雅思阅读最权威技巧(课堂PPT).ppt

welcometoIELTS READING EMMA1Makes PerfectPractice2雅思阅读简介：1，1个小时（包括填答题纸的时间）2，3篇文章 2说明文+1议论文（3000-3750字数）3，40道题目：每篇文章一般13题左右 题目一般分3部分 3雅思阅读特点1，顺序性 2，题型多样3，题材多为生物类+地理类+社会科学类4，时间是最大敌人46.5分以上宾法烤鸭的目标是？56IELTS阅读的评分标准Academic 答对的题数答对的题数成绩成绩39-40937-388.535-368.033-347.530-327.027-296.523-266.019-225.515-185.0General 答对的题数答对的题数成绩成绩409398.5388.036-377.534-357.032-336.530-316.027-295.523-265.071 Vocabulary你并不需要所有的单词都认识搞定雅思阅读需要.81 Vocabulary但，要有找到“失散兄妹”的能力搞定雅思阅读需要.9 10例如：题目：Ithasbeensuggestedthatchildrenholdmistakenviewsaboutthe“pure”sciencethattheystudyatschool.文章：Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenharbormisconceptionsabout“pure”,curriculumscience.11例如：题目：Ithasbeensuggestedthatchildrenholdmistakenviewsaboutthe“pure”sciencethattheystudyatschool.文章：Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenharbormisconceptionsabout“pure”,curriculumscience.12例如：题目：Ithasbeensuggestedthatchildrenholdmistakenviewsaboutthe“pure”sciencethattheystudyatschool.文章：Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenharbormisconceptionsabout“pure”,curriculumscience.13例如：题目：Ithasbeensuggestedthatchildrenholdmistakenviewsaboutthe“pure”sciencethattheystudyatschool.文章：Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenharbormisconceptionsabout“pure”,curriculumscience.14例如：题目：Ithasbeensuggestedthatchildrenholdmistakenviewsaboutthe“pure”sciencethattheystudyatschool.文章：Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenharbormisconceptionsabout“pure”,curriculumscience.15例如：题目:Australianshavebeenturningtoalternativetherapiesinincreasingnumbersoverthepast20years.文章:DisenchantmentwithorthodoxmedicinehasseenthepopularityofalternativetherapiesinAustraliaclimbsteadilyduringthepast20years16例如：题目:Australianshavebeenturningtoalternative therapiesinincreasingnumbersoverthepast20years.文章:Disenchantmentwithorthodoxmedicinehasseenthepopularityofalternative therapies inAustraliaclimbsteadilyduringthepast20years17例如：题目:Australianshavebeenturningtoalternativetherapiesinincreasingnumbersoverthepast20years.文章:DisenchantmentwithorthodoxmedicinehasseenthepopularityofalternativetherapiesinAustraliaclimbsteadilyduringthepast20years18例如：题目:Australianshavebeenturningtoalternativetherapiesinincreasingnumbersoverthepast20years.文章:DisenchantmentwithorthodoxmedicinehasseenthepopularityofalternativetherapiesinAustraliaclimbsteadilyduringthepast20years19 Vocabulary要求：同义词组20“同义词组”本21“同义词组”本222.语法找“大树”的能力搞定雅思阅读还需要.23句型一：主系表句型一：主系表句型二：主谓句型二：主谓句型三：主谓宾句型三：主谓宾句型四：主谓宾宾句型四：主谓宾宾句型五：主谓宾补句型五：主谓宾补24句型四：主谓宾宾句型四：主谓宾宾He showed the guard hispassport.句型五：主谓宾补句型五：主谓宾补The advent/coming of technology makes knowledge more important/crucial.25There be 句型句型There be+名词名词 定语从句定语从句 分词分词 介词介词【扩展扩展扩展扩展】：There come,emerge,exist,lie,live,occur,stand,has been 26例1：Anthropology,at its broadest,is the study of humanity our physical characteristics as animals and our unique non-biological characteristics that we call culture.27例1：Anthropology,at its broadest,is the study of humanity our physical characteristics as animals and our unique non-biological characteristics that we call culture.28例2：The problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned,so that they are distributed in both the most just and the most effective way,is not a new one.29例2：The problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned,so that they are distributed in both the most just and the most effective way,is not a new one.30例3：Since the early years of the twentieth century,when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records,there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run,how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects,themselves included,through space.31例3：Since the early years of the twentieth century,when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records,there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run,how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects,themselves included,through space.32例3：Since the early years of the twentieth century,when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records,there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run,how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects,themselves included,through space.332.语法要求：每天训练10个长难句一开始以练习理解为主后期以速度为主343.技巧如何在有限的时间内提高速度 如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径 如何在一长篇文章中找出重点搞定雅思阅读也需要.35如何在有限的时间内提高速度解决方案解决方案以题目为导向快速搜索（以特殊词，专有名词做为定位词的时候，通通常第一次出现该词时，出题机率大常第一次出现该词时，出题机率大）读段首的句子，预测该段内容 需要注意的句型：概括性强的句子 e.g.TherewereseveralreasonswhyoriginalsciencecontinuedtobewritteninLatin承上启下的句子 e.g.Batsarenotonlycreaturestofacethisdifficulty.问句 e.g.Giventhequestionsofhowtomaneuverinthedark,whatsolutionsmightanengineerconsider?e.g.Whatistheroleoftheshinbashira,thecentralpillar?36如何在有限的时间内提高速度长句囫囵吞枣e.g.Theaimofthepresentstudyistostarttoprovidesuchinformation,tohelpteachersdesigntheireducationalstrategiestobuilduponcorrectideasandtodisplacemisconceptionsandtoplanprogramsinenvironmentalstudiesintheirschools.37如何在有限的时间内提高速度对同义改写不熟悉，不敏感解决方案-分析、总结剑4，剑6，剑7坚持句子对句子，词对词的做题方法，保证每个题目的证据定位；精读对照并验证题目和原文的替换和转化。38如何在有限的时间内提高速度心理因素-舍是一种智慧，也是一种能力解决方案-严格按照一篇17-18分钟做题把能做的题，尽量作对。没把握的，meng。39Meng的技巧判断题-答案YES,NO基本相当，NG少，全true法有only,all,every,must的题，答NO的可能性大有probable,maybe的题,答YES的可能性大涉及金钱的题干不是选项40如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径例：Americans can not experience realitydirectly but thrive on the pseudo-events.41如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径例：Americans can not experience realitydirectly but thrive on the pseudo-events.42如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径虽然很多人认为那栋大楼是个abomination，but我喜欢它43如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径这房子是某大师设计的，but民众心目中it turned out to be a catastrophe.44如何在长句中找出重点例：It is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons.The use of glass as art,a tradition going back at least to Roman times,is also booming.45例：It is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons.The use of glass as art,a tradition going back at least to Roman times,is also booming.46例：It is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons.The use of glass as art,a tradition going back at least to Roman times,is also booming.47例：While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be,city streets and motorways are becoming more crowded than ever,often with older trucks,buses and taxis,which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes.This concentration of vehicles makes air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes dangerous to breathe48例：While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be,city streets and motorways are becoming more crowded than ever,often with older trucks,buses and taxis,which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes.This concentration of vehicles makes air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes dangerous to breathe491阅读思维改变雅思阅读考试2大王道：501.考官“立场”2.Writer-friendly 阅读思维的改变：511.题目特点2.解题步骤2 题型的适应52一切只为了把题目做出来53 (1)把题目做出来,需要先看题目;(2)把题目做出来,并不需要所有的单词都认识和所有的段落都要读;(3)把题目做出来,需要善于利用逻辑分析 低层次逻辑:时间顺序 从属 并列 递进 高层次逻辑:因果 转折 让步 543.心理要求：舍是一种智慧，也是一种能力55常见56不常见57List of headings（标题对应）Matching（配对，数量开始增加）段落+相关信息的MATCHINGTrue/False/Not Given;Yes/No/Not Given（题量最多，非常重要）Multiple choice（越来越重要）Summary（完型填空）5大常考题型：58Sentence completion（完成句子）Diagram/Flowchart/Table completion（图标填空题）Short answer questions（回答问题）3个小题型：59题型特点：1 唯一的题目在文章前面的题型2 会有举例3 没有顺序第一讲 LIST OF HEADINGS 60解题核心词：找中心，主旨LIST OF HEADINGS 61三“看”1 看题干 哪几段？解题步骤：62三“看”2 看框框画出keywords，重复的词63三“看”3 看段落看首二+末句641.首先将例子中选的heading划掉（1）找出heading中的Keywords（2）找出主题句中的Keywords（3）对应两组keywords 找高频词/原词/词形变化/同义词解题步骤65（1）找出heading中的Keywordsa.特殊词b.金三角 n.v.adj.c.各段落段对应词解题步骤66a.标题中有这些的，可能是开头段落的标题：（12段）notion/earlyview/overview/concept/conception/definition/introduction/essence/mainidea/initiation/cause 解题步骤67b.标题中有这些的，可能是结尾段落的标题：（倒数12段）infact,effect(affect)/influence/impactconsequence/prediction/future/prospect/perspective/outlook/conclusion/result/summary解题步骤68c.标题中这些词时，该段落是中间段落！含有figure/number/amount/statistic(al)/demographics 等词的H往往对应数字集中数字集中的段落含有rate/ratio/proportion/percentage等词的H往往对应%集中集中的段落cost/fee/fund/financial/business/income/salary/wage/commercial/dealing/purchase/sell等词的H往往对应金钱符号集中金钱符号集中的段落含有time/period等词的H往往对应时间集中时间集中的段落解题步骤69（2）找出主题句中的Keywords 规则段落 首二+末句非规则段落 最后排除法做解题步骤701.（3）对应两组keywords 找高频词/原词/同义词可以自行设问？解题步骤71真题举例ListofHeadingsiCausesofvolcaniceruptioniiEffortstopredictvolcaniceruptioniiiVolcanoesandthefeaturesofourplanetivDifferenttypesofvolcaniceruptionvInternationalreliefeffortsviTheunpredictabilityofvolcaniceruptions1.SectionA2.SectionB3.SectionC4.SectionD72 看线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！段落中表示1顺承顺承关系:inaddition,moreover,furthermore,besides,notonlybutalso,instead of 2转折转折关系:but,however,yet,nevertheless3总结总结关系的词所引导的句子:thus,therefore,allofus如果1,2尾句都没有找到？732.看线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！直接解释法直接解释法 下定义句型：Thatis/Thisis/These/Those间接解释法间接解释法例子解释法例子解释法注意例子前面的陈述句LEADING SENTENCEforexample/forinstance/suchas/like/toillustrate/specifically742.看线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！标点符号（：）代词75e.g：Interrupting a natural processA The fertile land of the Nile delta is being eroded along Egypts Medeterranean coast at an alarming rate,in some parts estimated at 100 meters per year.B Up to now,people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large dams at Aswan in the south of Egypt.76e.g：the impact of wilderness tourismA The market for tourism.there is no cost.As the 1992 UN conference on Environment and development recognized,these regions are fragile.77解题技巧最后总结：1首段的标题中心词往往是文章标题中心词2第一句和第二句中重复出现2次以上的关键词，是中心词3在某一个段落出现了一个新的关键词，而文章的其他段落均没有提到，则这个词是本段落的中心词段落的特殊性对标题的特殊性4本段落无法判断中心时，可根据下一段的开头来判断5标题中的关键词如果是出现在段落中的一个主从复合句的一个从句当中绝对不可能选为标题6标题中的核心词必须出现在你阅读的段落中这是你选这个标题为段落标题的前提条件7段落中出现一个新词，且这个新词在该段落中重复出现，该词一定是段落标题的关键词78如果基础较弱：如果基础较弱：依次看该段落的1、2和最后一句找到有可能成为key words的单词和词组（术语、斜体、引用其中：反复提到的单词命中率最高反复提到的单词命中率最高！79练习：练习：剑4：剑5:p66Q14-17;p85Q1-3剑6:p26Q27-32;p40Q1-5;p67Q14-18;p85Q1-7;p93Q27-309剑7:p22Q14-20;p48Q27-30;p69Q14-1980解题难点：乱序第二讲.Matching 81人 名-观 点配对；地 名-描 述配对；时 间-事件配对；分 类 题(Classification)；句 子-句 子配对（按顺序）；段落配信息乱序-语言实力Matching 82人名+观点1.确定人名(把人名首字母缩写)顺序回原文中定位 2.细读题干理论，划出其中关键词3.回文中人名定位处寻找：引言 “X”下列动词引导的宾语从句（选取一则最好理解的理论。分析句子结构，弄清其重点。）4.比较题干理论中关键词与引言或宾语从句中关键词解题步骤83Argue/claim/deem/believeDiscover/refute/concludeNote/notice/remark/proposeAnnounce/pointout/perceive解题步骤84NBYoumayuseanylettermorethanonce.很有可能是有且仅有一个选项重复使用一次,个别情况会出现两个选项使用两次 人名在文章中出现的顺序是乱序的第一题往往对应文章的后几个观点，最后一题往往对应文中的前几个观点Notice85答案出处答案一定在原文作者姓名的附近出现重点关注词汇 suggest/show/“”文章作者姓名不只出现一次，往往第二次出现姓/名Notice865Endangeredlanguagescannotbesavedunlesspeoplelearntospeakmorethanonelanguage.6Savinglanguagesfromextinctionisnotinitselfasatisfactorygoal.7Thewaywethinkmaybedeterminedbyourlanguage.8Youngpeopleoftenrejecttheestablishedwayoflifeintheircommunity.9Achangeoflanguagemaymeanalossoftraditionalculture.例题87AMichaelKraussBSalikokoMufweneCNicholasOstlerDMarkPagelEDougWhalen例题88第四段第三句：Whydopeoplerejectthelanguageoftheirparents?,says Nicholas Ostler,of Britains Foundation for EndangeredLanguages,inBath.Peoplelosefaithintheirculture,hesays.Whenthe next generation reaches their teens,they might not want to beinducedintotheoldtraditions.Q8:Youngpeopleoftenrejecttheestablishedwayoflifeintheircommunity.例题89第六段第一、二句：Languageisalsointimatelyboundupwithculturesoitmaybedifficulttopreserveonewithouttheother.IfapersonshiftsfromNavajotoEnglish,theylosesomething,Mufwenesays.Q9:Achangeoflanguagemaymeanalossoftraditionalculture.例题90第六段第五、六句：YourbrainandminearedifferentfromthebrainofsomeonewhospeaksFrench,forinstance,Pagelsays,andthiscouldaffectourthoughtsandperceptions.Thepatternsandconnectionswemakeamongvariousconceptsmaybestructuredbythelinguistichabitsofourcommunity.Q7:Thewaywethinkmaybedeterminedbyourlanguage.例题91第七段第三、四句：Thekeytofosteringdiversityisforpeopletolearntheirancestraltongue,aswellasthedominantlanguage,saysDougWhalen,founderandpresidentoftheEndangeredLanguageFundinNewHaven,Connecticut.Mostoftheselanguageswillnotsurvivewithoutalargedegreeofbilingualism,hesays.Q5:Endangeredlanguagescannotbesavedunlesspeoplelearntospeakmorethanonelanguage.例题92第七段最后两句：ButMufwenesaysthatpreventingalanguagedyingoutisnotthesameasgivingitnewlifebyusingiteveryday.Preservingalanguageismorelikepreservingfruitsinajar,hesays.Q6:Savinglanguagesfromextinctionisnotinitselfasatisfactorygoal.例题93句子+句子（按顺序）1.找出题干Keywords2.找出选项Keywords3.比较两组Keywords，尽量缩小选择范围（语法排除以及语义排除）4.根据题干回文中定位处寻找解题步骤9424Oneofthebrainsmostdifficulttaskisto25Becauseofthelanguagetheyhavedeveloped,humans26Individualresponsestohumour27PeterDerksbelievesthathumour例题95A.reacttotheirownthoughts.B.helpedcreatelanguageinhumans.C.respondinstantlytowhateverishappening.D.mayprovidevaluableinformationabouttheoperationofthebrain.E.copewithdifficultsituations.F.relatetoapersonssubjectiveviews.G.ledourancestorstosmileandthenlaugh.例题96Q27:PeterDerksbelievesthathumour最后一段第二、三句：AsPeterDerks,apsychologistatWilliamandMaryCollegeinVirginia,says:Iliketothinkofhumourasthedistortedmirrorofthemind.Itscreative,perceptual,analyticalandlingual.Ifwecanfigureouthowthemindprocesseshumour,thenwellhaveaprettygoodhandleonhowitworksingeneral.D.mayprovidevaluableinformationabouttheoperationofthebrain.例题97Q26:Individualresponsestohumour倒数第二段最后一句：Whetherajokegivespleasureorpaindependsonapersonsoutlook.Frelatetoapersonssubjectiveviews.例题9825Becauseofthelanguagetheyhavedeveloped,humans倒数第二段第一句：Allwarm-bloodedanimalsmakeconstanttinyadjustmentsinarousalinresponsetoexternalevents,buthumans,whohavedevelopedamuchmorecomplicatedinternallifeasaresultoflanguage,respondemotionallynotonlytotheirsurroundings,buttotheirownthoughts.Areacttotheirownthoughts.例题9924Oneofthebrainsmostdifficulttaskisto倒数第三段第一句：Makingarapidemotionalassessmentoftheeventsofthemomentisanextremelydemandingjobforthebrain,animalorhuman.Crespondinstantlytowhateverishappening.例题100段落信息配对（乱序）1.彻底同义转换 2.完全乱序 3.部分题目存在重复选项 NBYoumayuseanylettermorethanonce.出题特点101段落信息配对（乱序）4.从题量上来看，存在着以下两种可能：1)题量=段落 数+1（肯定带NB）2)题量 小于段落数两个以上由于每个选项只能重复使用一次，因此第一种题型就意味着每个段落都会有至少一个答案，而第二种题型则不能保证每段都有。5.永远是第一个题型 6.有部分题目与其后的题目有关联 出题特点102I.题量=段落数+1，且带NB的题型（通篇浏览）1.阅读所有题目，划出关键词 2.通读所有段落，依次寻找答案 II.题量小于段落数两个以上的题型 1.先做其它题目2.读题，看是否有对应答案 3.根据文章结构以及有否NB，对余下的段落进行猜测。解题思路103Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs,A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Writethecorrectletter,A-F,inboxes1-7onyouranswersheet.NB Youmayuseanylettermorethanonce.1a reference to theexchange of expertisebetweendifferent sports2an explanation of howvisual imagingis employed in investigations3a reason fornarrowing the scope of researchactivity4how someAIS ideashave beenreproduced5howobstacles to optimum achievementcan be investigated6an overview of thefunded supportof athletes7howperformance requirementsarecalculated before an event例题1104A段：finances programme of excellence in（对应第6题funded support）B段：AIS scientists work across a number of sports,applying skills learned in one to others（对应第1题的exchange of expertise和different sports）B段：They all focus on one aim:winning.We cant waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that dont help the coach work with an athlete（对应第3题narrowing the scope of research）C段：It collects images from digital cameras（对应第2题visual imaging）D段：to monitor heart rate,sweating,heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athletes ability to run（对应第5题obstacles to optimum ac