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专升本英语必背527个核心词汇
1. able/ability/enable/unable/disable/disabled/disability
able同根词用法一致,后接不定式。
比较:be able to do sth. / be capable of (doing) sth.
2. 动词词缀:en-+ adj./n.或adj./n.+/-en
enable/enlarge/enrich/encourage/brighten/widen/worsen/sharpen/strengthen/heighten/lengthen
3. abandon vt. 放弃,抛弃,放纵
abandon oneself to 纵情于,沉溺于 (=be addicted to)
4. aboard adv. 在船(车)上,上船
abroad adv. 在国外,到国外
board n. 木板 on board 在船上
broad adj. 宽,宽阔
5. absent adj. 不在,缺席 (反:present)
6. absolute adj. 完全,绝对
7. absorb vt. 吸取,吸引
be absorbed in 全神贯注于
8. abundant adj. 丰富,大量 (=plentiful)
9. access n. 通路,接近,入门
have access to 接近,有权使用
e.g. Citizens may have free access to the public library.
10. accident n. 意外事件,事故
by accident 偶尔(=by chance) (on purpose 故意)
11. accompany vt. 陪伴,陪伴
12. accomplish vt. 完毕,达到,实现 ~ the task
accomplishment n. 成就
13. account n. 计算,帐目,阐明,解释
on account of 由于
take... into account 考虑到(= take… into consideration)
account for 解释,阐明
14. accuse vt. 指责,控告
accuse sb. of sh. 因某事控告某人
(同:charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某
人)
e.g. He was accused of robbing the bank and sentenced ten years in jail.
His mother charged him with being lazy.
15. achieve vt. 完毕,达到
achievement n. 成就,功绩
16. action n. 动作,行动,举动
take action to do sth. 采用行动做某事 (同:take measures to do sth.)
17. actor n. 男演员 → actress n. 女演员
类似:waitress(女侍者,女服务生),hostess(女主人),princess(公主,王妃)
18. adapt vt. 使适应,改编
adapt oneself to sth. 适应 (= adjust oneself to sth.)
e.g. He adapted/adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the country.
比较:adopt vt. 采用,收养
19. advance n. 迈进,提高 v. 迈进,提前
in advance 预先,提前
20. advantage n. 优势,有利条件 (反:disadvantage n. 不利条件,缺陷)
have an advantage over 赛过,占优势
take advantage of 运用
21. advertise v. 为…做广告
advertisement/ad n. 广告
22. advise vt. 劝告,忠告
advise sb. to do sth. 劝告(强调动作)
persuade sb. to do sth. 说服(强调成果)
注意:advise宾语从句或It is advised that构造主语从句,需使用should型虚拟语调。
advice n. 忠告,建议
23. afford vt. 买得起,承担得起
~ sth. (a new car,vacation,etc.)
~ to do sth.
24. agree vi. 批准,赞成
agree with sb.
agree on sth. (通过讨论后)就…达到一致
agree to sth. (plan,proposal,etc.)
agreement n. 批准,一致 in ~ with 与…一致
disagree vi. 不一致,有分歧
25. aim at 以…为目的,旨在
26. allow vt. 容许 ~ sb. to do sth. (=permit sb. to do sth.)
27. alternative n. 可供选取办法,抉择
have no ~ but to do 别无选取,只得… (= have no choice but to do)
比较:have nothing to do but do
28. amaze/astonish/surprise/shock vt. 使吃惊
~ed ~ing
29. ambition n. 野心,雄心
ambitious adj. 有雄心,野心勃勃
30. amuse vt. 娱乐,消遣 ~ment n.
~ sb. with sth. 用某物逗/取悦某人
~ oneself by doing sth. 做某事来消遣
31. analyze vt. 分析,分解 analysis analyst
32. ancient adj. 远古,古代 ~ times
33. anniversary n. 周年龄念 twentieth ~
annual adj. 每年,年度
34. anxious adj. 焦急,紧张
be ~ about/for sth. 对…感到忧虑
be ~ to do sth. 渴望做某事(=be eager to do =long to do)
anxiety n.
35. apology n. 道歉 make an ~ to sb. for sth.
apologize v. 道歉 ~ to sb. for sth.
36. appeal v. 呼吁,哀求
~ to sb. to do sth.
37. apply vt. 申请,应用
~ (to sb.) for sth. 申请
~ sth. to (someplace) 应用
application applicant
38. appoint vt. 商定,任命
appointment n. 约会,商定(因工作需要)
比较:date (男女约会)
39. appreciate vt. 赏识,鉴赏,感激
40. approach vt. 接近 n. 接近,办法,环节
41. appropriate adj. 恰当,恰当
42. approve vt. 赞成,批准
~ of 赞同,赞成
~ment dis~
43. arise vi. 浮现,发生
rise vi. 升起,上升
arouse vt. 唤醒,唤起 ~ one’s curiosity,consciousness
raise vt. 抬起,举起
44. arrest vt./ n. 逮捕,拘留
under ~ 被拘捕
45. artificial adj. 人造,假 (反:natural,genuine)
46. assign vt. 分派,指派
~ sb. to do sth. 分派某人做某事
~ sth. to sb. 分派某事给某人
47. associate vt. 使发生联系,使联合
~ ... with... e.g. She always associated happiness with having money.
48. assure vt. 向…保证 ~ sb. that... e.g. He assured us that the train would be on time.
使确信 ~ sb. of sth. e.g. He assured her of his love.
ensure vt. 保证,保证 ~ sb. sth. 保证某人获得某物
e.g. These pills will ~ you a good night’s sleep.
insure vt. 给...保险 ~ sb. insurance n.
保证 ~ sth. e.g. His talent and dedication will ~ his success.
49. attach vt. 系,贴,附加
~... to... 把…贴上,放到…上
~ importance/significance to 强调,看重 (介词不用on)
50. attack vt./n. 攻打,袭击 under ~
51. attempt vt./n. 尝试,企图
~ to do 企图,努力
in an ~ to do 试图,力图
52. attention n. 注意,关怀 pay ~ to sth.
53. attract vt. 吸引 attractive adj. attraction n. distract (反,v.)
54. authority n. 权威,威信,权威人士 (pl.) the authorities 当局,官方
author n. 作者,作家
authoritative adj. 权威,有权威
authorize v. 批准,授权 ~ sb. to do sth.
55. automatic adj. 自动,无意识,机械
automobile n. 汽车 (=motor car)
56. available adj. 能得到,可运用
57. average n. 平均 on ~ 平均
58. avoid vt. 避免,消除
avoidable adj. 可避免 unavoidable/inevitable adj. 不可避免,必然
59. await vt. 等待 (=wait for)
60. award n. 奖品 vt. 授予 be awarded sth.
reward vt./n. 报答,奖赏
~ sb. for sth. 因…而报答某人
~ sb. with sth. 用…报酬某人
in ~ for 作为对…回报
61. aware/conscious adj. 懂得,明白,意识到
be ~ of 意识到
62. awkward adj. 笨拙,尴尬
63. bachelor n. 单身汉,文理学士 a ~’s degree 学士学位 (master,doctor)
64. backward adv./adj.向后地()
~ward 向… forward,upward,downward
65. balance n. 天平,平衡
keep one’s ~ lose ~
66. bare adj. 赤裸,无遮蔽(身体局部) ~ feet,arm,head
naked adj. 裸体,无遮盖(全身)
67. base n. 基本,依照地,基地 (详细事物)
vt. 以...作基本 be based on 建立在…基本上
basis n. 基本,基本,依照 on the ~ of (theory,experiment) (抽象事物)
basic adj. 基本
68. bear n.熊 v.承担,忍受 ~ sth. in mind 记住
69. beat v. 打,打败
70. behalf n. 利益,支持 on behalf of 代表
71. behave vi. 举动,举止 ~ oneself 举止得体
behavior n. 举止,行为
72. believe v.相信 believe in 信任,信奉
belief n. 信任,信奉
73. belong to 属于 (无被动态) e.g. The house belongs to him.
74. benefit n. 利益,好处 vt.有益于,有助于
to one’s ~ 对…有利
~ from 从…受益
75. bitter adj. 痛苦,严酷,难受
76. blame vt. 责怪,谴责
(sb.) be to blame 该受责怪
~ sb. for sth. 将…归咎于某人
77. bold adj. 大胆,勇敢,冒失
78. bore v. 使烦扰 boring(物) bored(人)
79. bound adj. 有义务,注定 be ~ to do 一定要,注定要
adj. 开往...去 be ~ for spl.
80. boundary n. 边界,分界线 (表白一区域外缘明显,具备限制作用线)
border n. 边界,国界(两国之间边界线,有分割政治实体作用)
81. brief adj. 简短,短暂 in ~ 简而言之 (=in one word,to conclude,to be simple)
82. business n. 商业,交易,事务
on ~ 因公事,出差
It’s none of your ~. 与你无关
83. calm adj.安静,镇定,沉着 v. (使)安静,(使)镇定,平息
84. campaign n. 战役,(政治或商业性)活动,竞选运动(强调有目大规模军事行动)
battle 一场战役中一次战斗
struggle 侧重政治和精神斗争
conflict 指武力或思想上冲突
champion n. 冠军 champagne n. 香槟酒
85. campus n. 校园 on ~
schoolyard n. 校园,运动场 in the ~
86. cancel vt. 取消,删去
87. candidate n. 候选人
88. capture vt. 俘获,捕获
89. career n. 事业,生涯,指终身从事事业。
job 暗示可获得报酬工作。
work 覆盖范畴最广,不可数名词。
profession 强调受过高等教诲才干担任职务。
90. case n. 病例,案例,情形,场合
in ~ of 万一,在…状况下
in no case 决不(=under no circumstances,by no means,置于句首,采用倒装句式)
91. cash n. 钞票 to pay in cash 用钞票支付
92. casual adj. 偶尔,随便,暂时
93. celebrate v. 庆祝,祝贺,表扬 celebration n.
94. ceremony n. 典礼,典礼
95. certificate n. 证书,证明书 birth ~ 出生证明 marriage ~ 结婚证
96. challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向...挑战
challenging adj. 富有挑战性
97. charge v. 掌管,控诉,收费
free of ~ 免费
in charge of 负责,掌管
in the charge of 由…负责,掌管
charge sb. with sth. 控告 (=accuse sb. of sth.)
98. cheat v. 欺骗,骗取
cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗某人去做某事
cheat sb. out of sth. 骗走某人某物
99. check in 登记入住 check out 付账后离开
100. chief adj. 重要,首要,首席
101. choice n. 选取,抉择
have no ~ but to do sth. 别无选取,只能做某事 (=have no alternative but to do)
choose v. 选取,选定
102. classify vt. 分类,分等 classification n.
103. clarify v. 澄清,阐明 clear adj.
104. client n. 客户,委托人
105. climate n. 气候(某地区固有天气状况)
weather n. 天气(某地区短时间内天气变化)
106. coach n. 长途汽车,教练 v. 训练,指引
107. colleague n. 同事,同僚
比较:college n. (综合大学中)学院
108. combine v. (使)联合,(使)结合 combination n.
~ A with B ~ A and B
109. comfort n./ vt. 安慰
discomfort n. 不舒服
comfortable adj. 舒服
uncomfortable adj. 不舒服
110. command n. 命令,掌握
under one’s ~ 在…控制/掌握之下
111. comment n./vi. 评论
~ on sth. 对…作评论
112. commit vt. 犯(错误),干(坏事),承诺
~ suicide,murder,mistake,error
be committed to do sth. 承诺做某事
113. committee n. 委员会 (为集合名词,看作整体时,谓语动词用单数;看作个体时,谓语动词用复数。又如:class,police,group等。)
114. common adj. 共同,公共
have much/little/nothing in ~ 有诸多(很少/没有)共同之处
~ sense 常识
115. communicate v. 沟通,通信,传达 communication n.
~ with sb. 和某人交流
116. compare v. 比较,相比 (涉及similarity和difference)
~ A with B 将A与B进行比较
~ A to B 将A与B进行比较;将A比作B(侧重此义)
e.g. Poets often compare death to sleep.
contrast vt. 使与...对比,使与...对照 (侧重difference)
117. compensate v. 偿还,补偿
118. compete vi. 比赛,竞争 ~ with/against sb. for sth.
competition n. 竞争,竞赛
competitive adj. 竞争
competitor n. 竞争者
competent adj. 有能力,胜任
119. complain v. 抱怨,悲叹,抱怨
complaint n. 抱怨,投诉 letter of ~ 投诉信
explain v. 解释 → explanation n.
120. complex adj. 复杂,综合 (普通构造上复杂)
complicated adj. 复杂,难解 (不但构造上复杂,并且在理解上也很难)
121. compose v. 构成,写作
be ~ed of 由…构成 (=be made up of =consist of)
component n. 成分,元件,组件
composition n. 构成,作文
122. compromise n./v. 妥协,折衷
123. concentrate v. 集中,浓缩 ~ on 集中精力于
124. concept n. 观念,概念
125. concern vt./n. 涉及,(利害)关系,关怀
as far as sb./sth. be concerned 就…而言
be ~ed about 关怀
be ~ed with 牵涉到
126. conclude v. 结束,终结,作出结论 to ~ 综上所述
conclusion n. 结论 draw/come to a ~ 得出结论
127. confess v. 承认,坦白,忏悔
~ to (doing) sth. 承认/供认做了(坏事)
128. confidence n. 信心 have ~ in 对…有信心
confident adj. 自信,确信 be ~ of 对…有信心
类比:take pride in/be proud of 为…感到骄傲
129. confront vt. 使面临,对抗
be ~ed with 面对,面临 (=face up to)
130. confuse vt.使困惑,使糊涂 confusion n.
~ed, ~ing
131. congratulate vt. 祝贺,庆祝
~ sb. on sth.
132. considerable adj. 相称大(或多),相称可观
considerate adj. 考虑周到,体谅
133. construct vt. 建造,构造
construction n.
destruction n. 破坏,毁灭
destroy v.
134. consult v. 征询,请教,查阅
~ reference books,dictionary,authority
~ with sb. 与…商量
135. consume vt. 消耗,消费
consumer n. 消费者
consumption n. 消费,消费量
136. content n. 内容,目录(pl.)
adj. 满足,满意
137. contrary adj. 相反,逆
on the ~ 恰恰相反
138. contact vt./n. 接触,联系
contract n. 合同,契约
contrast vi./n. 对比,对照
139. contribute v. 贡献,捐助,投稿 contribution n.
~ to sth. 导致 (=lead to)
140. control n./vt. 控制,支配
out of ~ 失去控制
under ~ 处在控制之下
141. convenient adj. 便利,以便
inconvenient adj.
convenience n.
142. convince v. 使确信,使信服
~ sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
143. cooperate vi. 合伙,协作 ~ with sb. 与…合伙
cooperation n. 合伙,协作
corporation n. 公司,公司
144. cope vi. 应付,解决
~ with应付,解决 (=deal with,do with)
145. cost n. 成本,价钱,代价
at all costs 无论如何
at the cost of 以…为代价
146. count on/depend on/rely on 依托,指望
147. courage n. 勇气,精神
discourage vt. 使灰心,阻碍
encourage vt. 勉励 ~ sb. to do sth.
courageous adj. 勇敢,有胆量
148. create vt. 创造,创作
creative adj. 创造性
creation n. 创造,创作物
149. critical adj. 批评(源自criticize),危急(源自crisis)
比较:crucial adj. 至关紧要,决定性
150. current adj. 当前,流行 ~ affairs时事 ~ fashion 流行潮流
n. 电流,水流,气流
151. daily adj. 每日,寻常
n. 日报
152. danger n. 危险,危险物
in ~ 处在危险中
dangerous adj.
153. data n. 资料,数据 datum(单数)
类似:media n. 媒体 medium(单数)
154. deadline n. 最后期限
155. deaf adj. 聋
turn a ~ ear to sb./sth. 对…充耳不闻
156. deceive v. 欺骗,行骗
~ sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 (=cheat sb. into doing sth.)
157. decide v. 决定 ~ to do sth. 决定做某事
decision n. 决定,决心 make a ~ to do sth. 决定做某事
decisive adj. 决定性 (=crucial) play a ~ role in sth. 在…中起到重要作用
158. decrease v. 减少 increase vt. 增长,加大
159. degree:to some/a certain degree(extent)在某种限度上
160. deliberately adv. 故意地 (= on purpose)
161. delicious adj. 美味,可口 品牌“得利斯”为音译
162. delight n. 高兴,高兴
take a ~ in 以…为乐
be ~ed to do 高兴去做
163. deliver vt. 递送,投递,刊登(演说)
~ sth. to sb. 将某物交给某人
~ a message 传话,带信
~ a speech 刊登演说
164. demand n. 规定,需求
in ~ 非常需要,受欢迎
meet the demand of sb. 满足某人需要
165. depend vi. 依托,依赖 (count on/depend on/rely on 依托,指望)
dependent adj. 依托,依赖 be ~ on sth.
dependence n. 依托,依赖
independent adj. 独立自主
independence n. 独立,自主
166. derive vt. 得自,获得 ~ sth. from... e.g. ~ a conclusion from facts
vi. 来源 ~ from... e.g. Many English words ~ from Latin.
比较:deprive vt. 剥夺,使丧失 ~ sb. of sth.
167. describe vt. 描写,记述,形容
description n. 描写,记述 beyond ~ 难以形容
168. deserve vt. 应受,值得 后接动名词积极形式,表达被动意义。
e.g. What he did yesterday deservers praising. (她昨天所作所为值得表扬。)
类似: need repairing (=need to be repaired)
169. destination n. 目地
170. detail n. 细节,详情
in ~ 详细地
go into ~(s) 逐个阐明,详细论述
171. detect vt. 察觉,发现,侦查
detection n. 察觉,发现
detective n. 侦探
172. determine v. 决定,拟定 (=decide) ~ to do sth. /be ~ed to do sth.
determination n. 决定,决心 make a ~ to do sth.
173. devote vt. 投入于,献身
~ oneself/one’s life to sth. 致力于,献身于
~ sth. to sb. 将…献给某人 ~ his new book to his mother
174. difference n. 差别,差别
make a ~ 有影响
make no ~ 没有差别,没有影响
175. difficulty n. 困难,难点
in ~ 处在困境中
with ~ 困难地,吃力地
have ~/trouble in doing sth. 做某人有困难
176. disappoint vt. 使失望
~ ment n. ~ed ~ing
be ~ed with/about sth. 对…感到失望
be ~ed to do sth. 很失望地去做某事
177. disaster n. 劫难,天灾,灾祸
178. discipline n. 纪律
179. disgust n./vi. 厌恶,反感
in ~ 厌恶地
be ~ed with/at 对…感到厌恶
180. disorder n. 杂乱,混乱
in ~ 混乱
fall into ~ 陷入混乱
181. display vt. 陈列,展览
on ~ 在展览中
182. distinguish v. 区别,辨别
~ A from B 将A和B区别开 (=tell from)
183. distinct adj. 清晰,明显,截然不同,独特
be ~ from 与…截然不同
distinction n. 差别,区别
184. domestic adj. 家庭,国内 (反:foreign)
185. dominate v. 支配,占优势
dominant adj. 占优势,支配
186. dramatic adj. 戏剧性,引人注目,夸张
drama n. 戏剧
187. drown v. 溺死,淹死
~ oneself in 埋头于
188. due adj. 到期,预期
due to 由于,由于 (= owing to,because of,thanks to)
189. ease n. 安逸,悠闲
with ~ 容易地
(feel) at ~ 感到舒服
同根词:easy(容易,舒服),uneasy(不安,不舒服),disease(疾病)
190. economic adj. 经济(上),经济学
economical adj. 节约,经济
同根词:economy,economist
191. edge n. 利刃,边沿
on the ~ of 在…边沿
192. effect n. 成果,效果
bring into ~ 实行
come/go into effect 开始生效
have an effect on 对…有效果
affect vt. 影响,感动
effective adj. 有效,生效
efficient adj. 有效率,能干
193. effort n. 努力
make an ~ to do sth. 努力去做某事
194. eliminate vt. 排除,消除 (=get rid of,remove)
195. embarrass vt. 使困窘
同根词:~ment,~ed,~ing
196. emerge vi. 浮现,浮现
emergency n. 紧急状况,突然事件
emergent adj. 紧急
197. emotion n. 情绪,情感
emotional adj. 情绪,情感,情绪化 ~ crisis,person
198. emphasis n. 强调,重点 put/lay/place great/much ~ on 看重,着重
emphasize v.
199. employ vt. 雇用
同根词:employer(雇员)/employee(雇主)
employment(就业)/unemployment(失业)
200. encounter v. 遭遇,遇到
201. endure v. 耐久,忍耐 (=bear,stand,tolerate,put u
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