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The course ofSpecial English for Mechanical Engineering机电教研室：张机电教研室：张晓晓1397922105第1页扩展学生在本专业方面英语词汇量扩展学生在本专业方面英语词汇量熟悉本事域专业术语熟悉本事域专业术语了解科技英语表示特点及掌握专业英语翻译技巧了解科技英语表示特点及掌握专业英语翻译技巧能阅读本专业外文资料，并具备一定写作能力能阅读本专业外文资料，并具备一定写作能力GoalsoftheCourse第2页Note:without any acute angle.Screw should be operated smoothly;Anneal area as showed;Screw and nut should be do finish in black;The hole and key trough should be lined on;Do not do finish on the polish surfaces.第3页第4页第5页1.1.专业英语词汇特点：专业英语词汇特点：专业术语多，合成新词多，前专业术语多，合成新词多，前后缀出现频率高，缩略词经常出现，非限定动词后缀出现频率高，缩略词经常出现，非限定动词（尤其是分词）使用频繁，词义单一。（尤其是分词）使用频繁，词义单一。2.2.专业英语语法特点：专业英语语法特点：惯用形式主语和形式宾语、名惯用形式主语和形式宾语、名词结构和被动语态使用频繁，复杂长句多，复合句词结构和被动语态使用频繁，复杂长句多，复合句多，每句包含信息量大。多，每句包含信息量大。3.3.专业英语修辞特点：专业英语修辞特点：时态利用有限，修辞手法简单，时态利用有限，修辞手法简单，逻辑语法使用普遍。逻辑语法使用普遍。机械工程专业英语特点机械工程专业英语特点 第6页1.单词特点单词特点(1)专业性词汇较多，且词形复杂，记忆难度大。专业性词汇较多，且词形复杂，记忆难度大。chrome-molysteel铬钼钢铬钼钢antifrictionbearing滚动轴承滚动轴承epicyclicgear行星齿轮行星齿轮(2)有些单词虽词形与基础英语相同，但词义相差很大有些单词虽词形与基础英语相同，但词义相差很大pig-iron生铁生铁bearing轴承轴承（方向，生育，忍耐）（方向，生育，忍耐）bolt螺栓（闪电，闩）螺栓（闪电，闩）(3)专业合成词较多，且与各原单词含义有一定不一样专业合成词较多，且与各原单词含义有一定不一样slide-crankmechanism曲柄滑块机构曲柄滑块机构detaildrawing零件图零件图four-barlinkage四连杆机构四连杆机构机械工程专业英语特点机械工程专业英语特点 第7页2.2.语法特点语法特点(1)(1)因为机械电子工程英语主要论及一些客观存在事物，极少论及因为机械电子工程英语主要论及一些客观存在事物，极少论及人，所以被动语态用尤其多，比比皆是。比如：人，所以被动语态用尤其多，比比皆是。比如：Amechanismhasbeendefinedas“acombinationofrigidorresistantbodiessoformedandconnectedthattheymoveuponeachotherwithdefiniterelativemotion.”机构被定义为：机构被定义为：“是由刚体或者有承载能力物体联接而形成组是由刚体或者有承载能力物体联接而形成组合体，它们在运动时彼此之间应该有确定相对运动合体，它们在运动时彼此之间应该有确定相对运动”机械工程专业英语特点机械工程专业英语特点 第8页2.2.语法特点语法特点(2)(2)机机电电专专业业英英语语因因为为要要表表述述较较复复杂杂概概念念，所所以以句句子子结结构构含含有有句句子子长长、定定语语从从句句多多、名名词词化化结结构构多多，非非限限定定性性谓谓语语结结构构、倒倒装装、省省略略、分分隔隔结结构构随随地地可可见见，常常出出现现句句子子套套句句子子情情况况，给给阅阅读读了了解上带来了极大困难。比如：解上带来了极大困难。比如：Itismuchbetterfordesignengineerstodoacompletejobofmaterialanalysis,selection,andspecificationatthedevelopment stage of design rather than to leave it to theproduction-designstage,wherechangesmaybemadebyothers,possiblylessknowledgeableaboutallofthefunctionaspectsoftheproduct.机械工程专业英语特点机械工程专业英语特点 第9页 Itismuchbetterfordesignengineerstodoacompletejobof material analysis,selection,and specification at thedevelopment stage of design rather than to leave it to theproduction-designstage,wherechangesmaybemadebyothers,possiblylessknowledgeableaboutallofthefunctionaspectsoftheproduct.译译译译文文文文：设设计计工工程程师师最最好好能能在在这这一一阶阶段段全全部部完完成成材材料料分分析析、选选择择和和确确定定工工作作，而而不不是是将将其其留留到到生生产产设设计计阶阶段段，因因为为在在生生产产设设计计阶阶段段材材料料更更换换是是由由其其它它人人员员进进行行，这这些些人人对对产产品品全全部部功功效效了了解解可能不如设计工程师。可能不如设计工程师。机械工程专业英语特点机械工程专业英语特点 第10页We made a hole in a cork and pushed it into a narrow glass tube.Then we pushed this into the neck of a bottle which we had filled with colored water.When we did this,some of the colored water went up into the tube.We marked the level of the colored water in the tube.Then we put the bottle into a pan of hot water.After a hole was made in a cork,a narrow glass tube was inserted and the cork was inserted into the neck of a bottle filled with colored water.On doing this,some of the colored water rose the tube.The level of the colored water in the tube was marked.Then the bottle was placed into a pan of hot water.Ordinary English and Scientific English第11页Ordinary EnglishScientific English通俗化：惯用词汇用得多专业化：专业术语用得多多义性：一词多义，使用范围广单义性：词义相对单一，因专业而不一样人称化：人称丰富，形式多样物称化：多用物称，以示客观多时性：描述生活，时态多样现时性：叙述事实多用现在时主动性：句子倾向于用主动态被动性：句子倾向于用被动简单性：单句、散句用多复杂性：复杂单句用得多，复合句用得多口语化：口语用得多，随意灵活书面化：长句用得多，书卷气浓第12页 Course ContentConventionalMachiningProcesses NontraditionalMachiningProcessesToleranceandFitsLocationandFixturesGearTransmissionCNCMachiningCentersAutomaticControlTransducers第13页Canyougivemealistofmachiningprocesses?TuringBoringMillingDrillingGrindingPlanning车削、镗削、铣削、钻削、磨削、刨削Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes第14页5.1 IntroductionConventionalmachiningisthegroupofmachiningoperationsthat use single-or multi-point tools to remove material in the form of chips.Metal cutting involves removing metal throughmachining operations.Machining traditionally takes place onlathes,drillpresses,andmillingmachineswiththeuseofvariouscuttingtools.Mostmachininghasverylowset-up costcomparedwith forming,molding,and casting processes.However,machiningismuchmoreexpensiveforhighvolumes.Machiningis necessary where tight tolerances on dimensions and finishesarerequired.Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes第15页5.1 5.1 译文译文 传传统统机机械械加加工工是是一一组组利利用用单单刃刃或或者者多多刃刃刀刀具具以以切切屑屑形形式式去去除除材材料料加加工工方方式式。金金属属切切削削意意味味着着经经过过机机械械加加工工去去除除金金属属。传传统统机机械械加加工工都都是是利利用用不不一一样样刀刀具具在在车车床床、钻钻床床和和铣铣床床上上进进行行。与与成成型型加加工工、锻锻压压和和铸铸造造工工艺艺相相比比，大大多多数数机机械械加加工工生生产产准准备备成成本本都都较较低低，然然而而假假如如是是大大批批量量生生产产，其其成成本本要要高高得得多多。当当对对零零件件尺尺寸寸公公差和光洁度要求较高时，机械加工是很有必要。差和光洁度要求较高时，机械加工是很有必要。Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes第16页5.2 Turning and LatheTurningisoneofthemostcommonofmetalcuttingoperations.In turning,a workpieceis rotatedabout its axis as single-pointcutting tools are fed into it,shearing away excess material andcreatingthedesiredcylindricalsurface.Turningcanoccuronbothexternalandinternalsurfacestoproduceanaxially-symmetricalcontouredpart.Partsrangingfrompocketwatchcomponentstolargediametermarinepropellershaftscanbeturnedonalathe.Apart from turning,several other operations can also beperformedonlathe.Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes第17页marine propeller第18页Words&expressionsaxiallyksiliadv.轴向地轴向地symmetricalsimetrikla.对称对称cylindricalsilindrikla.圆柱形圆柱形 contouredkntuda.显示轮廓，与某种形体轮廓相吻合显示轮廓，与某种形体轮廓相吻合Unit5 Conventional Machining Processes译文译文:在在金金属属切切削削加加工工操操作作中中，车车削削是是最最常常见见一一个个。在在车车削削过过程程中中，工工件件绕绕其其轴轴线线回回转转，单单刃刃车车刀刀沿沿工工件件进进给给，切切除除掉掉多多出出材材料料，最最终终形形成成要要求求圆圆柱柱形形表表面面。车车削削能能够够加加工工外外面面和和内内表表面面以以形形成成含含有有轴轴对对称称成成形形工工件件。从从怀怀表表零零件件到到大大直直径径船船用用螺螺旋旋桨桨轴轴都都能能够够在在车车床上加工。床上加工。除了车削，还有另外几个加工操作都能够在车床上进行。除了车削，还有另外几个加工操作都能够在车床上进行。第19页Boring and internal turning.Boring and internalturning areperformed on the internal surfaces by a boring bar or suitableinternalcuttingtools.Iftheinitialworkpieceissolid,adrillingoperationmustbeperformedfirst.Thedrillingtoolisheldinthetailstock,andthelatteristhenfedagainsttheworkpiece.Whenboringisdoneinalathe,theworkusuallyisheldinachuckoronaface plate.Holesmaybeboredstraight,tapered,ortoirregularcontours.Boringisessentiallyinternalturningwhilefeedingthetoolparalleltotherotationaxisoftheworkpiece.5.2 Turning and Lathe第20页Words&expressionstailstockteilstkn.尾座尾座chucktkn.卡盘，夹头卡盘，夹头译文译文:利利用用镗镗杆杆或或适适当当内内圆圆车车刀刀能能够够进进行行镗镗削削和和车车内内圆圆。假假如如工工件件毛毛坯坯是是实实心心，首首先先要要钻钻孔孔。钻钻头头安安装装在在尾尾架架上上，后后者者向向工工件件进进给给。假假如如在在车车床床上上进进行行镗镗削削加加工工，工工件件通通常常装装夹夹在在卡卡盘盘或或者者花花盘盘上上。镗镗出出孔孔能能够够是是直直孔孔、锥锥孔孔或或者者不不规规则则轮轮廓廓。当当将将刀刀具具沿沿工工件件回回转转轴线平行进给时，镗削实际上就是车内圆。轴线平行进给时，镗削实际上就是车内圆。5.2 Turning and Lathe第21页face platechuck第22页Facing.Facingistheproducingofaflatsurfaceastheresultofatoolsbeingfedacrosstheendoftherotatingworkpiece.Unlesstheworkisheldonamandrel,ifbothendsoftheworkaretobefaced,itmustbeturnedaroundafterthefirstendiscompletedandthenthefacingoperationrepeated.Thecuttingspeedshouldbedeterminedfromthelargestdiameterofthesurfacetobefaced.Facingmaybedoneeitherfromtheoutsideinwardorfromthecenteroutward.Ineithercase,thepointofthetoolmustbesetexactlyattheheightofcenterofrotation.5.2 Turning and Lathe第23页Becausethecuttingforcetendstopushthetoolawayfromthework,itisusuallydesirabletoclampthecarriagetothelathebedduringeachfacingcuttopreventitfrommovingslightlyandthusproducing a surface that is not flat.In the facing of casting orothermaterialsthathaveahardsurface,thedepthofthefirstcutshould be sufficient to penetrate the hard material to avoidexcessivetool wear.5.2 Turning and LatheWords&expressionsmandrelmndrl n.车床心轴车床心轴 clamp klmpv.夹紧，夹住夹紧，夹住carriage kridn.大刀架，拖板大刀架，拖板penetratepenitreitv.穿透，渗透穿透，渗透tool wear刀具磨损刀具磨损第24页译文译文:车车端端面面能能够够加加工工出出一一个个平平面面，它它是是当当车车刀刀沿沿回回转转工工件件端端面面横横向向进进给给结结果果。除除非非工工件件固固定定在在心心轴轴上上，假假如如工工件件两两端端都都要要车车端端面面，必必须须将将一一端端加加工工完完成成后后，将将工工件件调调头头，重重复复进进行行车车端端面面加加工工。车车削削速速度度必必须须由由所所加加工工表表面面最最大大直直径径来来决决定定。车车端端面面能能够够由由外外向向内内也也能能够够由由中中心心向向外外进进行行。不不论论哪哪种种情情况况，刀刀尖尖必必须须准准确确地地与与回回转转中中心心对对正正。因因为为切切削削力力有有将将车车刀刀推推离离工工件件趋趋势势，通通常常最最可可行行就就是是在在车车端端面面时时将将拖拖板板卡卡紧紧在在床床身身上上以以防防止止车车刀刀轻轻微微移移动动造造成成加加工工表表面面不不平平整整。在在对对含含有有硬硬质质表表面面铸铸件件或或其其它它材材料料进进行行车车端端面面加加工工时时，首次切深要足以穿透硬质材料从而防止过分刀具磨损。首次切深要足以穿透硬质材料从而防止过分刀具磨损。5.2 Turning and Lathe第25页Parting.Parting is the operation by which one section of aworkpieceisseveredfromtheremainderbymeansofcutofftool.Becausecuttingtoolsarequitethinandmusthaveconsiderableoverhang,thisprocessislessaccurateandmoredifficult.Thetoolshould be set exactly at the height of axis of rotation,be keptsharp,haveproperclearance angles,andbefedintotheworkpieceataproperanduniformfeedrate.5.2 Turning and LatheWords&expressionsremainderrimeind剩下物剩下物，余数，余数overhanguvhvt.悬于悬于.之上之上n.伸出伸出;突出突出uniformju:nif:ma.相同相同,一致一致n.制服制服;军服军服clearance angles 后角后角第26页译文译文:切切断断是是一一个个利利用用切切断断刀刀（割割刀刀）将将工工件件一一部部分分与与其其剩剩下下部部分分脱脱离离加加工工方方法法。因因为为切切断断刀刀非非常常薄薄而而且且处处于于悬悬臂臂状状态态，所所以以这这种种加加工工方方法法不不太太准准确确而而且且加加工工起起来来经经常常比比较较困困难难。切切断断刀刀必必须须准准确确地地对对正正回回转转轴轴，保保持持尖尖锐锐，含含有有适适当当后后角角，以以适适当当、不不变变进进给给率率沿工件进给。沿工件进给。5.2 Turning and Lathe第27页Threading.Threadingcanbeconsideredasturningsincethepathtobetravelledbythecuttingtoolishelical.However,therearesomemajordifferencesbetweenturningandthreading.Whileinturning,theinterestisingeneratingasmoothcylindricalsurface,inthreadingtheinterestisincuttingahelicalthreadofagivenformanddepthwhichcanbecalculatedfromtheformulae.5.2 Turning and Lathehelicalhelikla.螺旋状螺旋状译文译文:车车螺螺纹纹能能够够看看作作是是车车削削，只只是是车车刀刀所所形形成成加加工工轨轨迹迹是是螺螺旋旋线线。但但二二者者也也存存在在一一些些不不一一样样之之处处。车车削削主主要要考考虑虑能能否否生生成成光光滑滑圆圆柱柱形形表表面面，而而车车螺螺纹纹重重视视是是能能否否切切出出含含有有按按公公式式计计算算出出来来要求形状和深度螺旋线。要求形状和深度螺旋线。第28页There are two basic requirements for thread cutting.An accurately shaped and properly mounted tool is needed because thread cutting is a form-cutting operation.The resulting thread profile is determined by the shape of the tool and its position relative to the workpiece.The second by requirement is that the tool must move longitudinally in a specific relationship to the rotation of workpiece,because this determines the lead of the thread.This requirement is met through the use of the lead screw and the split unit,which provide positive motion of carriage relative to the rotation of spindle.5.2 Turning and Latheform-cutting operation 成形加工成形加工longitudinallyl:ditju:dinliadv.纵向纵向lead screw 丝杠丝杠split unit 开合机构开合机构第29页译文译文:车车螺螺纹纹有有两两个个基基本本要要求求：首首先先，因因为为车车螺螺纹纹是是一一个个成成形形加加工工，所所以以车车刀刀必必须须含含有有准准确确形形状状而而且且要要安安装装适适当当。所所切切出出螺螺纹纹外外形形是是由由车车刀刀形形状状和和它它与与工工件件相相对对位位置置决决定定。其其次次，车车刀刀纵纵向向进进给给与与工工件件回回转转运运动动含含有有特特定定关关系系，所所以以这这决决定定了了螺螺纹纹导导程程。这这个个条条件件能能够够经经过过采采取取丝丝杠杠和和开开合合机机构构得得到到满满足足，它它们们能能够够实实现现拖拖板板相相对对于于主轴回转运动准确可靠运动。主轴回转运动准确可靠运动。5.2 Turning and Lathe第30页Lathe.Many types of lathes are used for production turning.Accordingtopurposesandconstruction,lathe-typemachinetoolscanbeclassifiedasfollow:1.Enginelathes普通车床普通车床2.Verticallathes立式车床立式车床3.Turretlathes转塔车床转塔车床4.Single-ormultiple-spindleautomaticorsemi-automaticlathes5.Contouringlathes仿形车床仿形车床6.Universallathes万能车床万能车床7.Special-purposelathessuchascrankshaftlathes,camshaftlathes,carwheellathesandbacking-off lathes,etc.5.2 Turning and Lathe第31页Figure 5.1 The engine lathe1234567891011第32页第33页Lathe bedisfoundationoftheenginelathe,whichisheavy,ruggedcastingmadetosupporttheworkingpartsofthelathe.Thesizeand mass of the bed gives the rigidity necessary for accurateengineeringtolerancesrequiredinmanufacturing.Ontopofthebedaremachinedslidewaysthatguideandalignthecarriageandtailstock,astheyaremovefromoneendofthelathetotheother.5.2 Turning and Lathe 床身是普通车床基础，它是由沉重而坚固铸件制作而成，其床身是普通车床基础，它是由沉重而坚固铸件制作而成，其目标是为了支撑车床工作部件。床身尺寸和质量要使车床含有足目标是为了支撑车床工作部件。床身尺寸和质量要使车床含有足够刚性以确保制造过程中取得所需工程公差。床身上导轨能够引够刚性以确保制造过程中取得所需工程公差。床身上导轨能够引导和对准拖板和尾座，使它们能够从车床一端移动到另一端。导和对准拖板和尾座，使它们能够从车床一端移动到另一端。ruggedadj.健壮，坚固健壮，坚固massn.质量质量slideways n.导轨导轨第34页Headstockisclampedatopthebedatleft-handendofthelatheandcontainsthemotorthatdrivesthespindlewhoseaxisisparallel to the guideways through a series of gears housedwithinthegearbox.Thefunctionofgearboxistogenerateanumberofdifferentspindlespeeds.atop adv.在在()顶上顶上 gearbox 齿轮箱齿轮箱5.2 Turning and Lathe 床头箱（主轴箱）紧固在床身上面左端，内装有电机，它床头箱（主轴箱）紧固在床身上面左端，内装有电机，它经过变速箱内一组齿轮来驱动主轴转动，主轴轴线平行于导轨。经过变速箱内一组齿轮来驱动主轴转动，主轴轴线平行于导轨。变速箱功效是能够产生不一样主轴转速。变速箱功效是能够产生不一样主轴转速。第35页Aspindlegearismountedon the rear ofthespindletotransmitpower through the change gears to the feeding box thatdistributesthepowertothelead screwforthreadingortothefeed rodforturning.on the rear of 在在尾部尾部change gears 挂轮挂轮lead screw 丝杠丝杠feed rod 光杠光杠5.2 Turning and Lathe主轴齿轮安装在主轴尾部，经过挂轮把动力传递到进给箱，假如主轴齿轮安装在主轴尾部，经过挂轮把动力传递到进给箱，假如是车螺纹，进给箱将动力分配到丝杠上；假如是车削，就将动力是车螺纹，进给箱将动力分配到丝杠上；假如是车削，就将动力分配到光杠上。分配到光杠上。第36页Thespindlehasathroughholeextendinglengthwisethroughwhichbarstockscanbefedifcontinuousproductionisused.The hole can hold a plain lathe center by its tapered innersurfaceandmountachuck,afaceplateorcolletbyitsthreadedoutersurface.taper n.n.坡度，锥形坡度，锥形 v.v.锥度加工锥度加工collet n.n.夹头夹头5.2 Turning and Lathe主轴有一个纵向通孔，假如连续加工棒料，通孔就用来实现棒料主轴有一个纵向通孔，假如连续加工棒料，通孔就用来实现棒料送料。这个通孔含有一个内锥面，能够安装普通车床中心顶尖。送料。这个通孔含有一个内锥面，能够安装普通车床中心顶尖。主轴外表面车有螺纹，能够安装卡盘，花盘或夹头。主轴外表面车有螺纹，能够安装卡盘，花盘或夹头。第37页第38页Carriage assemblyisactuallyanH-shapedblockthatsitsacrosstheguidewaysandinfrontoflathebed.Thefunctionofthecarriageistocarryandmovethecuttingtoollongitudinally.Itcanbemovedbyhandorbypowerandcanbeclampedintopositionwithalockingnut.Thecarriageiscomposedofthecross slide,compound rest,tool saddle,andapron.5.2 Turning and Lathe拖板组件实际上是一个拖板组件实际上是一个H H形铸件，位于床身前端并横跨在导轨上。形铸件，位于床身前端并横跨在导轨上。拖板功效带动刀具纵向移动，这个能够经过手动或者自动完成。拖板功效带动刀具纵向移动，这个能够经过手动或者自动完成。利用锁紧螺母能够将其卡紧在所需位置。拖板组件由利用锁紧螺母能够将其卡紧在所需位置。拖板组件由横拖板横拖板，小刀架小刀架，刀架鞍板刀架鞍板和和溜板箱溜板箱组成。组成。第39页5.2 Turning and LatheCarriageassembly拖板组件拖板组件cross slide 横拖板横拖板compound rest 小刀架小刀架tool saddle 刀架鞍板刀架鞍板apron 溜板箱溜板箱第40页溜板箱溜板箱 变换箱外手柄位置，在光杠或丝变换箱外手柄位置，在光杠或丝杠传动下，可使车刀按要求方向杠传动下，可使车刀按要求方向作进给运动作进给运动 床鞍床鞍 纵向移动纵向移动 中拖板中拖板横向移动横向移动小拖板小拖板 纵向移动纵向移动 刀架刀架 装夹车刀装夹车刀 第41页第42页The cross slideismountedonthedovetailguidewaysonthetopofthesaddleanditmovedbackandforthat90totheaxisofthelathebythecrossslideleadscrew.Theleadscrewcanbehandorpoweractivated.dovetail 燕尾槽燕尾槽5.2 Turning and Lathe横拖板安装在刀架鞍板上部燕尾槽导轨上。它利用横拖板丝杠于横拖板安装在刀架鞍板上部燕尾槽导轨上。它利用横拖板丝杠于车床轴线成车床轴线成9090度夹角方向上前后移动。丝杠能够手动或者自动驱度夹角方向上前后移动。丝杠能够手动或者自动驱动。动。第43页The compound rest is mounted on the cross slideand can beswiveled andclampedatanyangleinahorizontalplane.Thecompoundistypicallyusedforcuttingchamfersortapers,butmustalsobeusedwhencuttingthread.Thecompoundrestcanonlybefedbyhand.Thereisnopowertocompoundrest.Thecuttingtoolandtoolholderaresecuredinthetoolpostwhichismounteddirectlytothecompoundrest.swivel swvl v.旋转旋转5.2 Turning and Lathe小刀架安装在横拖板上，它能够在水平面内转动或夹紧在任意角小刀架安装在横拖板上，它能够在水平面内转动或夹紧在任意角度位置。小刀架主要用来倒角和加工锥面，在车削螺纹时也必须度位置。小刀架主要用来倒角和加工锥面，在车削螺纹时也必须用到小刀架。小刀架只能手动进给，没有动力传到小刀架上。刀用到小刀架。小刀架只能手动进给，没有动力传到小刀架上。刀具和刀夹被卡紧在直接安装在小刀架上刀座上。具和刀夹被卡紧在直接安装在小刀架上刀座上。第44页The tool saddleisanHshapedcastingmountedonthetopoftheguidewaysandhousesthecrossslideandcompoundrest.Itmakespossiblelongitudinal,crossandangular feedingofthetoolbit.5.2 Turning and Lathe刀架鞍板是一个安装在导轨上部刀架鞍板是一个安装在导轨上部H H形铸件，容纳有横拖板和小形铸件，容纳有横拖板和小刀架。它能够实现刀尖纵向、横向和斜向进给。刀架。它能够实现刀尖纵向、横向和斜向进给。第45页The apronisattachedtothefrontofthecarriageandcontainsthegearsandfeedclutcheswhichtransmitmotionfromthefeedrod
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