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IHave A DreamMartinLutherKing,JrAugust28,19631文:WecanneverbesatisfiedaslongastheNegroisthevictimoftheunspeakablehorrorsofpolicebrutality.Wecanneverbesatisfiedaslongasourbodies,heavywith(有大量的)thefatigueoftravel,cannotgainlodging(寄宿)inthemotelsofthehighwaysandthehotelsofthecities.Neverbesatisfied:永不满足只要黑人仍然遭受警察难以形容的野蛮迫害,我们就绝不会满足。只要我们在外奔波而疲乏的身躯不能在公路旁的汽车旅馆和城里的旅馆找到住宿之所,我们就绝不会满足。只要黑人的基本活动范围只是从少数民族聚居的小贫民区转移到大贫民区,我们就绝不会满足。aslongas:1.长达;达之久reachalengthof2.当时候when3.既然,由于,因为because/onaccountof4.如果,只要,在情形下oncondition5.美国英语既然,由于常置于句首as/nowthat2文:I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations(苦难和折磨).Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells.Some of you have come from areas where your quest(追求)for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution(迫害)and staggered(摇摇晃晃)by the winds of police brutality.我并非没有注意到,参加今天集会的人中,有些受尽苦难和折磨,有些刚刚走出窄小的牢房,有些由于寻求自由,曾早居住地惨遭疯狂迫害的打击,并在警察暴行的旋风中摇摇欲坠。You have been the veterans(老兵;老手)of creative suffering.Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive(救赎).你们是人为痛苦的长期受难者。坚持下去吧,要坚决相信,忍受不应得的痛苦是一种赎罪。Workwith:(通过努力呼吁等方式)试图影响,对起作用,对产生影响:与合作(或协作):与共事:3 Continue vi.1.继续,延续,延伸:After a short break the play continued.经过短暂的休息以后,戏继续上演。2.持续:The strike continued for several days.罢工持续了几天之久。3.逗留,停留:They continued in Shanghai when she went to Hangzhou.她去杭州时他们留在上海。4.维持原状,保持:He continued silent.他保持沉默。vt.1.使继续;坚持:He continued the work day after day.他一天一天地继续做这件工作。2.使延伸,延长;扩展:He continued his fence from the garden to the gate.他把篱笆从花园扩展到大门口。3.使持续,使持久;保持;保留:If their present policy is continued,I am afraid that war is inevitable.如果他们目前的政策持续不变的话,恐怕战争就不可避免了。4.继续说,接着说:He continued that he never thought that the chief engineer himself would come.他接着说他从来没想到总工程师会亲自来。4文:GobacktoMississippi,gobacktoAlabama(阿拉巴马),gobacktoSouthCarolina(南卡罗莱纳),gobacktoGeorgia(佐治亚),gobacktoLouisiana(路易斯安那),gobacktotheslums(贫民区)andghettos(犹太社区)ofournortherncities,knowingthatsomehowthissituationcanandwillbechanged.Letusnotwallowinthevalleyofdespair.让我们回到密西西比去,回到阿拉巴马去,回到南卡罗莱纳去,回到佐治亚去,回到路易斯安那去,回到我们北方城市中的贫民区和少数民族居住区去,要心中有数,这种状况是能够也必将改变的。我们不要陷入绝望而不能自拔。词-ing形式作状语:动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随或补充。1表示时间:动词-ing形式作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。Turningaround,shesawacardrivingup.=Whensheturnedaround,shesawacardrivingup.她转过身,看见一辆车朝她开来。2表示原因:表示原因的动词-ing形式一般置于句首,相当于一个原因状语从句。Beingill,hecouldnotwalkanyfurther.=Ashewasill,hecouldnotwalkanyfurther.因为疲倦,他不能再往前走了。53表示结果:动词-ing形式作状语表示一种必然的结果,可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。Thefirelastednearlyamonth,leavingnothingvaluable.=Thefirelastednearlyamonth,andleftnothingvaluable.大火持续了近一个月,几乎没剩下什么值钱的东西。4表示条件:动词-ing形式作条件状语,相当于一个条件状语从句。Beingmorecareful,youcanmakefewermistakes.=Ifyouaremorecareful,youcanmakefewermistakes.更细心点,你就会少犯错误。5表示让步:动词-ing形式作让步状语,相当于一个让步状语从句。Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.=Althoughtheyknewallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。6表示方式、伴随或补充说明:动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明,可以扩展成为一个并列成分。Hewaswalkingalongthestreet,lookingthiswayandthat.=Hewaswalkingalongthestreet,andlookedthiswayandthat.他在街上走着,左顾右盼。wallowin:沉溺于;打滚6let:vt.允许,让;出租;假设;妨碍vi.出租;被承包n.障碍;出租屋短语:letout放掉;发出;泄露;放走letdown放下;使失望;降低;放低letalone更别提;更不用说;不干涉;不打扰letgo放开;展翅高飞;放手;释放letloose放松;放开;释放;放任letdown使失望;放下letin允许进入;放进;让进入;letalone更不用说;不干涉;听其自文:Isaytoyoutoday,myfriends,soeventhoughwefacethedifficultiesoftodayandtomorrow,Istillhaveadream.ItisadreamdeeplyrootedintheAmericandream.朋友们,今天我对你们说,在此时此刻,我们虽然遭受种种困难和挫折,我仍然有一个梦想。这个梦是深深扎根于美国的梦想中的。Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseup,liveuptothetruemeaningofitscreed:“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident;thatallmenarecreatedequal.”我梦想有一天,这个国家会站立起来,真正实现其信条的真谛:”我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的;人人生而平等。”7riseup1.站起来;升起:Theballoonroseupslowlyintotheair.气球缓缓升上天空。2.起义;反抗;叛变:Thepeopleofthewholecountrygotunitedtoriseupagainsttheforeigninvaders.全国人民团结起来反抗外国侵略者。3.(一种感情)升起,产生;增强:CompassionroseupinmyheartwhenIsawthebeggardropdeadinthestreet.当我看到这个乞丐倒毙街头时,怜悯之心油然而生。文:IhaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofGeorgiathesonsofformerslavesandthesonsofformerslave-ownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableofbrotherhood(手足情谊).我梦想有一天,在佐治亚的红山上,昔日奴隶的儿子将能够和昔日奴隶主的儿子坐在一起,共叙兄弟情谊。sitdown:1.(使)坐下;(使)就座。2.(使)定居;(使)驻扎。3.坐下来商谈。4.(飞机)着陆。5.【军事】开始围攻。8文:IhaveadreamthatonedayeventhestateofMississippi,astatesweltering(热得难受的)withtheheatofinjustice(不公平),swelteringwiththeheatofoppression(压迫),willbetransformedintoanoasis(绿洲)offreedomandjustice.我梦想有一天,甚至连密西西比州这个正义匿迹,压迫成风,如同沙漠般的地方,也将变成自由和正义的绿洲。betransformedinto:改为;转换为;转化文:IhaveadreamthatmyfourchildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloriftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacterIhaveadreamtoday.IhaveadreamthatonedaydowninAlabamawithitsgovernorhavinghislipsdrippingwiththewordsofinterposition(干涉)andnullification(无效),onedayrightdowninAlabamalittleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeabletojoinhandswithlittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.我梦想有一天,我的四个孩子将在一个不是以他们的肤色,而是以他们的品格优劣来评判他们的国度里生活。我今天有一个梦想。我梦想有一天,阿拉巴马州能够有所转变,尽管该州州长现在仍然满口异议,反对联邦法令,但有着一日,那里的黑人男孩和女孩将能够与白人男孩和女孩情同骨肉,携手并进。9joinhandswith:1.(与)握手;(同)携手联合2.(同)合伙3.(与)结婚,(和)结为夫妻文:Ihaveadreamtoday.Ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalley(溪谷)shallbeexalted(尊贵的),everyhillandmountainshallbemadelow,theroughplaceswillbemadeplain,andthecrooked(弯曲的)placeswillbemadestraight,andtheglory(赞颂)oftheLordshallberevealed,andallfleshshallseeittogether.我今天有一个梦想。我梦想有一天,幽谷上升,高山下降,坎坷曲折之路成坦途,圣光披露,满照人间。Withthisfaithwewillbeabletoworktogether,topraytogether,tostruggletogether,togotojail(入狱)together,tostandupforfreedomtogether,knowingthatwewillbefreeoneday.有了这个信念,我们将能一起工作,一起祈祷,一起斗争,一起坐牢,一起维护自由;因为我们知道,终有一天,我们是会自由的。with复合结构即with+宾语+宾语补足语结构,其中的宾语可用名词/代词,宾语补足语可用名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词。1with+宾语(名词/代词)+宾语补足语(动词不定式):动词不定式表示将来发生的动作,常发生在谓语动词的动作之后。10Withmuchworktodo,Ihadtostayathome.因为有许多工作要做,我得呆在家。2with+宾语(名词/代词)+宾语补足语(过去分词):过去分词既表动作完成,又表被动,宾语和宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehind.小偷被带进来,双手被绑在身后。3with+宾语(名词/代词)+宾语补足语(现在分词):现在分词既表动作正在进行,又表主动,宾语和宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。Heleftthesmallislandwiththefireburning.他离开了小岛,火还燃烧着。standupfor1.坚决要求,争取:Onlyweourselvescouldhelpus,nomanstandsupforourrights.只有我们能够拯救我们自己,没有人会为我们的权利去拼命争取的。2.维护,支持,保卫:Startlegalproceedingsagainsthim,andthelawcouldstandupforyourrights.对他开始法律诉讼,法律可以维护你的权利。Standupforlife为生活奋战(fightforlife)Tostandupfor支持(support)11文:ThiswillbethedaywhenallofGodschildrenwillbeabletosingwithnewmeaning.Mycountry,tisofthee,Sweetlandofliberty,OftheeIsing:Landwheremyfathersdied,Landofthepilgrimspride,FromeverymountainsideLetfreedomring.My Country,Tis of Thee,alsoknownasAmerica,isanAmericanpatrioticsong,whoselyricswerewrittenbySamuelFrancisSmith.ThemelodyusedisthesameasthatofthenationalanthemoftheUnitedKingdom,GodSavetheQueen,arrangedbyThomasArne.ThesongservedasoneofthedefactonationalanthemsoftheUnitedStates(alongwithsongslikeHail,Columbia)beforetheadoptionofTheStar-SpangledBannerastheofficialanthemin1931.12文:Whenweletfreedomring,whenweletitringfromeveryvillageandeveryhamlet,fromeverystateandeverycity,wewillbeabletospeedupthatdaywhenallofGodschildren,blackmenandwhitemen,JewsandGentiles,ProtestantsandCatholics,willbeabletojoinhandsandsinginthewordsoftheoldNegrospiritual,“Freeatlast!freeatlast!thankGodalmighty(全能的上帝),wearefreeatlast!”Negro spiritual(美国黑人灵歌):18世纪中叶,狂热的宗教风潮横卷美国。基督教中人人平等、大家为兄弟姐妹的教义吸引了黑人奴隶。到1820年,已约有6万名美国黑人接受浸信会的洗礼,成为信徒。因此,殖民时期宗教音乐在非洲裔美国黑人的生活中占有重要位置,最初以南方宗教习俗野营会中演唱的歌曲的形式出现,最终发展为更具有艺术特色的灵歌。灵歌的题材丰富多彩,歌词形象生动,死亡和逃跑是灵歌反复提及的两个主题。一种类型的灵歌来自圣经故事,表达出黑奴向上帝倾诉苦难深重的奴隶生活,把摆脱奴役的愿望寄托于上帝,乞求死后升入天堂获得较好的生活。另一种类型的灵歌表达着他们逃脱奴隶制枷锁去北方获得自由的强烈愿望。http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_spiritual13AmericanDream(美国梦-诠释美国人生活理想的专有名词):TheAmerican American DreamDreamis a nationalethos of theUnited States,a set of ideals in which freedom includes the opportunity for prosperity and success,and an upwardsocial mobilityachieved through hard work.In the definition of the American Dream byJames Truslow Adamsin 1931,life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone,with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement regardless ofsocial classor circumstances of birth.The idea of the American Dream is rooted in theUnited States Declaration of Independence which proclaims that all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights including Life,Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.美国梦美国梦是一个国家民族精神的,一套理想的,其中包括自由的机会,繁荣和成功,并有上升的社会流动通过努力工作来实现。在美国梦的定义,詹姆斯Truslow亚当斯在1931年,“生活应该是更好,更丰富,更全面的为大家,为每个按能力或成就的机会”不论社会阶层或出生情况。美国梦的理念植根于独立的美国宣言,宣言说“人人生而平等”,他们是“造物主赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利”,包括生命权,自由权和追求幸福的权利。美国梦的象征自由女神TheStatueofLibertyEquality;freedom;democracy14文:AndifAmericaistobeagreatnationthismustbecometrue.Soletfreedomringfromtheprodigioushilltops(巍峨高峰)ofNewHampshire(新罕布什尔州).LetfreedomringfromthemightymountainsofNewYork!LetfreedomringfromtheheighteningAlleghenies(阿勒格尼山)ofPennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚州)!Letfreedomringfromthesnowcapped(顶部被雪覆盖的)Rockies(落基山脉)ofColorado(科罗拉多州)!Letfreedomringfromthecurvaceous(曲线美的)slops(溢出物)ofCalifornia(加利福利亚州)!Butnotonlythat;letfreedomringfromStoneMountain(斯通山)ofGeorgia(佐治亚州)!LetfreedomringfromLookoutMountain(了望山)ofTennessee(田纳西州)!Letfreedomringfromeveryhill(丘陵)andmolehill(山丘)ofMississippi!Fromeverymountainside,letfreedomring!15Thats all!Thank you!16
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