牛津译林8a知识点.docx

Unit1复习重点句型1、What about some milkWhat about +名词、代词、动词ing2、There is nothing else in the fridge.else 放在不定代词,特殊疑问词后3.she is as silm as I am.as+adj/adv原级+as 和一样否定形式为：not as+adj/adv原级+as 或 not so+adj/adv原级+as eg. She is as busy as I am.She is not as(so) busy as I am.He runs as fast as I am.4.I have a friend named Max.named=called 5. He tells funny jokes and always makes me happy.tell告诉，讲 tell jokes/ stroies/ lies tell to sb.say+说话内容 say to oneself 自言自语speak+语言 speak English speak to sb. 和某人说话talk交谈 talk to/with sb. 和某人交谈 talk about sth.谈论某事 talk with sb.about sth. 和某人谈论某事make sb do sth.让某人干某事 make+宾语+adj：make me happy/make your room clean6.Our school is more beautiful than yours.当主语是物，后面要用名词性物主代词。7.she wants to be a singer when she grows up.时间状语从句语法 重点复习形容词比较级常考句型：1. He is the tallest boy in my class.=he is taller than the other students in my class. =He is taller than any other student in my class.any other+名单 the other+名复2.他比我大两岁。He is two years older than me.3.Alice gets smaller and smaller. Alice变得越来越小了。 adj比较级+and+adj比较级 越来越当遇到多音节词语时,用more and more+多音节adjmore and more beauitful 越来越漂亮 more and more popular越来越受欢迎when sping comes,it gets _.(越来越暖和)4.The+比较级，the+比较级. 越，越。The more,the better. 越多越好练习：1. Lucy is 13 years old. Lily is 13 years old too.(同义句)Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.(同义句两个)2. Diving is not as exciting as hiking.Hiking is diving. 4.她变得越来越漂亮了。Unit2复习重点英式英语与美式英语句型1. Why not=why dont you+动原2. Whats the school like=How is the school 学校什么样子？区分：What is he like他的性格怎么样？（也可回答外貌，一般强调性格）What does he look like 他长得怎么样？（回答外貌）What does he like 他喜欢什么？ 3. Its like watching TV. 它就像看电视。这里的like不再是动词 喜欢，而是介词， 意思为“像”后跟名词，代词，动词ing形式。be like sb 像某人Lucy father likes her because she _her father.4.四个“花费”： spend 主语是人，spend+时间（in）doing sth spend+时间/金钱on +名词/代词I spend a lot of time practicing playing baseball. pay 主语是人, pay+金钱+for+sth take 主语通常为形式主语it，It takes/took sb +时间+to do sth.花费某人多长时间干某事。 但有时主语可以是人：My father took five days to put the shelf on the wall.cost 主语是物 The book costs me ten yuan .=I pay ten yuan for the book. =I spend ten yuan on the book. 4. Learning foreign languages is fun.学习外语很有趣。 动词ing 放在句首强调整件事情作主语，谓语动词常用单数。 Eg. Plating trees is important.5. Time seems to go faster. 时间看起来过得更快。seem 似乎，后常跟to do. It seems/seemed to do. Sb/sth seems/seemed to do. that+句子6. Its my turu to clean the blackboard. 轮到我擦黑板了。Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人干某事。Its time for sb to do sth.是干某事的时间了。Eg. 轮到他扫地了。 我们该去上学了。7. 很多 a number of =a lot of=lots of+可数名词复数+谓语动词复数 的数量 the number of +名词+谓语动词单数a number of 意思是“许多.”，后接复数名词，谓语通常用复数：eg: A number of students were from Xinxiang. 许多学生来自新乡。the number of 意思是“.的总数”，后接复数名词，但谓语要用单数：eg: The number of students is fifty.学生的数量是50.Unit3复习重点句型1. This hill is not only amazing but also tasty!not only but also不但而且可以有一个主语，也可以连接两个并列的人或物，这个时候谓语动词就要次用就近原则：这本书不但有用而且很有趣。（一个主语放在句首）The book is_ _ _ _ _ _.不但他父母而且她也喜欢游泳。（连接两个并列的人，not only放句首）_ _her parents _ _she_ _.2. If you want to go, please let me know as soon as possible.(1) as+adj/adv原级+as+possible 尽可能 as soon as possible 尽可能快的 as much as possible 尽可能多的 = as soon as one can = as much as one canas often as possible 经常的 as many as possible 尽可能多的= as often as one can = as many as one canEg. 我会尽快告诉你。I will tell you as soon as possible. = I will tell you as soon as I can.（与主语一致）天太干，尽多地喝水。Its too dry, please drink water _. = Its too dry, please drink water _.他们尽可能经常给树浇水。They water the trees_. = They water the trees_.(2) if 引导的条件状语从句，时态为“主将从现”，即主句采用一般将来时，if从句采用一般现在时。如果明天不下雨，我们将去公园。_.如果他回来，我会尽快告诉你。_.3.so+谓语+主语。 某人也so+主语+谓语。 的确如此。注：谓语动词的选用，要根据前句判断，前句用be动词，后句也用be动词。无be动词时，要根据人称，时态添助动词（do/does/did）。Eg.我是个学生，他也是。Im a student,_. 他曾经是个学生。-的确如此。He was a student.-_.他喜欢游泳，小明也是。He likes swimming,_.Lucy去了公园，Lily也是。Lucy went to park,_. 4.三个到达：reach, get to, arrive at+小地方 in+大地方 eg.他昨天抵达北京。He _/_/_Beijing yesterday.5. receive 客观收到：receive a letter from sb=hear from sbaccept 主观接受（自己愿意）eg.他今天早上收到了一封信。He _a letter this morning.我接受了他的礼物。 I _ his present.6. instead 通常放在句尾 instead of+名词词组/代词/动词ingeg.我在家看电视代替去购物。I watched TV at home_. 我们没去公园，而是去了书店。We didnt go to park,but we went to the bookshop_.7. happen 偶然发生，常用过去式take place 有计划，有组织的进行eg.发生了什么？ _ 比赛将在下周进行。The match_next week. 8. perhaps, luckily, finally等副词放在句首。 9. in the end=at last=finally 最后，最终at the end of 在末尾 eg. 最后他赢得了比赛。_, he won the game. 路的尽头有个书店。There is a bookshop_the street. 语法 不定式to do和特殊疑问词（what/where/which/how）等连用：我不知道该干什么。I dont know_. = I dont know_.我不确定该买哪个。I cant sure _. = I cant sure _.他不知道如何用电脑。 He doesnt know _.Unit4复习重点句型1. Youd better be careful!你最好小心点！had better+动原,最好 无时态和人称的变化你最好完成家庭作业。_2. Suzydad likes doing DIY on his own. on ones own=by oneself=alone 独自 王先生独自居住。 Mr Wang lives_.3. Also,Sandy helped me with the drawing.也also放在句首或句中， too放在句尾4. I had a little trouble writing the sentence Happy birthday have trouble (in) doing sth= have difficulty (in) doing sth 做有困难他总是在写家庭作业方面遇到困难。_.相同用法：have fun (in) doing sth 做有乐趣5. He felt the living room was a bit boring. a little=a bit+adj 有点儿 有点累_6. Here is your new bed.Here 引导的倒装句：here+谓语+主语 Eg. 这是你的书。_. 注：当有人称代词时，位于放在主语后面：here+主语+谓语Eg. Here it is.7. 情态动词should/ought to/had better的用法：肯定句：should/ought to/had better+动词原形 否定句：should not+动词原形 ought not to+动词原形 had better not+动词原形你最好不要晃树。_.语法：祈使句定 义：用于表达命令，请求，劝告，警告，禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。因对象通常为第二人称，所以常省略，谓语动词用一般现在时。肯定句：1 Do 型（动原+宾语+其他） Eg. Have a seat here please. 请坐在这儿。 Keep off the grass. 勿踏草坪。2. Be型（Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他）Be a good boy. 做个好孩子吧。 Be careful! 小心！3. Let型（Let+宾语+动原+其他）Let me help you. 让我帮助你。否定句： Do 型，Be型，Let型都可以在句首加Dont. 但是Let型还可以在动原前面加 notEg.Dont go and wash your hands. 请不要去洗手。 Dontbe careless. 别粗心。 Dont let him have a look.= Let him not have a look. 不要让他看。注：No+名词/动词ing 表示禁止，也是一种否定句。No smoking. 禁止抽烟。 No parking. 禁止泊车。No swimming. 禁止游泳。 No photos. 禁止拍照。 No pet. 禁带宠物。祈使句的反义疑问句：1. 肯定句的反义疑问句，疑问部分用will you /wont you 均可。Please open the door, will you /wont youGo and wash your hands, will you /wont you2. 否定句的反义疑问句，疑问部分用will you 。Dont go and wash your hands，will you Dontbe careless,will youDontbe late,will you3. 以Lets 开头， 疑问部分用shall we, 以Let us 开头，疑问部分用will you /wont you 均可.Let me help you, will you /wont youLets go to school, shall weUnit5复习重点句型1. Your food looks delicious. look (看起来) smell (闻起来)五个感官动词 feel (摸起来) +形容词 主系表结构 sound (听起来) taste （尝起来)2. Then no one will play with you.no one，没有人。 做主语时，谓语动词常用单数I visited you yesterday, but _ _ _ at home. 昨天我去找你,但是没人在家。3. When xiwang was born, she weighted just 100 grams. weight 重量，对重量提问，用“How much” 对时间段提问，用“How long”,答语是“for+时间段” 对频率提问， 用“How often”对数量提问， 用“How many+可数n复数”,“How much+不可数n”对距离提问， 用“How far”对年龄提问， 用“How old”4. Sadly, it is very difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild.(1) sadly 副词放在句首，类似有：luckily, finally, perhaps, maybe, easily(2) It is +adj+for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很常用形容词有(important/difficult/necessary/hard/easy) It is +adj+of sb to do sth. 某人做某事很(侧重于描述人的品质或特征) 常用形容词有（kind/friendly/generous/helpful）Eg. It is easy_ him _ _ this work. 对他来说完成这项工作很简单。 It is kind _ him _ _the little boy. 他很善良地帮助了那个小孩。5. They live as a family until baby tigers are2-3 years old.它们像一个家庭一样生活知道小老虎2-3岁大。 until 直到用于肯定句时，谓语动词要用延续性动词eg. I worked _he came back. 我工作到他回来为止。中考连接：Usually, we dont know how important something is _we lose it.6. If this continues, giant pandas will be in great danger. If 引导的条件状语从句，“主将从现”，即：if 句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时7. We shouldnt buy fur coat any more. 我们不该再买皮毛大衣。 not any more=no longer 不再 no longer 常放在主谓之间，有be动词时放在be动词后面eg. I am _ a child _ _.= I am _ _ a child. 我不在是个孩子了。 He _ like swimming _ _.= He _ _ like swimming. 他不再喜欢游泳了。语法 情态动词1. must/have to 强调必须性（1）must 强调主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，由must 引导的疑问句，肯定回答和否定回答分别有两种： must. neednt.Yes, you No, you have to. dont have to.是的，你必须。 不，没必要。（切不可用mustnt）Eg. _ I finish this work now 我现在必须完成这项工作吗？ Yes, you_./ Yes, you_ _. 是的，你必须完成。 No, you _./ No, you _ _. 不，没必要。must 的否定形式为：mustnt，表示禁止，语气较强烈。Eg. We mustnt play on the road. 禁止在马路上玩耍。（2）must 可表示肯定性地猜测。Eg. Who is that woman 那个女的是谁？ I know her. She _ be Lilys mother. 我认识她，她一定是Lilys妈妈。 It _ have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的（3）have to 表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”，强调外部原因。有时态和人称的变化Eg. Mum is out, so I _ look after my little brother. Lilei cant go with us because he _ take care of his sick mother. We _ stay there, Mr Wu told us not to move. have to 的否定形式为：dont have to相当于neednt 注意时态和人称的变化2. may/might 强调可能性（1） 都可以表示许可Eg. You _ go now. 你现在可以走了。 may由may/might引导的疑问句，肯定回答有两种：Yes, you 是的，你可以。 can may not, 否定回答有四种 cant. 不，你不能。 No, you mustnt. (表示阻止) had better not.eg. Im sorry Im late. _ I come in 对不起我迟到了，我可以进来吗？ Yes, you _. / Yes, you _. 是的，可以。 _ I take the book away 我能把书带走吗？ Sorry, you _./ No, you _./ No, you _./ No, _. 对不起，你不能。/ 对不起，你禁止带走。/ 对不起，你最好别。(2) 都可以表示推测，might 语气更弱，更不确定。Eg. He _/_ be English. 他可能是英国人。注意：might 还有一个身份为 may 的过去式，如果大的语言环境是一般过去式，就要用might.Eg. He _ be a teacher ten years ago. 他十年前可能是个老师。趁热打铁：（ ）1. _ I get there on time today -No, you neednt.A. Can B. May C. Must D. Should( ) 2. May I talk about it with Lily -No, you _. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. dont have to( ) 3. Must we finish all these work -No, you _. A. mustnt B. havent C. not have to D. dont have to( ) 4. _ I have a word with the teacher, sir A. Will B. Would C. May D. Should( ) 5. _ I smoke here -No, you mustnt. A. Can B. May C. Must D. Need( ) 6._ I visit Lucy on Sunday, Mum -Yes, you _. A. Must/ can B. May/ may C. Need/ need D. May/ need( ) 7. May I go now -No, you _. You _ stay here. A. neednt/ have to B. neednt/ must C. mustnt / have to D. mustnt/ has toUnit6复习重点句型1. How many different types of birds are there in the world世界上有多少种不同种类的鸟。可数名词：How many+可数名词复数+are there +地点状语对数量的提问 不可数名词:How much+不可数名词+is there +地点状语 希望多重？ _2. Its time to do sth. / Its time for +名词. 是干某事的时间了。 该去上学了。_.午饭时间到了。_.3. It is +adj+for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很常用形容词有(important/difficult/necessary/hard/easy) It is +adj+of sb to do sth. 某人做某事很(侧重于描述人的品质或特征) 常用形容词有（kind/friendly/generous/helpful/clever）Eg. It is easy_ him _ _ this work. 对他来说完成这项工作很简单。 It is kind _ him _ _the little boy. 他很善良地帮助了那个小孩。4. It is one of the worlds most important wetlands. 它是世界上最重要的湿地之一。 one of +the+最高级+可数名词复数 最之一 上海市中国最大的城市之一。_.5. Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some only stay there for a short time. 很多鸟整年呆在扎龙。但是一些只停留很短的时间。While 表转折，这里相当于“but”,注意区分“however”(前后有标点分开)6. If this continues, giant pandas will be in great danger. If 引导的条件状语从句，“主将从现”，即：if 句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时.如果他回来，我会尽快告诉你。_.7. We shouldnt buy fur coat any more. 我们不该再买皮毛大衣。 not any more=no longer 不再 no longer 常放在主谓之间，有be动词时放在be动词后面eg. I am _ a child _ _.= I am _ _ a child. 我不在是个孩子了。 He _ like swimming _ _.= He _ _ like swimming. 他不再喜欢游泳了。8. enough 足够的， 放在名词前，形容词之后。 足够的食物 _ 足够大 _语法 动词不定式 （to do） 什么时候用动词不定式，用 排除法 记忆：1. 一 感： 二 听： 三 让： + 动词原形 四 看： 半帮助：2. keep=continue / finish / practice / be busy/ spend / prevent 等+ving 除了以上两种情况，都用动词不定式 to do, 常见的有ask, tell, allow,expect ,force.invite, encourage sb. to do sth等 注意动词不定式的否定： 都在 to 前加 not， 构成encourage sb. not to do sthUnit7复习重点句型 1. I was asleep when it started to rain. 当下雨的时候，我正在睡觉。When 引导的时间状语从句 2. What is the weather like tomorrow = How is the weather 明天天气怎么样？What is like = How is 怎么样？3. The temperature will be 15 degrees. degree 度数，可数名词 adj(形容词) ：keep safe 、keep closed4. keep 的用法 + V ing ：keep working = continue working 继续工作，一直工作5. What do you think about the weather in Beijing 你认为北京天气怎么样？What do you think about = What do you think of 你认为怎么样？你认为你的学校怎么样？_语法1. 及物动词和不及物动词：及物动词可直接跟句子成分，不及物动词可以单独使用，但若要跟句子成分，必须有介词。（1）Give me your book. 及物动词（2）The rain stops. 不及物动词单独使用（3）Please listen to me carefully. 不及物动词+介词+句子成分2. 五种简单句：（1）主谓句（S+V） The rain stops.The boy is swimming.（2）主谓宾句（S+V） Sandy is watching the clouds. I have a toy.（3）主系表句（S+V+P） It sounds great. My mother is a teacher.（4）主谓双宾句（S+V+IO+DO） He bought me a gift.Kity gives me someflowers.（5）主谓宾宾补句（S+V+DO+OC）Simon found the weather warm.We made