty: 值日
tear the toilet paper: 撕纸
break the vase: 打坏花瓶
do the housework: 做家务
take the dog for a walk: 溜狗
draw on the wall: 在墙上画画
be worried about: worry about 担心
on the computer: 在电脑上
write an e-mail: 写电邮
go out: 出门
throw away the rubbish: 丢垃圾
write a shopping list: 写购物清单
clear up the mess: 清理乱团
call me on 1234 1234: 打1234 1234找我
make a mess: 弄得乱糟糟

二、重要句型：
Grandpa is taking the dog for a walk. They have drunk the milk.
He has eaten the sandwich. --- Have you written a shopping list yet?
--- Yes, I have already written a shopping list.--- Have you thrown away the rubbish yet?
--- No, I haven’t thrown away the rubbish yet.
[巩固练习]
一、写出下列动词的过去式，过去分词，现在分词。

break _________ _________ _________
do _________ _________ _________
draw _________ _________ _________
drink _________ _________ _________
eat _________ _________ _________
give _________ _________ _________
go _________ _________ _________
swim _________ _________ _________
take _________ _________ _________
tear _________ _________ _________
throw _________ _________ _________
write _________ _________ _________

二、仿照例子写句子。
tear the toilet paper
eg. He is tearing the toilet paper now.
He has torn the toilet paper.
He tore the toilet paper a moment ago.
make a mess
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
draw on the wall
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
break a vase
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
三、句型转换：把下列各句变为否定句和一般疑问句。
eg: He has already done his housework.
He hasn’t done his homework yet.
Has he done his homework yet?
1. Tom has already made a mistake.
____________________________________
____________________________________
2. Lily has already been to Canada three times.
____________________________________
____________________________________
3. They have already made a mess.
____________________________________
____________________________________

Unit 2 Special things we have done
[知识点归纳]
一、重要单词、短语：

ride a horse: 骑马
wear a costume: 穿戏服
fly in a balloon 坐轻气球
sing on the stage: 在舞台上唱歌
drive a racing car: 赛车
take a photo of cartoon characters: 拍卡通照
famous: 著名的
interesting: 有趣的
exciting: 兴奋的
so far: 直到现在
play games: 玩游戏
break records: 破纪录
dangerous: 危险的
fly around the world: 球飞世界
spend holidays: 度假
write to sb.: 写信给某人
speak to sb.: 和某人谈话
sing in a concert: 在音乐会上唱歌

二、重要句型：
Cherry is riding a horse.
Sir Richard has had a very interesting and exciting life so far.
Sir Richard enjoys doing dangerous and exciting things.
Sir Richard has tried to fly around the world.
Sir Richard doesn’t like smoking.
He always in invites his staff to join him.
He is one of the richest businessmen in the world.
三、语法：
现在进行进，be (am/ is/ are) + 动词的现在分词(V-ing)
现在完成时，have/ has +动词的过去分词(V-ed)
[巩固练习]
一、写出下列动词的过去式，过去分词，现在分词。

ride _________ _________ _________
wear _________ _________ _________
fly _________ _________ _________
sing _________ _________ _________
drive _________ _________ _________
take _________ _________ _________
speak _________ _________ _________
see _________ _________ _________
write _________ _________ _________

二、仿照例句造句：
eg: be/ right a horse.
→ He is riding a horse.
→ He has ridden a horse.
1. Mary/ wear a costume
→ ____________________________________
→ ____________________________________
2. Tom/ drive a racing car
→ ____________________________________
→ ____________________________________
3. Peter and Tim/ fly in a balloon
→ ____________________________________
→ ____________________________________
4. she/ sing in a concert
→ ____________________________________
→ ____________________________________
三、用括号中动词的正确形式填空：
Sir Richard _________ (start) his first company when he _________ (be) thirteen. Now he (run) many companies. When he travels on his own airline, he always _________ (help) his staff. He _________(talk) to passengers, _________ (serve) drinks and _________ (play) games with children.
Sir Richard has done many things. He _________ (break) the world record for crossing the Pacific Ocean in a balloon. He _________ (try) to fly around the world too. Once there _________ (be) a fire in his balloon and he _________ (have) to land in the sea.
Sir Richard is one of _________ (rich) businessmen in the world.
四、IQ测试：
1. What’s the biggest city in China?
_____________________________________________
2. Which three letters can frighten a thief?
_____________________________________________
3. Which letter is a kind of vegetables?
_____________________________________________
4. How many little starts in the China’s flag?
_____________________________________________

Unit 3 Trees
[知识点归纳]
一、重要单词、短语：

-
talk about 谈论
broad 广阔的
short 短的
leaf 树叶
long 长的
narrow 窄的
branch 树枝
think 薄的
thick 厚的
trunk 树干
shallow 浅的
deep 深的
root 根
shade 树萌
cut down 吹倒
wood 木头
make furniture 做完具
outside 在…外面
keep cool 保持凉爽
upon 在……上面
hillside 山坡
hilltop 山顶
beside 在……旁边
jungle 灌木丛
desert 沙漠
provide 提供
seaside 海边
neigh bour hood 邻近地区
poem 诗歌
poet 诗人
important 重要的
sunlight 阳光
take in 吸收
look after 照顾

二、重要句型：
There is a tree outside my window.
It keeps me cool.
Jane swings in the tree.
The tree gives her lots of fun.
They need to get water from the soil.
They get food from these.
They hold the soil together.
They make the air clean.
Why do trees have roots?
Trees have roots because they need to get water from the soil to get water from the soil.
[巩固练习]
一、写出下列单词的反义词。

broad _________
long _________
thin _________
deep _________
tall _________
big _________
fat _________
leaf (变复数) _________

二、把下列各句改为特殊疑问句，并作出回答。
1. Trees have roots. (用why 提问)
_____________________________________________
答句：_____________________________________________
2. Animals live in trees.
_____________________________________________
答句：_____________________________________________
3. We need trees.
_____________________________________________
答句：_____________________________________________
4. Trees are useful.
_____________________________________________
答句：_____________________________________________
三、单项选择题
( ) 1. There’s a tree _________ my window.
A. in B. upon C. on D. outside
( ) 2. There’s a tree _________ braces are thin.
A. where B. which C. who D. whose
( ) 3. There’s a tree _________ the seaside.
A. upon B. on C. beside
四、写作。
要求：1. 题目：围绕Trees are useful and important.
2. 语言通顺，无语法错误。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 4 Eating habits
[知识点归纳]
一、重要单词、短语：

healthy: 健康的
vegetables: 蔬菜
soft drinks: 软饮料
fresh fruit: 新鲜水果
fried food: 油炸食品
a healthy diet: 健康饮食
an unhealthy diet: 不健康饮食
too many 太多（修饰可数名词）
too much 太多（修饰不可数名词）
have lunch with sb.: 和某人共进午餐
plenty of 大量（修饰可数和不可数名词）
give advice: 提建议
overweigh: 超重
as fast as… 和…一样快
keep up with = catch up with: 赶上追上
have a look at = look at: 看一看
be good for: 对…有好处
take exercise: 做运动
the summer holidays: 暑假
the winter holidays: 寒假
make friends with sb.: 和某人交友
go back to school: 返校
What’s the matter? = What’s wrong? 怎么啦？
What happened to you? 发生什么事
unhealthy: 不健康的
salted food: 腌制食品
join in: 参加
meat: 肉
Help fat children get fit: 帮助肥胖小孩变得健康。

二、重要句型：
He has an unhealthy diet.
He eats too much meat.
He drinks too many drinks.
He drinks plenty of water.
He eats plenty of apples.
Eat plenty of vegetables and fruit.
Don’t eat too many sweets.
三、语法：
1. too many, too much, plenty of, enough的区别
2. 祈使句
3. 一般现在时
[巩固练习]
一、做个很棒的翻译家

1. 健康饮食__________________
2. 腌制食物__________________
3. 新鲜果蔬__________________
4. 油炸食品__________________
5. 赶上，追上__________________
6. 喝大量的水__________________
7. 和…共进午餐__________________
8. 做运动__________________
9. 怎么啦？__________________
10. 返校__________________

二、选择填空
too many too much plenty enough
1. Drink _________ water every day!
2. Do you have _________ money to buy the computer?
3. Don’t drink _________ wine! It’s bad for your health.
4. He is too fat, because he eats _________ soft drinks.
5. Don’t eat _________ meat!
6. Plants need _________ water and sunlight.
7. Eat _________ vegetables every day.
8. Don’t eat _________ friend food.
9. You shouldn’t eat _________ sweets. It’s bad for your teeth.
10. We need _________ fresh air.
三、健康饮食专家，快来帮帮我！
1. 每天早睡早起。
_____________________________________________
2. 每天吃大量的蔬菜，水果，喝大量的水。
_____________________________________________
3. 不要吃太多的油炸食品和腌制食物。
_____________________________________________
4. 不要吃太多的糖果。
_____________________________________________
5. 每天做锻炼。
_____________________________________________
四、阅读短文，完成表格。
Don’t eat too much salted food. Salted food is not good for us. Eat plenty of vegetables and fruit. They are good for us. Don’t drink too much coffee. Coffee is bad for us. Don’t eat too many sweet. Sweets are not good for our teeth. Drink plenty of water. Water is very useful to us. Finally take enough exercise every day.
It can make you stronger and healthier.

Do
Why?

Don’t do
Why?

Unit 5 A Healthy diet
[知识归纳]
一、重要单词，短语：

1. fruit tarts 水果馅饼
2. soup 汤
3. prawns (pl.) 对虾
4. roast beef 烤牛肉
5. steamed fish 蒸鱼
6. fried rice 炒饭
7. chicken wings (pl.) 鸡翅
8. grapes (pl.) 葡萄
9. keep sth. for sb. 给某人留……
10. be good for sb. 对某人有好处……
11. be on a diet 节食
12. love doing… 爱做…

13. 几个比较级变化的单词
healthy – healthier few - fewer little – less
二、重点句型
+ 可数名词
1. Candy likes
+不可数名词
2. A. There is a little
+ 不可数名词
There is a lot of
B. There are a few
+可数名词复数形式
There are a lot of
3. +不可数名词复数形式 than……
Peter has more
+不可数名词
fewer + 可数名词复数 than ……
Peter has
less + 不可数名词
三、语法。
1. 区分可数名词与不可数名词的概念，掌握常见的可数名词。
2. a little 只修饰不可数名词，表示“少许……”，对应比较级less
a few 只修饰可数名词复数，表示“少量……”，对应比较级fewer
a lot of 可修饰可数/不可数名词，表示“许多……”，对应比较级more
习题：
一、把下列各词中的可数名词划上（√），不可数名词划上（×）

1. book ________
2. egg ________
3. chicken (鸡肉) ________
4. chicken wing ________
5. ham ________
6. soup ________
7. group ________
8. prawn ________
9. fish ________
10. fruit tarts ________
11. orange juice ________
12. milk ________

二、根据动词原型写出过去式，过去分词。

1. go ________ ________
2. eat ________ ________
3. hear ________ ________
4. say ________ ________
5. be ________ ________
6. catch ________ ________
7. give ________ ________
8. drink ________ ________

三、根据要求填写句子。
1. Lily has a little milks, Lucy has a lot of milk.
Lucy has ________ milk than Lily.
Lily has ________ milk than Lucy.
2. Penny has a few grapes, his parents have a lot of grapes.
Penny’s parents ________ ________ grapes than penny.
Penny ________ ________ grapes than his parents.
3. Tom’s brother has a lot of prawns, Tom has a few prawns.
Tom has ________ prawns than his brother.
Tom’s brother has ________ prawns than Tom.
4. There is a lot of fried ride on Susan’s plate. (变为一般疑问句)

5. There are a few vegetables in the basket. (划线部分提问)

6. Miss Li has more fish and chicken than her daughter. (划线部分提问)

7. Tom’s diet is more healthier. (划线部分提问)

8. Lily is on a diet, she is over weight. (划线部分提问)

9. The big family loved eating sweets and fried food? (划线部分提问)

10. We will keep this beautiful flower for our mother. (改为被动语态)

四、饮食健康检测问答。
想知道自己的饮食习惯是否合理吗？想知道哪些饮食习惯对健康有害吗？通过下面的小测验你知道了。
Do you have a healthy diet?
1. Do you have fruit at the breakfast?
A. Yes. B. No.
2. Do you eat more meat than vegetables?
A. Yes. B. No.
3. How many times do you drink milk every day?
A. twice. B. more than two times
4. Have you ever eaten sweets before you go to bed?
A. Yes B. No
5. What would you like to drink more?
A. cola B. fruit juice
6. What would you like to eat more?
A. bread B. hat dog
7. How many kinds of vegetables do you usually eat every day!
A. more than 4 B. less than 4
8. Will you go on a diet to lose weight?
A. Yes B. No
五、计算得分：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A、2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0
B、0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2
结果：
If you’ve got 0-6: You have a bad diet. It’s not good for you health. You should eat more fruits and vegetables. And drink more fruit juice than cola.
6-12: Your diet is OK, but of you want to be more healthier, you should eat more kinds of vegetables.
12-16: You have a healthy diet. Tell your friends how you have a healthy diet.

Unit 6 Places we visit
一、重点单词及短语。

1. a boat trip 游船
2. the giant Buddha 大佛
3. stadium 露天体育馆
4. a football match 一场足球赛
5. The culture centre 文化中心
6. ballet 芭蕾舞
7. next to 紧挨着…在…旁边
8. between 在…中间
9. behind 在……后
10. escalator 升降梯
11. gallery 画廊
12. information desk 咨询台
13. cloakroom 衣帽间，行礼暂存处
14. marsh 湿地，沼泽地
15. mist 迷雾
16. rare 稀少的
17. frighten 使…害怕
18. shadow 影子
19. scream 尖叫
20. restaurant 饭店

二、重点句型。
1. 情态动词can + 动词原形
Can you help me?
What can they do?
How can she go there?
2. How long does if take to do sth.?
If takes about five minutes to…
3. Let’s take a bus.
三、语法：
1. let’s = let us 后跟动词原形。如：
let’s go let me see let them know
让某人做某事，表示建议
2. It takes five minutes to go there. 其中计代不定式to go there以避免句子头重脚轻。
3. be doing… 表“将要，马上……”
I’m leaving. 我要走了。
4. one, the others 一个，其他所有的
区分
one, another 一个，另一个
[习题]
1. 连线使句子意思完整
A B
we can visit library buy clothes
cinema watch a film
Hong Park have a swim
Dameisha bank watch a football match
Shenzhen Stadium see the Buddha
Dongrlen drink a cup of coffee
Xianhuplants Park read books
Coffee shop watch birds
2. 用完整句子回答下列问题：
1) What can you do on Sundays?

2) How do you go to school? Why?

3) How long does it take to go to school by bus?

4) If you walk to school, How long does it take?

5) Can you help your mother do housework after school?

6) If you need someone’s help. What would you say?

7) If you want to help someone. What would you say?

8) Have you over been to Hong Kong? How did you get there?

9) Can you fly like a bird in the sky? Why?

10) Monster is coming, what can you do?

3