Section-ⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints.doc

Section_Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading — Language points

(一)根据首字母提示和英文解释写出下列单词
1．b________：move the top part of your body forwards and
downwards
2．s________：suffer or die because there is not enough
food
3．t________：allow someone to do something that you do not like or approve of
4．d________：protect someone or something from attack
5．s________：the place where sth. happens, especially sth.
unpleasant
6．u________：to make sb. feel unhappy
7．a________：despite sth.; even so
8．d________：it is right that they should have it
答案：1.bend　2.starve　3.tolerate　4.defend　
5．scene 　6.upset　7.anyhow　8.deserve
(二)根据词性和词义写出下列单词
9．act n．(戏剧的)一幕，行为→action n．行动→active adj.积极的
10．frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的→frighten v．使……受到惊吓
11．garbage n．垃圾→rubbish (同义词)垃圾
12．behavior n．行为，举止→behave v．举动，举止
13．teenager n．(13－19岁的)青少年→teens n．青少年时期
14．explanation n．解释，说明→explain v．解释，说明

1．act n．(戏剧的)一幕；行为，举动；法案，法令
vi.采取行动，做事；演出，当演员
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Act One
第一场
(鲜活例句)It is an act of kindness to help a blind man cross the street.
帮助盲人过马路是一种善举。
(鲜活例句)The girl was saved because the doctors acted quickly.
由于医生反应迅速，那个女孩得救了。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
(1)act as　　　　　　　 担任
(2)action n. 行动，作用
take action 采取行动；提出诉讼
in action 在运转，在活动中
out of action 失去作用；损坏
(3)active adj. 积极的，活跃的
①He acted as chairman in my absence.
我不在时他担任主席。
②He ordered us to_take_action at once.
他命令我们立即采取行动。
2．frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Mom! Dad! You're back early! (looking around room, sounding frightened)
妈妈！爸爸！你们这么早就回来了！(环视了一下房间，听起来有点害怕)
(鲜活例句)She was very frightened to look down from the top floor of the building.
她很害怕从那栋建筑物的顶楼往下看。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
(1)be frightened of (doing) sth.　　 害怕(做)某事
be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事
be frightened that ... 害怕……
be frightened to death 吓得要死
(2)frighten v. 使惊吓，使惊恐
frighten sb. /sth. away/off 把……吓走
frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓得某人做某事
(3)frightening adj. 令人害怕的
①He is frightened of walking alone in the street at night.
他晚上不敢一个人在街上走。
②She_was_frightened_to_death_at the sight of so many snakes.
看到这么多的蛇，她吓得要死。
③The children's shouts frightened the birds off.
孩子们的喊声把鸟儿吓飞了。
④He frightened the old man into giving him all the money.
他恐吓那位老人把所有的钱都给了他。
3．bend vi.弯腰，屈身vt.(使)弯曲；使……屈从于；致力于
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)(bending to touch dog) Eric, he's so tired and hungry!
(俯身摸着狗)埃里克，狗怎么又累又饿啊！
(鲜活例句)He bent down and picked up the wallet lying on the ground.
他弯腰捡起地上的钱包。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
bend down/over　　　　　　　 弯腰，屈身
bend ...to 使……屈从于
bend one's attention on 致力于，专心于
be bent on 专心于；一心想
①She tried to bend her husband to her wishes.
她试图使丈夫顺从她的愿望。
②The boys bent their attention on making model ships.
男孩们聚精会神地制作船舶模型。
③The boy is_bent_on becoming a football player.
这个男孩一心想成为一名足球运动员。
4．starve vi.挨饿；饿死vt.使挨饿
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The money for dog food is gone, but Spot looks like he is starving!
用来买狗食的钱不见了，可是小斑点看上去都饿坏了！
(鲜活例句)He's starving himself to try to lose weight.
他正在让自己挨饿以减轻体重。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
(1)　　　　 饿死
starve for sth. 渴望得到某物
(2)starvation n. 挨饿，饿死
①Thousands of people will starve to death if food doesn't reach the city in time.
如果食物不能及时运到那座城市，许多人就要饿死。
②He is starving for success.
他渴望成功。
③Many people will face starvation as a result of the drought.
由于发生旱灾，将有很多人面临饥饿的威胁。
5．tolerate vt.容忍；允许
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)We won't tolerate such behavior in our house!
在我们的家里不允许有这样的行为！
(鲜活例句)I can't tolerate being treated like this.
我受不了这样被对待。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
(1)tolerate doing sth.　 容忍做某事；容许做某事
(2)tolerant adj. 容忍的，宽容的
be tolerant of 能忍耐……的；对……宽容的
(3)tolerance n. 容忍，忍受，宽容
①The school can not tolerate cheating on exams.
学校不容许考试作弊。
②Luckily, my parents were tolerant_of my choice of music.
幸运的是，我父母对我选择音乐持宽容的态度。
6．scene n．(电影的)一个镜头；(戏剧等的)一场；景色，风景；事件；场景；情景；发生地点，现场
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Act Two, Scene One
第2幕第1场
(鲜活例句)Thick snow turned the scene outside into a picture postcard.
厚厚的雪使外面的景色像画一般美丽。
(鲜活例句)The scene of so many people visiting the 2010 Shanghai World Expo means people are living a happier life now.
如此多的人参观上海世博会的场面表明人们现在的日子更好了。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
behind the scenes　　在后台；(喻)在幕后
on the scene (口)出现，到场，在场
①The students were able to go behind the scenes to see how programmes were made.
学生们可以跑到后台，去看看节目是怎么制作的。
②The police were soon on_the_scene after the accident.
事故发生后警察很快赶到现场。
(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　scene, sight, scenery, view
scene
指具有一定特征的各种可见的景色，常指有人的活动的场面，也指事件或者故事发生的地点
sight
指“景色”，作可数名词时，往往指眼见的景色，如供人游览的“景”和“名胜(常用复数形式)”，但尤指人工制成的景
scenery
不可数名词，含不管是否映入眼帘的风景。指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色
view
指从某一角度或者某一距离看到的景色，还有观点、看法之意

用scene, sight, scenery和view填空
③The scenery along the Changjiang Three Gorges is wonderful.
④There is a lovely view from the window.
⑤There is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.
⑥The Great Wall is one of the sights in the world.
7．fault n．[C]过错，错误；缺点；瑕疵
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Why is everything always my fault?
为什么什么事总是我的过错？
(鲜活例句)It's your own fault for being careless.
粗心大意是你自己的过失。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
find fault (with)　　　　挑剔；对……吹毛求疵
He is always finding fault with me.
他老是在挑我的毛病。
8．upset adj.不高兴的，失望的；心烦意乱的
vt.(upset, upset, upsetting)使不高兴，使失望；使心烦；打乱；打翻
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Many British people were upset that they didn't win the bid for the 2018 World Cup.
很多英国人对于他们未获得2018年世界杯举办权而感到不快。
(鲜活例句)Losing the necklace borrowed from her friend upsets her completely.
她把从朋友那儿借来的项链弄丢了，这使她心烦意乱。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be/get upset about sth.　 为……而烦恼/担忧
be upset with sb. 生某人的气，对某人感到不快
be upset that ... 对……不安/苦恼
①We are upset about the news that he has got lung cancer.
我们因他得了肺癌的消息而难过。
②You are not still upset with me, are you?
你没有生我的气，对吧？
9．defend vt.辩解，辩白；防守，护卫
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)They never even gave me a chance to defend myself.
他们甚至从未给我辩解的机会。
(鲜活例句)We should do everything we can to defend our freedom.
我们要尽力来捍卫我们的自由。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
(1)defend oneself　　　　 为自己辩护
defend ...from/against 保卫……免受……之苦
defend one's deeds 为某人的行为辩解
(2)defence n. 保卫，保护；辩护
in defence of 为了保卫……，为……辩护
①She defended herself successfully in court.
她在法庭上成功地为自己作了辩护。
②All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.
我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。
③I have to say in_defence_of her that she knew nothing about it.
我得为她说句话，她对此事一无所知。
10．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)They don't deserve an explanation.
他们不配得到解释。
(鲜活例句)The performance by Sun Masculine at the Spring Festival Gala deserves the prize.
旭日阳刚组合在春晚的表演应得这个奖项。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
deserve to do sth.　　　　　　　　 该做某事
deserve consideration/attention 值得注意
deserve doing 值得做
①His suggestion deserves attention.
他的建议应该引起重视。
②I think the team deserves_to_win.
我认为这个队该赢。
③They deserved rewarding. ＝ They deserved to be rewarded.
他们该受奖赏。
[点津]　deserve 后接名词或者动名词，主动形式表被动，相当于不定式的被动语态。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The movie opens with a scene (场景) in a park.
2．The new law is a bit hard (严厉的) on the drivers.
3．We should defend (防卫) ourselves whenever there is danger.
4．He was frightened (受惊的) to death by the terrible fire.
5．I can't tolerate (忍受) your treating the old like that.
6．If he betrays you twice, it is your fault (过错)．
7．He was terribly upset (心烦的，不愉快的) about her illness.
8．His brave act deserves (应得) admiration.
9．I think we need your further explanation (解释) for your absence.
10．Their behavior (行为) towards me shows that they do not like me.
Ⅱ.语境填词
1．Several flies kept upsetting the boy who was studying.He was so upset that he _upset a cup of water on the desk.(upset)
2．I was frightened of being left by myself in the house. It's frightening to think about it.If so, I will be frightened out of my wits.(frighten)
3．He explained to me with patience about that matter, but I was not willing to listen to his explanation.(explain)
4．Most children behave well in class. The headmaster will not tolerate bad behaviour.(behaviour)
5．Several people witnessed the attack, but no one came to her defence. She picked a stick up to defend herself. (defend)
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．—Why do you have a________look?
—Because you almost________me out of life by your________mask.
A．frightening; frightened; frightening
B．frightened; frightening; frightened
C．frightening; frightening; frightened
D．frightened; frightened; frightening
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你的表情为什么如此惊恐？”“因为你戴着吓人的面具，差点把我吓死。”第一空用frightened修饰人的表情；第二空为谓语动词，由语境可知应用一般过去时态，故用frightened，第三空修饰面具，用frightening“吓人的”，故D项正确。
答案：D
2．I can't________his speaking to me in this way. Which of the following can't be chosen?
A．tolerate　　　　　　　　 B．stand
C．put up D．bear
解析：句意：我受不了他这么跟我说话。tolerate ＝ stand ＝ bear ＝ put up with，意为“容忍，忍受”，故应选C项。
答案：C
3．She was________that he had left without saying goodbye.
A．anxious B．upset
C．lucky D．crazy
解析：句意：她很生气他没有告别就离开了。anxious“急切的，担忧的”；upset“失望的，生气的”；lucky“幸运的”；crazy“疯狂的，着迷的”。
答案：B
4．The beautiful village does deserve________！
A．visiting B．to visit
C．visited D．visit
解析：考查deserve的用法。句意：这个美丽的村庄确实值得参观。deserve doing (＝ deserve to be done)“值得做”，为主动形式表被动含义。
答案：A
5．We went to Canada to travel and my cousin________as our guide.
A．played B．showed
C．acted D．performed
解析：考查固定短语。句意：我们去加拿大旅游，我的堂弟当导游。act as“担当”，其他选项均不与as连用。故选C。
答案：C
6．What really made me decide to buy the house was the beautiful________through the windows.
A．view B．scene
C．sights D．scenery
解析：句意：使我决定买这个房子的真正原因是透过窗户可以欣赏到的美景。view指从一特定点观看到的东西、景物，尤其是美丽的自然风景；scene通常指局部的、具体的景致，但景中多包含着人或运动状态；sight多指人为的景物，如大建筑、史迹等；scenery是自然风景的总称。故选A。
答案：A
7．Politicians are skilled at ________themselves against their critics.
A．defending B．protecting
C．preventing D．guarding
解析：考查动词辨析。句意：从政者都善于为自己辩解，反驳别人的批评。defend“辩解，辩白”，符合句意。protect“保护”；prevent“阻止，防止”；guard“守卫，戒备，看守”。根据句意可知选A。
答案：A
8．They________if food is difficult to find.
A．have starved B．will starve
C．starve D．would starve
解析：句意：如果食物很难找到，他们会挨饿。条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，故主句用一般将来时。
答案：B
9．Steps are being taken to________the city against attack.
A．inform B．defend
C．bend D．challenge
解析：句意：正在采取措施保护该城市免遭袭击。defend sth. from/against ...“保护某物免遭……”。
答案：B
10．My boss always________with my work, so I'll have to quit my job.
A．finds fault B．makes mistakes
C．makes trouble D．goes wrong
解析：考查固定短语find fault with的用法。句意：我的上司总是挑我的毛病，所以我不得不辞去我的工作。find fault with sb.“挑某人的错，挑某人的毛病”； make mistakes“犯错误”；make trouble“制造麻烦”；go wrong“出错”。根据句意可知选A。
答案：A

1．turn up　　　　　　　　开大(音量)
2．a waste of ……的浪费
3．can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
4．be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事，应当做某事
5．do with 处理
6．not ...any more 不再
7．be hard on 对……苛刻，对……严厉
8．now that 既然；由于
9．in the form of 以……的形式
10．instead of 代替，而不是

1．can't wait to do something 迫不及待地做某事
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Yes, I can't wait to surprise the boys!
是的，我迫不及待地想给儿子们一个惊喜。
(鲜活例句)Many people couldn't wait to see the performance of Liu Qian at the Spring Festival Gala.
许多人迫不及待地想看刘谦在春晚上的表演。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
can't wait for sth.　　　　　 迫不及待地要得到某物
I can't wait/I can hardly wait. 我都等不及了。
①I can't wait for your gift.
我等不及要你的礼物了。
②Please tell me the good news as soon as possible. I_can't_wait/I_can_hardly_wait.
请尽快告诉我这个好消息，我都等不及了。
2．be supposed to do sth.(表示按照义务，规则，法律或约定等)应该，应当做某事
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)．..you weren't supposed to come home until tomorrow!
……你应当到明天才能到家里来！
(鲜活例句)You're supposed to buy a ticket, but not many people do.
按说你应当买票，不过买的人不多。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be not supposed to do sth.　不应该做某事
be supposed to be 被认为是，被相信是
be supposed to do sth.
＝ be supposed to have done sth.
本应该做某事(实际未做)
①You are not supposed to leave until 11 o'clock.
11点之前你不能离开。
②You were supposed to have finished your homework a little earlier.
你本应该稍早一点儿完成家庭作业。
③Zhang Jike is_supposed_to_be_a promising pingpong player.
张继科被看作是很有前途的一名乒乓球运动员。
[点津]　be supposed to be还可以看作是纯粹的一种被动形式，意为“被看作是”。
3．be hard on对……苛刻，对……严厉
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Do you think we were too hard on Daniel?
你认为我们对丹尼尔是不是太严厉了？
(鲜活例句)You mustn't be too hard on David — he's been under a lot of pressure lately.
别对大卫太苛刻——他最近压力一直很大。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be strict with sb.　　　　　　 对某人严格要求
be kind to sb. 对某人和蔼
Our teacher is strict with us in everything.
老师在各方面对我们都严格要求。
4．now that既然，由于
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Maybe, but now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he won't respect us.
也许，但是既然他那么粗鲁地对待我们，我觉得有必要惩罚他，否则他不会尊重我们。
(鲜活例句)You ought to have a good rest now (that) you've finished the work.
既然已完成了工作，你就应该好好休息一下。
[点津]　now that中的that可省略。
(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较　now that, since, because, as, for
now that /since
意义和用法接近，语气较弱，都强调已知的事实，常译为“既然”
because
通常接直接的原因。表示因果关系的推断，语气很强，可用来回答why提出的问题，一般放在主句之后
as
意为“因为，由于”，语气比because弱，所引导的从句表示的是不言而喻、显而易见的原因或理由，其从句一般放在主句前
for
是并列连词，表示推断的原因，或对前一分句补充说明理由

用for, as, because, since和now that填空
①We listened carefully, for he brought news of the exam.
我们认真地听着，因为他带来了考试的消息。
②Just because I don't complain, people think I'm satisfied.
就因为我不发牢骚，大家便以为我满意了。
③Since/Now_that you are busy, let me do it for you.
既然你忙，就让我替你做吧。
④As you were out, I left a message.
你不在，所以我留下一张字条儿。

Ⅰ.完成句子
1．约克先生到达北京后就迫不及待地要去参观鸟巢。
Mr.York could_not_wait_to_visit the Bird's Nest after he reached Beijing.
2．杰克现在应该完成工作了。
Jack is_supposed_to have finished his work now.
3．有些父亲对小孩子非常严格。
Some fathers are_very_hard_on their children.
4．我不知道怎么处理这些剩饭剩菜。
I don't know what to_do_with_the food that's left over.
5．既然你想提高英语口语能力，你做到每天都说英语了吗？
Now_that/Since you want to improve your oral English, do you speak English every day?
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2011·辽宁高考)What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're______to be asleep.
A．supposed B．known
C．thought D．considered
解析：考查固定短语。句意：汤姆，你下床做什么？你应该睡下了。be supposed to do sth. “本应该做某事”，为固定短语，符合句意。
答案：A
2．I think you are too hard________your students.
A．in B．on
C．with D．of
解析：句意：我认为你对学生太严厉了。be hard on是固定短语，意为“对……苛刻/严厉”，故选B。
答案：B
3．When they knew there was a panda in the zoo, the children could________wait to see it.
A．almost B．nearly
C．hard D．hardly
解析：句意：当孩子们知道动物园里有只大熊猫时，他们迫不及待地想去看看。could hardly wait to do sth.＝couldn't wait to do sth.“迫不及待地做某事”。
答案：D
4．________we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A．For B．Ever since
C．Now that D．By now
解析：句意：既然我们已完成了课程，我们应该多复习。now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句。
答案：C
5．These old books take up too much room. You should consider how to________them.
A．do with B．deal with
C．agree with D．get along with
解析：句意：这些旧书占太多空间。你应该考虑怎样处理它们。do with与deal with都可用来表示“处理”，但do with常与what连用；deal with常与how连用。agree with“同意某人，与……一致”；get along with“与某人相处，进展”，均不合句意。故选B。
答案：B

1．[句型展示]　The room is in a mess, with_pizza_boxes_on_the_floor and dirty dishes in the sink.
房间一片狼藉，地上是比萨饼盒子，水槽中是脏兮兮的盘子。
[典例背诵]　
The child felt frightened, with no one around him.
身边没有一个人，孩子感到很害怕。
2．[句型展示]　Listen to me, young man — we_left_you_in_charge!
听我说，年轻人——我们将这个家委托给你负责！
[典例背诵]　
Don't leave your work unfinished.
工作不要半途而废。
3．[句型展示]　Daniel_has_his_arms_crossed and looks upset.
丹尼尔双臂交叉看上去很不高兴。
[典例背诵]