机械专业英语阅读全套教学教程.ppt

机械专业英语阅读教程教与学过程引导以单元为模块，以训练为引导，开展教与学过程：以单元为模块，以训练为引导，开展教与学过程：学习过程引导以单元为模块，以训练为引导，开展教与学过程：以单元为模块，以训练为引导，开展教与学过程：Step1：GettingtheMessage-在教师的引导下，正确理解英语原文的信息,学生需要完成一系列训练题目。Step2：MachingtheTerms-学生要完成专业词汇的中英文配对训练。Step3：（WorkingwiththeExpressions-正确使用常用专业英文短语。Step4：RewritingtheComplexSentences用简单语句正确表达复杂语句的信息。Step5：Speakingout-通过一段口语对话概要描述整篇文章传达的信息。1.1.如有如有“”音频图标按钮，可点击该按钮，调用外链音频文件进行播放。音频图标按钮，可点击该按钮，调用外链音频文件进行播放。注意：当调用外链文件弹出阻止对话框时，请点击注意：当调用外链文件弹出阻止对话框时，请点击“确定确定”按钮。按钮。课课 件件 使使 用用 引引 导导2.2.在全屏播放课件时，如要切换出音频播在全屏播放课件时，如要切换出音频播放界面，可按放界面，可按 键，键，或或按键调按键调出导航栏，点击音频播放器即可。出导航栏，点击音频播放器即可。运用本课件能够实施以单元为模块，以训练为引导的教与学过程。运用本课件能够实施以单元为模块，以训练为引导的教与学过程。Lesson OneMechanicaltoolsarebothhandandpowertoolsusedbymechanicstorepairandfixmachinery.Theefficientuseofmachines,computers,andautomationhasenabledmodernmanufacturingindustrytoreachsuchanadvancedstatethattheneedforhandtoolshasbeen almost eliminated.However,hand tools are still required for many purposes inindustry,likeforthemakingofprototypesandmodels,andfortherepairandmaintenanceof the equipment.Some of the most common hand tools are mentioned and a briefdescriptionoftheiruseisgivenbelow.prototype/prttap/n.原型benchvice虎钳译文译文（1）Accordingtothispassage,thecorrectanswersareMechanicstoolmaybeahandtool.Mechanicstoolmaybeapowertool.Mechanicstoolsareusedtorepairmachinery.Mechanicstoolsareusedtofixmachinery.Handtoolshavebeeneliminatedinmodernmanufacturingindustry.Handtoolsmaybeusedinindustrytomaketheprototypesandmodels.Handtoolsmaybeusedinindustrytorepairandmaintaintheequipments.Lesson One-1(2)MatchthesetermswiththeirChinesetranslations.Lesson One-1(3)Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithasuitablepreposition,conjuction,oradverb.a.Mechanicstoolsarehandpowertools.b.Mechanicstoolsusedmechanicstorepairandfixmachinery.c.Theneedhandtoolshasbeenalmosteliminatedinmodernmanufacturingindustry.d.Handtoolsarestillrequiredmanypurposesinindustry,themakingofprototypesandmodels,andtherepairandmaintenanceofequipment.bothandbyforforlikeforLesson One-1(4)Rewritethecomplexsentencewithsimplesentences.ua.Theefficientuseofmachines,computers,andautomationhasenabledmodernmanufacturingindustrytoreachsuchanadvancedstate,thattheneedforhandtoolshasbeenalmosteliminated.Modernmanufacturingindustryhasreachedanadvancedstatefortheefficientuseofmachines,computersandautomation.Theneedforhandtoolshasbeenalmosteliminatedinmodernmanufacturingindustry.Lesson One-1ub.However,handtoolsarestillrequiredformanypurposesinindustry,likethemakingofprototypesandmodels,andfortherepairandmaintenanceofequipment.Handtoolsarestillrequiredformanypurposesinindustry.Handtoolsmaybeusedtomakeprototypesandmodelsinindustry.Handtoolsmaybeusedtorepairandmaintainequipmentinindustry.Lesson One-1Lesson One1.CommonMechanicalTools（1）Bench vices are designed to hold theworkpiece with jaw width specifications of 100 mm,125 mm and 150 mm.A vice is a mechanical screwapparatususedforholdingorclampingaworkpiecetoallow work to be performed on it with tools such assaws,planes,drills,mills,screwdrivers,sandpaper,etc.Vicesusuallyhaveonefixedjawandanotherparalleljawwhichismovedtowardsorawayfromthefixedjawbythescrew.workpiece/w:kpi:s/n.工件saw/s:/v.&n.锯plane/plen/v.&n.刨削；刨子drill/drl/v.&n.钻（孔）；钻头mill/ml/v.&n.铣削；铣刀screwdriver/skru:drav/n.螺丝刀，螺丝起子，改锥sandpaper/sndpep/n.砂纸译文译文（1）Accordingtothispassage,thecorrectanswersareBenchviseisusedtoholdworkpiece.Movablejawisdrivenbythescrew.Benchvisesareallhaveafixedjawandamovablejaw.Sawing,drilling,filingandclampingcanbedoneonthevice.Lesson One-2(2)MatchthesetermswiththeirChinesetranslations.Lesson One-2(3)Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithasuitablepreposition,conjuction,oradverb.a.Benchvicesdesignedholdtheworkpiece.b.Viceisusedholdingclampingaworkpiece.c.Operations,sawing,drillingandmilling，etccanbedonethevice.d.Workpiecesareclampedjaws.e.Themovablejawofvicemovedorawayfromthefixedjawthescrew.aretofororsuchasonbyistowardbyLesson One-2(4)Rewritethecomplexsentencewithsimplesentences.ua.Aviceisamechanicalscrewapparatususedforholdingorclampingaworkpiecetoallowworktobeperformedonitwithtoolssuchassaws,planes,drills,mills,screwdrivers,sandpaper,etc.Aviceisamechanicalscrewapparatus.Aviceisusedforholdingorclampingaworkpiece.Wecanperformsawing,planing,drilling,milling,polishingetconthevice.Lesson One-2ub.Vicesusuallyhaveonefixedjawandanotherparalleljawwhichismovedtowardsorawayfromthefixedjawbythescrew.Vicesusuallyhaveonefixedjawandanotherparalleljaw.Theparalleljawismovedtowardsorawayfromthefixedjawbythescrew.Lesson One-2Lesson One译文译文（2）Afileisahardenedpieceofhighgradesteelwithaslantingrowofteeth.Itisusedtocut,smoothorfitmetalparts.Thetongisthepointedpartwhichisfittedintothehandle.Thepointistheendoppositetothetang.Theheelisnexttothehandle.Thesafeedgeorthesideofafileisthatwhichhasnoteeth.Filescanbedividedintoflat files,hand files,square files,round files,triangularfilesandhalfroundfiles.file/fal/n.锉刀tong/t/n.夹钳handle/hndl/n.手柄，把手tang/t/n.柄脚heel/hi:l/n.后跟，足跟，踵部（1）Accordingtothispassage,thecorrectanswersareFileismadeofhighgradehardenedsteel.Allpartsofthefilehaveslantingteeth.Filingisonlyusedforsmoothingpart.Allfilesareonlyusedtomachinemetalparts.Lesson One-3(2)MatchthesetermswiththeirChinesetranslations.Lesson One-3(3)Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithasuitablepreposition,conjuction,oradverb.a.Fileisahardenedpieceofhighgradesteelslantingrowofteeth.b.Thetongofthefileisfittedthehandle.c.Thetongisthepointedpartandthepointistheendtothetang.d.Filescanbedividedflatfile,handfile,squarefileandso.withintooppositeinonLesson One-3Lesson One（3）Ahammerisamultipurposetoolwhichcanbeusedforstrikingajoboratool,forshapingandformingsheetmetal,fortappingtogethercloselythefittingparts,andsoon.Itismadeofforgedsteelofvarioussizesandshapestosuitvariouspurposes.（4）Aspannerisatypeoftoolusedfortighteningorlooseningnuts,bolts,etc.Anadjustablespannerorawrenchisthemostwidelyusedspanner.hammer/hm/n.锤子sheet/i:t/n.薄板spanner/spn/n.扳子adjustablespanner活动扳手wrench/rent/n.扳手，扳钳译文译文Lesson One（5）Screwdrivers are tools for drivingscrews and often rotating and tightening othermachineelementstothematingdrivesystem.（6）Diesandtapsareusedformachiningtheexternalandtheinternalthreadsrespectively.（7）Inbenchworkoperations,handsawsareusedforcuttingofforslottingthemetal.（8）Grindersarethemostcommontypeappliedtosharpeningcuttersandtools.die/da/n.板牙，冲模tap/tp/n.丝锥，塞子benchwork钳工slot/slt/n.（机器或工具上的）狭缝，狭槽grinder/grand/n.砂轮机译文译文（1）Accordingtothispassage,thecorrectanswersareHammerisamultipurposetool.Hammerismadeofhardenedsteel.Spannerisusedforstriking,formingandtappingetc.Screwdriverisatoolusedfordrivingnuts.Tapsareusedformachiningexternalthread.Handsawsareonlyusedforcuttingoffmetals.Grindersareusedforgrindingcuttersandtools.Lesson One-4(2)MatchthesetermswiththeirChinesetranslations.Lesson One-4(3)Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithasuitablepreposition,conjuction,oradverb.a.Hammersaremadeforgedsteelofvarioussizesandshapessuitvariouspurposes.b.Spannerisatypeoftoolusedtighteningorlooseningnuts,boltsetc.c.Anadjustablespanneroradjustablewrenchisthemostusedspanner.d.Ascrewdriverisoftencontainingrotatingothermachineelementsthematingdrivesystem.e.Grindersarethemostcommontypeappliedsharpencuttersandtools.oftoforwidelywithtoLesson One-4(4)Rewritethecomplexsentencewithsimplesentences.AHammerisamultipurposetoolwhichcanbeusedforstrikingajoboratool,forshapingandformingsheetmetal,fortappingtogethercloselyfittingparts,andsoon.Ahammerisamultipurposetool.Ahammercanbeusedforstrikingajoboratool.Ahammercanbeusedforshapingandformingsheetmetal.Ahammercanbeusedfortappingtogethercloselyfittingparts.Lesson One-4Lesson One2.CommonMeasuringTools（1）The vernier caliper（Fig.1-1-1）is an extremely precise measuringinstrument,andthereadingerroris0.05mm.Itisnormallyusedtodeterminethethickness,thewidthofaslot,theinsideandtheoutsidediameter,thedepthandthecenterdistance.Onecanmeasuretheoutsideofapartwiththejaws,theinsideofaholeoraslotwiththenibs,orthedepthofaholeortheshoulderwiththeextensionbar.Calipersoftenhavedialordigitalreadoutsinstead.verniercaliper游标卡尺caliper/klp/n.卡钳，用卡钳测量nib/nb/n.尖头译文译文（2）A micrometer（Fig.1-1-2）generallyprovidesgreaterprecisionthanacaliper,butcanmeasureasmallerrangeoflengths.Generally,severaltypesofmicrometersareemployedforavarietyofpurposes,such as O.D.micrometer,I.D.micrometer,depthmicrometer,wallthicknessmicrometerandcommonnormallengthmicrometer.micrometer/makrmi:t/n.千分尺译文译文Lesson One（3）Thedialindicatorisspecifiedfortestingtheaccuracyofmachinesandworkpiecesandcalibratingtheorientationoffixtures,workpiecesaswellascuttingtools.（4）Limitgagesarefurtherdividedintopluggagesandcalibergages.Pluggagesareusedtotestthediameteroftheinternalholeandthewidthofthegroove.Thelattertypeisusedtotestthediameteroftheshaftandthewidthoftheconcavekey.dialindicator百分表limitgage极限量规译文译文pluggage塞规calibergage卡规Lesson One（1）Accordingtothispassage,thecorrectanswersareTheverniercaliperisanextremelyprecisemeasuringinstrument.Wecanmeasuretheoutsideofapartwiththenibs.Verniercaliperusedtodeterminethethickness,widthofslot,insideandoutsidediameter,depthandcenterdistanceofallkindsofshape.Onecanmeasurethedepthofaholeorshoulderwiththeextensionbar.Micrometersaremoreaccuratethancalipers.WecanuseO.D.micrometertomeasureinsidediameter.Calibergagesareusedtotestthediameteroftheinternalholeandwithofgroove.Pluggagesareusedtotestthediameterofshaftandwidthofconcavekey.Verniercaliper,micrometer,calibergagesandpluggagesarealltoolsusedforlengthmeasuring.Lesson One-5(2)MatchthesetermswiththeirChinesetranslations.Lesson One-5(3)Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithasuitablepreposition,conjuction,oradverb.a.Theverniercaliperisnormallyusedtomeasuretheoutsideofapartthejaws.b.Amicrometercanmeasureasmallerrangelengths.c.Differenttypesofmicrometersemployeddifferentpurpose.d.Dialindicatorarespecifiedtestingaccuracyofmachinesandworkpieces.withofforforLesson One-5(4)Rewritethecomplexsentencewithsimplesentences.TheDialindicatorarespecifiedfortestingaccuracyofmachinesandworkpiecesandcalibratingtheorientationoffixtures,workpiecesaswellascuttingtools.Dialindicatorarespecifiedfortestingaccuracyofmachinesandworkpieces.Dialindicatorarespecifiedforcalibratingtheorientationoffixtures,workpiecesandcuttingtools.Lesson One-5SpeakoutAskyourpartnerthefollowingquestionsonebyone,andorganizeadialogwiththequestionsandanswers.Lesson One-6Lesson Two1.EngineeringDrawingEngineeringdrawingisnotonlytheprovinceofthedraftsperson,butalsothelanguageoftheengineer.Itistheirmeansofdevelopingandrecordingtheirideas,andconveyingthemtoothers.Everyengineerwillbeusingandreferringtosomeformofdrawingsalmosteveryday.Theywilloftenbeproducingordirectingthepreparationofdrawings.Usually,theymakethepreliminarysketchesanddesigndrawingsinaccordancewithprinciplesoftheengineeringdrawing,becausethisisthemostunambiguouswaytoconveyandrecordinformation.Itisalsolikelythateveryengineeratsometimewillbecheckingtheworkofdesignersanddraftersandapprovingdrawingsbeforetheyaresenttotheworkshop.Whenengineerssignoffthefinalapprovalofadrawing,theywilltakeresponsibilityforit.Anoverlookederrorinthedrawingcouldbecostly.So a drawing must be the true andcompletestatementofthefigure,dimensionandtechnicalrequirements,expressingthewaythatthepartistobemanufactured.Themechanicaldrawingisaprocesswhichreliesheavilyupontheresearchintheprinciplesofrepresentation,interpretation and related technical standards.Typicaldrawingsinmachinemanufacturingareclassified as part drawings and assemblydrawings.Detailedintroducingisasfollowed.译文译文province/prvns/n.职责，领域draftsperson/dr:ftsp:sn/n.绘图员，制图员preliminary/prlmnri/adj.初级的，预备的sketch/sket/n.草图，素描，速写inaccordancewith与一致，依照unambiguous/nmbgjus/adj.不含糊的，清楚的，明确的overlook/vlk/v.忽视，未注意到partdrawing零件图assemblydrawing装配图Lesson Two（1）Accordingtothispassage,thecorrectanswersareEngineeringdrawingisonlytheprovinceofthedraftsperson.Engineeringdrawingisthelanguageoftheengineer.Everyengineerwillbeusingsomeformofdrawingsalmostdaily.Wordsarenotthenaturallanguageofengineers.Engineersmakedrawing,designdrawingsandproducepartaccordingtodrawings.Engineersshouldtakeresponsibilityforadrawingaftertheysignoffit.Anoverlookederrorinthedrawingcauselittletroublesome.Preliminarysketchescanalsobeusedtoinstructmanufacturingofpart.Lesson Two-1(2)MatchthesetermswiththeirChinesetranslations.Lesson Two-1(3)Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithasuitablepreposition,conjuction,oradverb.a.Engineeringdrawingisnotonlytheprovince_thedraftsperson.b.Everyengineerwillbereferring_someformofdrawingsalmostdaily.c.Everyengineerwillbecheckingthework_designerandapprovingdrawings_theyaresent_manufacturing.d.Engineersshouldtakeresponsibility_adrawingaftertheysign_it.e.Mechanicaldrawing_aprocesswhichreliesheavily_researchintheprinciplesofrepresentation,interpretationandrelatedtechnicalstandards.f.Engineeringdrawingisalanguage,whichisusedtorepresentadesignersidea_others.oftoofbeforeforoffisupontoLesson Two-1(4)Rewritethecomplexsentencewithsimplesentences.ua.Soadrawingmustbetrueandcompletestatementofthefigure,dimensionandtechnicalrequirements,expressingthewaythatthepartistobemanufactured.So adrawing must betrueand completestatement of the figure,dimensionandtechnicalrequirements.Adrawingexpressesthewaythatthepartistobemanufactured.Lesson Two-1ub.Mechanicaldrawingisaprocesswhichreliesheavilyuponresearchintheprinciplesofrepresentation,interpretationandrelatedtechnicalstandards.Mechanicaldrawingisaprocess.Mechanicaldrawingreliesheavilyuponresearchintheprinciplesofrepresentation,interpretationandrelatedtechnicalstandards.Lesson Two-1Lesson Two(1)PartDrawingsPartdrawingsarefrequentlyusedasinstructionformanufactureandinspectionoftheparts.An integrated part drawing should include a set of drawings,overalldimensions,necessarytechnicalrequirementsandfullcontentsofthetitleblock.Asetofdrawings:somerepresentationcanbegiventoproperlyshowtheinternalandtheexternalshapesofthepart.surfaceroughness表面粗糙度tolerance/tlrns/n.公差heattreatment热处理casetreatment表面处理Overalldimensions:specifyingtherequirementsformanufactureandinspectionofthepartintegrity.Necessarytechnicalrequirements:codes,symbolsandnotesareusedtodescribetheessentialtechnicalrequirementsintheprocessofmanufacture,inspectionandassembly,suchassurfaceroughness,tolerance,heattreatment,casetreatmentandsoon.Fullcontentsofthetitleblock:includingthepartname,thematerials,thedrawingnumber,thescaleandthesignatureoftheresponsibleindividual.(2)AssemblyDrawingsAssemblydrawingsareusedinexplainingmachinesorcomponents.Inmechanicaldesign,part drawings are usually related to the assembly drawing which indicates theworkingprincipleandthestructureofamachineoracomponent.Intheprocessofmachinemanufacturing,thedrawingsaretoallowmachiningofthemetalbasedonthepartdrawingandassemblingtocreateaunitoramachineinduecourseaswellasinoperationandmaintenance.译文译文Lesson Two（1）Accordingtothispassage,thecorrectanswersarePartdrawingsareusedasinstructionformanufactureandinspectionoftheparts.Partdrawingsaretheonlydrawingusedasinstructionforpartsmanufactureandinspection.Surfaceroughness,tolerance,heattreatmentandcasetreatmenta