八年级上册英语.docx

八年级上册英语（2014年秋季版）语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。本单元的语法：1.复习一般过去时；2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。2.不定代词和不定副词的用法：（1）左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词；（2）一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（no one为两个单词）；（3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用something，形容词important放后）Did you buy anything special? （一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后）Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)（4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。本单元的短语和知识点：1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习备考 go out出去4. quite a few相当多,不少（后跟可数名词复数）take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起来很好taste（尝起来）、look（看起来）、sound（听起来）为感官动词，后跟形容词7.have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴，玩得愉快（=enjoy oneself） 8. go shopping去购物 9. nothingbut+动词原形：除了之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。10. seem to do sth:好像 I seem to know him.我好像认识他。seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来The work seems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很容易。11.keep a diary记日记12. in+大地方：达到某地 （get to +地方：达到某地） arrive at+小地方：达到某地 (get的过去式为got)若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词inatto必须去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。13.decide to do sth:决定做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事15. feel like给的感觉；感受到 16. in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 difference(名词，差异，差别)- different(形容词，不同的)18.start doing sth：开始做某事 （= start to do sth）19.19.over an hour一个多小时 （over超过，多余 = more than）20. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。 too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。much too 太，后跟形容词或副词 ， 分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。21. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词（即动词+ing），不能接句子。 because因为，后跟句子。He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。（get为动词）= He was late for school because he got up late.22. enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前He has enough money .23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school.24. doing sth.忘记已经做过某事（已经做完） Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（还未做）(forget的过去式为forgot)25. so+形容词+that+句子：如此以至于too+形容词+to do sth：太以至于不能形容词+enough to do sth：足够能够做某事（注意三个句型有时可以互换）He is so young that he cant go to school.= He is too young to go to school.= He isnt old enough to go to school.