高中英语重点词汇、词组辨析.doc

高中英语重点词汇、词组辨析1. above all, after all, at all, in allabove all表示“最重要，首先”，常置于句首或句中，作插入语，起强调作用。Above all, we have won the game.after all表示“毕竟，终究，终归，到底”，在句中位置较灵活。Jessica has turned out to be a nice girl after all.at all表示“根本”。I dont like Mexican food at all.in all表示“总共”，既可放在句首，也可放在句末。We have learned 2500 English words in all.2. accept, receiveaccept表示“接受”的意思，是有意识的。Ive received a gift from him, but Im not going to accept it.receive表示“收到”的意思，是无意识的。Did you receive any letters today?3. add, add to, add.to, add up toadd表示“增加，添加，计算总和，补充说”。If the water is too cold, add some more hot water.add to表示“增添，增加，增进”。The heavy snow added to our difficulties.add.to表示“把加到”。Add ten to forty, and you will get fifty.add up to表示“合计达到”，该短语不用于被动语态。All his school education added up to no more than one year.4. admit sb./sth. to., admit of, admit toadmit sb./sth. to表示“允许某人或某物进入某处”。This visa will admit you to that country.admit of表示“容许有，有可能，容有余地”。The facts admit of no other explanation.admit to表示“承认”。She admitted to stealing the keys.5. agree on, agree to, agree with, agree thatagree on表示“就取得一致意见”。We couldnt agree on what to buy.agree to有两层含义和用法：(1)to作为动词不定式符号，其后面跟动词原形，表示“同意做某事”。They agreed to meet on Sunday.(2)to作为介词，之后跟表示计划、条件、建议等一类的名词或代词。The manager has agreed to our plan.agree with表示“同意某人意见”，其后可跟表示人的名词或代词。We didnt agree with what she said at the meeting.agree that表示“认为”，其后跟宾语从句。We agreed that they would deliver the sofa in the morning.6. alone, lonelyalone = by oneself, without others表示“独自一人”，可作表语和宾补。He went to the separate island all alone.lonely表示“孤独，寂寞”，主观上渴望有伴。若指地方，则表示“人迹罕至的，荒凉的，偏僻的”，可作定语或表语。The old man was alone in the house on the top of the hill, but he didnt feel lonely.7. a number of, the number ofa number of表示“许多”，谓语动词用复数。A number of visitors pay a visit to the museum every day.the number of表示“的数目”，谓语动词用单数。The number of pandas is increasing.8. arrive, get, reacharrive表示“达到，抵达”，不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at (小地点)。When will you arrive in London, Mr. Wallace?get表示“到达，抵达”，不及物动词，后接to。When we got to the airport, the flight had taken off.reach表示“到达，抵达”，及物动词。His letter reached me this morning.9. at the age of, by the age ofat the age of表示“在岁时”。She published a book at the age of ten.by the age of表示“到岁的时候，在岁以前”。By the age of sixteen, he had won ten gold metals.10. at the beginning, in the beginningat the beginning表示“在，在初开始的时候”，常与of连用。All of us should be careful with our work at the beginning of term.in the beginning表示“起初，首先”，相当于at first。In the beginning, some of us took no interest in this game.11. ashamed, shamefulashamed表示“感到羞耻，觉得惭愧，不好意思”，指主观认为是可耻的。He was ashamed of losing his wifes necklace the other day.shameful表示“不可饶恕，可耻”，指事物本身的客观性质是可耻的。To steal money from a blind person is a shameful act.12. be anxious to, be anxious for, be anxious aboutbe anxious to表示“急于，渴望”，其中to是不定式符号，后面接动词原形。We are anxious to know the result of the examination.be anxious for表示“渴望”，后面接名词或代词时，强调渴望得到某物或渴望了解某事。The young lady was anxious for a diamond necklace.be anxious about表示“对感到不安，为担心，为忧虑”。She was anxious about her lost son.13. believe, believe inbelieve表示“相信(事物的真实性，人的诚实)”。I dont believe you.believe in表示“信奉，信仰，信任”。We believe in him.14. be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by, be made up ofbe made of表示“由制成”，指从原料到制成品，强调形状变化，并无本质变化(属物理变化)。This table is made of wood.be made from表示“由制成”，指从原料到制成品，强调质的变化，并已无法复原(属化学变化)。Paper is made from wood.be made in表示“某物何时制造的”或“何地产的”。This bike was made in Shanghai.be made by表示“由制做”，后面接指人的名词或代词，强调动作的执行者。The kite was made by my brother.be made up of表示“由构成(组成)”。The football team is made up of 12 members.15. be pleased with, be pleased at/about, be pleased tobe pleased with表示“对满意，喜欢”，后面通常接指人的名词或代词。The president was pleased with all of his men in his company.be pleased at/about表示“对看到或听到的事感到高兴”，后面接指事的名词或v-ing。I am pleased at seeing so many students present.be pleased to表示“很高兴或很乐意做某事”，其中to是不定式符号，后面接动词原形。My boss must be pleased to see you again in Moscow.16. be tired of, be tired withbe tired of表示“对某事感到厌烦，厌倦”。Im tired of standing in the wind, doing nothing.be tired with表示“因为而累了”。She is tired with running a long time.17. besides, except, except forbesides表示“除了(包括在内)”。Besides chocolate and fruit juice, we need bread and eggs.except表示“除了(不包括在内)”。Every one of us, except him, went to the theatre for The Twelfth Night.except for表示“整体除了某一点以外”。The essay is good except for a few mistakes.18. be sure to do, be sure of doingbe sure to do表示“一定的；必定的”，主语可为sb.或sth.。We are sure to benefit from the new production.be sure of doing表示“确信的；肯定的”，主语只能为sb.。He is sure of offering you his help.19. big, huge, large, vastbig表示“尺度、重量、容积等大”。Our room is bigger than theirs.huge表示“体积大(还可指超越一定标准的大)”。That little boy was given a huge piece of cake.large表示“面积大，范围大，数目大”。Police discovered a large quantity of drugs in the van.vast表示“范围、地域大、巨大的”。(也可指数目巨大的)There are vast forest areas along the Amazon River.20. best, hit, strikebeat表示“连续性地击打”。(指无规律的击打)The rain beat against the windows.hit表示“打中，对准打”。He hit me with his hand.strike表示“重击、打一下或若干下”。(指有规律的撞击)The clock struck 12 when we arrived in the church.21. blow down, blow off, blow outblow down表示“吹倒，刮倒”。The strong winds yesterday blew down thousands of trees.blow off表示“吹掉，炸掉，发泄”。A gust of wind blew off all the papers on the table.blow out表示“吹熄，使熄灭”。Emma blew out the candle.22. break away from, break down, break into, break outbreak away from表示“脱离，摆脱”。Some members broke away to form a new political party.break down表示“(机器等)出毛病、出故障”。My car broke down on the way to work yesterday.break into表示“破门而入”。The office has been broken into twice since Christmas.break out表示“(火灾、战争、疾病、打斗)突然爆发”。A fight broke out among the crowd.23. bring in, bring on, bring outbring in表示“引来，引进，吸收”。The new film has brought in millions of dollars.bring on表示“使发生，引起”。Headaches are often brought on by stress.bring out表示“取出，说出，阐明，出版, 推出、生产出”。They have just brought out a new, smaller phone.24. care, care about, care for, care tocare表示“在意，关心，顾虑，照顾，喜爱”，但其后通常接从句。I dont care where you have been.care about表示“关心，计较，在乎”，一般用于否定句。He cares deeply about the environment.care for表示“关心，照料，喜欢，愿意”，一般用于肯定句或疑问句。Who will care for your children when you are away?care to表示“愿意，欲望”，后接动词原形。Would you care to join us for dinner?25. carry away, carry off, carry on, carry outcarry away表示“使倾倒，使激动得失去控制”。The music carried him away.carry off表示“叼走，夺走”。He carried off three gold medals in the Olympics.carry on表示“继续进行”。The doctors have warned him but he just carried on drinking.carry out表示“实施，遵守”。He carried out his promise to give up smoking.26. 与come相关的词组辨析come about表示“发生”。How did it come about?come across表示“偶遇，碰到(=come upon)”。Weve just come across an old friend we havent seen for e along表示“进展，进步，进行”。Hows your work coming along?come around表示“拜访，改变观点，同意(原来反对的)观点(或计划)，发生、恢复知觉”。Im sure shell come around to our view e down表示“传递，传给”。The song comes down to us from the 20th e into表示“开始，进入”。A small town came into sight as we turned the last e out表示“(照片上)显露，结果是”。The stars came out as soon as darkness e round表示“恢复知觉，苏醒过来”。Leave him alone and hell soon come e to表示“涉及，谈及”。When it comes to business I know e up表示“走进，接近，抬头，上来，上升”。The issue of security came up at the meeting e up with表示“想出(计划、回答)，作出(反应)，产生”。He couldnt come up with a good scheme to make money.27. compare.to, compare.withcompare.to表示“把比作”，着重注意两者间的相似点。This essay compares our country to a big pare.with表示“把与相比”，侧重指两者间的区别。Compare this story with that one, and you will find the differences between them.28. consider.as, consider doing, consider.to beconsider.as表示“把(某人)看作”。Today, Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest of all American presidents.consider doing表示“考虑做某事”。Have you considered having a jog in the morning?consider.to be表示“把看作是”。The people had considered him to be a great leader.29. cross, across, crossingcross作动词用时，表示“横过”。They are crossing the river.across可作介词或副词，表示“横穿，横过”。The Bank of China is across the street.crossing表示“横穿，交叉，十字路口，人行横道”。Those children are standing at a crossing waiting for their school bus.30.cut down, cut in, cut off, cut up, cut throughcut down表示“砍倒，(疾病等)夺去生命”。That old man has cut this tree down.cut in表示“插嘴，插入”。Dont cut in when they have a talk.cut off表示“切断”。Many towns had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.cut up表示“切割开来，切碎，使难过”。I am cutting the wood up.cut through表示“剪断，凿穿”。The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and to help clear the roads and paths.31. damage, destroy, ruindamage表示“损坏，破坏”，毁坏的程度通常是可以修补的。The earthquake damaged several buildings.destroy表示“破坏，摧毁，消灭，毁灭”，毁坏的程度是不能修补的。The big fire destroyed the whole building.ruin表示“毁灭”，把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。The storm has ruined all the crops here.32. discover, find, find out, invent,discover表示“发现”，指偶然或经过努力发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物。Columbus discovered America in 1492.find表示“找到，发现”，着重指找到的结果。They finally found a way to solve the problem.find out表示“找出，发现，查明(真相等)”，指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。Please find out when the ship sails for Sydney.invent表示“发明”，指通过劳动运用聪明才智发明(创造)出以前从未存在过的新事物。Who invented the computer?33. decide, determinedecide表示经过考虑或讨论研究做出决定。Our boss decided not to go to Egypt by ship.determine表示决心已下，任何力量都动摇不了。I determined to give him a chance.34. die away, die down, die outdie away表示“(声音，怒火等)渐渐消失”。His anger died away. (He was not angry.)die down表示“(声音，怒火等)逐渐减小”。His anger died down a little bit. (He was still angry.)die out表示“(物种等)灭绝，不复存在”。Many living things are facing the danger of dying out.35. everyday, every dayeveryday表示“日常的，通常的；每天的”，用作形容词。Computers are now part of everyday life.every day表示“每天”，用作副词。This problem we should face every day.36. fall down, fall into, fall off, fall onto,fall down表示“(人)跌倒，摔倒，绊倒”，用作不及物动词。The old lady fell down in the street and broke her leg.fall into表示“掉到里，陷入(困难)”。A car fell into the river while it is speeding on the bridge.fall off表示“从上落下，掉下，摔下”，用作及物动词。The boy fell off a tree and broke the arm.fall onto表示“掉到上”。The books fell off the desk onto the ground.37. feed.on, feed.tofeed.on表示“用喂”，feed后接表示人或动物的词。(强调以为主食)I feed the dog on meat.feed.to表示“将喂给”，feed后跟表示食物的词(强调“提供”)。What did you feed to the baby just now?38. fear, frightenfear表示“害怕”。He was shaking with fear.frighten表示“使害怕，使吃惊”。Does the spider frighten you?39. finally, at last, in the endfinally表示“最后”，指某一动作发生的顺序是在最后。She finally agreed with me.at last表示“终于”，指经过一番曲折或努力之后某事才发生，强调其结果。After a lot of difficulties, he succeeded at last.in the end表示“最后”，指经过若干周折或努力而最后发生了某事。We did experiment after experiment, and in the end we succeed.40. feel ones way, fight ones way, find ones wayfeel ones way表示“摸索着探路”。The blind man felt his way with the stick.fight ones way表示“挣扎着前进”。All of us fought our way out of the crowd.find ones way表示“找到路”。How did your dog find its way here?41. fit, be fit for, be fit tofit表示“适合，合身”，主要指大小适合。Your clothes fit well.be fit for表示“适合，能胜任”，for后面接名词或-ing形式。You are fit for this position in our company.be fit to表示“适合，能胜任”，to为动词不定式符号，因此后面只能接动词原形。The food is not fit to eat.42. forbid doing sth., forbid sb.to do sth.forbid doing sth.表示“禁止，不许”，在无人称宾语的情况下用动名词作它的宾语。We forbid smoking here.forbid sb. to do sth.表示“禁止，不许”，在有人称宾语的情况下用不定式短语作其补语。The snowstorm forbid us to go out.43. forget, leaveforget表示“遗留”时，forget后只跟事物，不跟地点或场所。That old lady always forgets her key.leave表示“遗留”时，一定接地点场所。My boss left his key at home this morning.44. forget doing, forget to doforget doing表示“忘记做过某事”。He forgot turning the light off.forget to do表示“忘记要去做某事”。The light in the office is still on, he must have forgotten to turn it off.45. gather, collectgather表示“把分散的东西集中到一起”。Gather your toys up.collect表示“精心地、有选择地进行收集”。He likes collecting coins and stamps.46. get in touch with, keep in touch withget in touch with表示“与取得联络”，表动作。I tried to get in touch with him in London, but failed.keep in touch with表示“和保持联络”，表状态。Lets keep in touch with each other.47. 与get有关的词组辨析get along with表示“与相处”。We get along very well with each other.get close to表示“接近”。Dont get close to that house.get down to表示“开始认真做”。Once the reporters know what to write about, they get down to work.get off表示“脱下”。Jimmy got off his overcoat when he came in.get married表示“结婚”。The person getting married is a relative of my fathers.get through表示“通过，拨通(电话)”。I cant get through for the lines busy.get together表示“聚会，联欢”。We must get together some other time for a chat.get into the habit of表示“染上习惯”。Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking.48. give away, give in, give out, give up,give away表示“分发，泄露(秘密等)”。The principal gave away the prizes at the sports meet.give in表示“投降，屈服，让步”。As neither of the two sides would give in, the agreement fell through.give out表示“用完，耗尽，体力不支”。After a long journey, the old mans strength gave out and couldnt walk any farther.give up表示“放弃(念头、希望等)，停止，抛弃，认输”。Never give up when you meet with some difficulties.49. go on to do sth., go on doing sth., go on with sth.go on to do sth.表示“接着做另一件事”，即接下去做与原来不同的一件事。After they had had their coffee, the students went on to do the exercises.go on doing sth.表示“继续不停地做某事或间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”。The kids went on talking and laughing all the way.go on with sth.表示“间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”，其后一般接代词作宾语。通常情况下，go on doing sth.和go on with sth.可互换。After a rest, we went on with our lesson.(After a rest, we went on having our lesson.)50. happen, take placehappen表示“发生”，是无意识的。When did the accident happen?take place表示“举行”，是有意识的。When will the wedding take place?51. hand down, hand in, hand out, hand overhand down表示“把传下来”。The story was handed down from one generation to another.hand in表示“把交上来，交给，递交”。Bebrave,startlookingforothercareeroptionsandthenhandinyour resignationletter.hand out表示“散发”。The boy is handing out the paper now.hand over表示“转交”或“移送”。Please hand over this apple to your brother.52. 与have有关的词组辨析have a good trip表示“一路顺风”。Good luck. Have a good trip.have a talk with表示“与谈话”。Alice is having a talk with her tutor about her course.have a seat表示“坐下”。Come in and have a seat please.have a word with表示“和说句话”。Could I have a word with you?have.on表示“戴着，穿着”。Having a black hat on, Chaplin carried a stick, which he used to swing in the air.have sports表示“进行体育活动”。Do you often have sports at school?53. have sb. do st