1、代词1.人称代词顺口溜:人称代词有两类,一类主格一类宾;主格代词本领大,一切动作由它发;宾格代词不动脑,介动之后跟着跑。2.物主代词顺口溜:物主代词不示弱,带着“白勺”来捣乱;形容词性物主代,抓住名词不放松;最后只剩名词性,海阔天空任它走。3.人称代词的用法。(1)人称代词有主格、宾格之分,作主语时用主格形式,作宾语时用宾格形式。e.g. Shes a good girl. We all like her.(2)人称代词的排列顺序。单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称第三人称第一人称即you and I ; he/she/it and I ; you , he/she/it and I
2、顺口溜:第一人称最谦虚,但若错误责任担,第一人称学当先。e.g. It was I and John that made her angry.复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为: 第一人称第二人称第三人称 即we and you ; you and they ; we,you and they4.物主代词的用法。形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,后面要接名词;名词性物主代词要单独使用,后面不能接名词。“名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词”e.g. Its not my CD player. Its yours.5.反身代词的用法。英语中用来表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、“你
3、们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词。反身代词要与对应的主语保持“数、人称、词性”的一致。e.g. The children enjoyed themselves in the party last night.6.指示代词的用法。近处的用this/these,远处的用that/those。另外在比较状语从句中常用that代替前面出现过的不可数或单数可数名词,复数可数名词要用those。e.g. This is mine and that is Sandras.7.不定代词的用法。(1)some用在肯定句中,any用在非肯定句中(包括否定句、疑问句和条件句)。当说话人表示请求、建议等并且带有肯定意
4、图时,即使是疑问句,也应该用some系列的不定代词。e.g. If you have any problem,Ill help you. Do you have any books? Would you like some noodles?(2)all,both,every等代词与not,never等否定连用时,构成的只是部分否定;若全部否定,要用none或neither。e.g. Not all of the students went to the amusement park yesterday.(3)all表示“三者或三者以上都” none表示“三者或三者以上都不” both表示“两者
5、都” neither表示“两者都不” either表示“(两者之中)任何一个”e.g. They have all finished the homework. Neither of the movies is interesting.(4)复合不定代词由no,some,any和every加上相应的-one,-body,-thing构成。-one,-body的复合不定代词只用于指人,-thing的复合不定代词只用于指物。作主语时,谓语动词用单数。形容词修饰不定代词时,要放在不定代词的后面。it指上文中提过的同一事物,one和ones指代前面出现的同类可数名词;that指单数名词或不可数名词,those指复数名词。e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Hangzhou.【练习】1.-Who teaches you English? -Miss Smith. And she also teaches French.A.I B.me C.my D.mine 2.-Help to some juice, boys and girls. -Thank you.Mr.White.A.you B.yourself C.yourselves D.yours