你的心理学学习生活.pptx

Prologue:Psychologys RootsPrescientific PsychologyIs the mind connected to the body or distinct?Are ideas inborn or is the mind a blank slate filled by experience?你的心理学学习生活第1页Prologue:Psychologys Roots你的心理学学习生活第2页Prologue:Psychologys RootsPsychological Science Is BornEmpiricismKnowledge comes from experience via the sensesScience flourishes through observation and experiment你的心理学学习生活第3页Prologue:Psychologys RootsWilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Liepzig(c.1879)你的心理学学习生活第4页Prologue:Psychologys RootsStructuralism used introspection(looking in)to explore the elemental structure of the human mind你的心理学学习生活第5页Prologue:Psychologys RootsFunctionalism focused on how behavioral processes function-how they enable organism to adapt,survive,and flourish你的心理学学习生活第6页Prologue:Psychologys RootsPsychological Science DevelopsWundt-German philosopher and physiologistJames-American philosopherPavlov-Russian physiologistFreud-Austrian physicianPiaget-Swiss biologist你的心理学学习生活第7页Prologue:Psychologys RootsFigure 1-British Psychological Society membership你的心理学学习生活第8页Prologue:Psychologys RootsDefinition of PsychologyThe science of behavior(what we do)and mental processes(sensations,perceptions,dreams,thoughts,beliefs,and feelings)你的心理学学习生活第9页Prologue:Contemporary PsychologyPsychologys Big IssuesNature-nurture controversy the relative contribution that genes and experience make to development of psychological traits and behaviors你的心理学学习生活第10页Prologue:Contemporary PsychologyNatural selectionprinciple that those inherited trait variations contributing to survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations你的心理学学习生活第11页Prologue:Contemporary PsychologyPsychologys Perspectives你的心理学学习生活第12页Prologue:Contemporary PsychologyPsychologys PerspectivesA lot depends on your viewpoint你的心理学学习生活第13页Prologue:Contemporary PsychologyPsychologys SubfieldsBasic ResearchBiological psychologists explore the links between brain and mindDevelopmental psychologists study changing abilities from womb to tombCognitive psychologists study how we perceive,think,and solve problems你的心理学学习生活第14页Prologue:Contemporary PsychologyPsychologys SubfieldsBasic ResearchPersonality psychologists investigate our persistent traitsSocial psychologists explore how we view and affect one another你的心理学学习生活第15页Prologue:Contemporary PsychologyPsychologys SubfieldsApplied ResearchIndustrial/organizational psychologists study and advise on behavior in the workplaceClinical psychologists study,assess,and treat people with psychological disorders你的心理学学习生活第16页