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2020部编人教版小升初句型专项训练题.doc

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<p><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_0" style="display: none; line-height: 0px;">‍</span> 部编人教版小升初句型专项训练题 教师导语: 所有句型中,考点最高的是病句,容易出难点的也是病句,所以小升初的同学切记要着重复习巩固病句。 一、缩句 缩句方法点拨: 1、 抓住主干来缩简。抓句子的主干,“谁做什么”或者“什么怎么样”。 如:铁球同时从高处落下来。“什么”——铁球;“怎么样”——落下来。 2、 “地”前限制要删去。“的”前修饰都删去。“得”后补充说明也删去。 如“海力布着急地没办法。”中“没办法”是对“着急”的程度进行补充说明的,它也要删去。这句话缩写为“海力布着急。” 3、 数量词语照样删。 如“罗丹塑了一座女像。”中“一座”这个表示数量的词语可删去。这句话缩写为“罗丹塑了女像。” 4、 删掉“在……中(里、下)”表示特定的条件和环境的词组。 例如:在学习雷锋的活动中,我们取得了进步。  应缩短成:我们取得了进步。 5、 句子中的“不、无、没有”等否定词,缩句时要保留,否则有可能颠倒句子的原意。 如:我在屋里没有找到那个装书的包。 应该缩成:我没有找到包。 6、 句子中谓语后的“着、了、过”和宾语后面的“啊、吗、呀、呢”等语气词要保留。 如:大家一起登上了举世闻名的长城。缩句为:大家登上了长城。 又如:昨天晚上下的这场大雨真是一场及时雨啊!缩句为:这场大雨真是及时雨啊! 练习巩固 1. 这是一部叫人看过之后就不会忘却的影片。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2. 《清明上河图》是我国古代绘画中极其珍贵的代表作品。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3. 山民的几句朴素的话包蕴着意味深长的哲理啊! &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4. 我们像百灵鸟一样在祖国的大花园里放声歌唱。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5. 秦始皇兵马俑吸引了世界各地千百万慕名而来的参观者。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6. 我国体育健儿顽强拼搏的事迹深深地激励着我们。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7.我的脑海里立即浮现出名模镇守扬州英雄英勇牺牲的史可法。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8.著名的刘家峡发电站不仅是整个西北电力网的枢纽和核心,也是黄河流域的著名景观。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 9. 许多中国来游览的外宾,看到詹天佑留下的伟大工程,都赞叹不已。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10.雅鲁藏布大峡谷的发现是我国几代科学家长期艰辛努力的结果。(缩句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 二、 病句※ (一)方法指导 1.成分残缺:句子里缺少了某些必要的成分,意思表达就不完整,不明确。 例如:“为了班集体,做了很多好事。”谁做了许多好事,不明确。 2.用词不当:由于对词义理解不清,就容易在词义范围大小、褒贬等方面用得不当,特别是近义词,关联词用错,造成病句。 例如:“他做事很冷静、武断。”“武断”是贬义词,用得不当,应改为“果断”。 3.词语搭配不当:在句子中某些词语不能相互搭配或者是搭配起来不合事理,造成了病句。包括一些关联词语的使用不当。 例如:“在联欢会上,我们听到悦耳的歌声和优美的舞蹈。”“听到”与“优美的舞蹈”显然不能搭配,应改为“在联欢会上,我们听到悦耳的歌声,看到优美的舞蹈。” 例如:“如果我们生活富裕了,就不应该浪费。” 显然关联词使用错误,应改为“即使我们生活富裕了,也不应该浪费。 ” 4.前后矛盾:在同一个句子中,前后表达的意思自相矛盾,造成了语意不明。 例如:“我估计他这道题目肯定做错了。”前半句估计是不够肯定的意思,而后半句又肯定他错了,便出现了矛盾,到底情况如何呢?使人不清楚。可以改为“我估计他这道题做错了。”或“我断定他这道题做错了。” 5.词序颠倒:一句话里面的词序是固定的,词序变了,颠倒了位置,句子的意思就会发生变化。例如:“语文对我很感兴趣。”“语文”和“我”的位置颠倒了,改为“我对语文很感兴趣。” 6.重复罗嗦:在句子中,所用的词语的意思重复了,显得罗嗦累赘。 例如:“他兴冲冲地跑进教室,兴高采烈地宣布了明天去春游的好消息。”句中“兴冲冲”和“兴高采烈”都是表示他很高兴的样子,可删去其中一个。 7.概念不清:指句子中词语的概念不清,属性不当,范围大小归属混乱。 如“万里长城、故宫博物院和南京长江大桥是中外游客向往的古迹。”这里的“南京长江大桥”不属于“古迹”,归属概念不清,应改为“万里长城、故宫博物院是中外游客向往的古迹。” 8.不合逻辑不合事理:句子中某些词语概念不清,使用错误,或表达的意思不符合事理,也易造成病句。 例如:“稻子成熟了,田野上一片碧绿,一派丰收的景象。”稻子成熟时是一片金黄色,而本句中形容一片碧绿,不合事理。 9.指代不明:指句子中出现多个人或状物时,指代不明确,含混不清。 代词分为人称代词[我、你、他(她、它)、我们……],指示代词[这、那、这里、那儿……]和疑问代词[谁、哪里]三种,指代不明的病句指的是代词使用错误。这类病句主要有二类。一类是一个代词同时代替几个人或物,造成指代混乱。二类指示代词和疑问代词误用。 例如:刘明和陈庆是好朋友,他经常约他去打球。——应将“他经常约他去打球”改为“刘明经常约陈庆去打球”。 (二)病句经典考法: 1、是否多读书,也是提高一个人语文素养的途径之一。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2、 为了防止今后不再发生类似的事件,有关部门进一步完善了生产措施。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3、 长虹电器厂大幅度率先降价销售。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4、 全校同学讨论并听取了王校长关于教育改革的报告。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5、 通过开展“城乡清洁工程”活动,使我市环境卫生状况有了很大变化。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6、 天色已晚,自行车没修好,急坏了。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7、 个别不法网站存在着传播不健康的信息、提供不文明声讯服务等危害社会。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8、 为了发展国民经济,难道我们共产党人还有什么个人得失不能抛弃吗? &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 9、在生活上,恩格斯热烈地帮助马克思。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10、修改下面的段落。 《六一》那天,爸爸妈妈代我去太湖边玩。湖边五颜六色、色色俱全的鲜花正在怒放,让我们赞叹不决。可惜的是太湖污染严重,湖面上飘浮着许多脏物。看到这些,我们的心情很繁重,我想,“如果我们每个人都讲卫生,不乱扔脏物,我们的健康和疾病就有保障了。” 11、下列句子没有语病的一项是( &nbsp; &nbsp; ) A、在海南众多的旅游景点中,内地游客尤其特别喜欢三亚的大东海。 B、琼中女子足球队代表中国参加“哥德堡杯”青年足球锦标赛并夺得冠军。 C、为创建省级规范化学校,前进中学开展了“国学经典诵读”、“书法进校园”。 D、何贤川是海南省评出的六名“海南乡村道德好青年”中年龄最小的获奖者之一。 12、下列句子中没有语病的一项是(&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;) A、在科技大讲堂的活动现场,充满了孩子们求知与探索的热情。 B、目前,“智慧桂林”城市免费WIFI的热点数已逾9000个左右。 C、有些人之所以不断成长,是因为有一种坚持下去的力量。 D、我市将通过实施老城区特色街区改造工程,进一步提升城市面貌。 【思路点拨】这类修改病句的题目题型不一,但都是考察学生对病句的掌握。因此要熟悉病句的各种类型,多练习多积累不同病因,就可取得明显的进步。其中以第三种例题的考法最为多见。 (二)举一反三,病句练习 1. 一进学校,我就看见一座教学楼和一阵阵读书声。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2. 谁也不能否认邓稼先不是一个“鞠躬尽瘁,死而后已”的优秀党员。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3. 我们只要相信自己的能力,才能在各种考验面前充满信心。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4. 看到眼前的毕业照,小新不由得想起三年来大家一起玩耍、同桌共读。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5. 经过六年努力学习,他对自己能否考上理想的初中充满信心。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6. 江心岛的夜晚是人们乘凉的好地方。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7. 这件事很有趣,他讲得津津乐道。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8. 用不干净的脏抹布擦碗,越擦越不干净,越擦越脏,很容易传染多种传染病。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 9. 这学期,我的学习成绩逐步增加了。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10. 那本书因为我只看了一遍,所以内容记得清清楚楚。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 11. 有人主张接受,有人主张反对,他同意这种主张。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 12. 通过开展“城乡清洁工程”活动,使我市环境卫生状况有了很大变化。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 13.我用了整整三天左右的时间才把轮船的模型做好。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 14.这次考试,我们班的普遍成绩提高了。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 15、由于她这样好的成绩,得到了老师和同学们的赞扬。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 16.老师在课堂上给我们介绍岳飞的故事。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 17.我的抽屉里堆满了许多获奖证书。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 18.班会上,小明和小微分别发了言,大家都同意他的说法。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 19.要想把学习抓好,就必须有认真的学习目的。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 20.奥斯特洛夫斯基的《钢铁是怎样炼成的》对于中国青年是不陌生的。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 21.“马踏飞燕”的作者是东汉时期的艺术珍品。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 22.用修改符号修改下面这段话。(共十处错误,其中有两个错别字,三个用错的标点符号) 三年前,我的哥哥十分掏气……看!哥哥书包里的直尺、钢笔、课本、圆 规等文具总是乱七八遭地放在一起。后来,在老师的教育下,哥哥克服了自己 的缺点。在今年的庆“六一”文娱晚会上,哥哥表演的舞蹈和音乐特别精彩, 这天,哥哥还光荣的被评为《成都市优秀少先队员》的称号。爸爸高昂的说: “我们家的春天来了?” 23、下列句子中没有语病的一项是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) &nbsp; A、通过开展经典诵读等活动,让我们从中深切领悟到了传统文化的魅力。 &nbsp; B、磁浮快线连接长沙火车南站和黄花机场两大交通枢纽,长大约18公里左右。 C、四川广元沉船事故导致15人罹难,为了避免沉船事故不再发生,有关部门强化了安全管理措施。 &nbsp; D、为实施“天蓝”“地绿”“水净”三年行动计划,娄底市积极推进涟水河、孙水河综合治理工作。 24、下列句子中没有语病的一项是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) &nbsp; A、张家界天门山中学采取了丰富多彩的读书活动,激发学生们的阅读热情。 &nbsp; B、在教育部公示的《通用规范汉字表》中,对44个汉字的字形进行了微调 &nbsp; C、拓展性课程从培养孩子兴趣与特长作为出发点,为学生创造个性发展的平台。 &nbsp; D、央视举办的“汉字听写大赛”,使人们重拾汉字之美,越发珍惜纸质时代的美好。 三、肯定句与双重否定句 (一)方法指导 肯定句改为双重否定句:则要在关键词前加上两个连用的否定词。如“没有……不”、“不得不”、“不……不”、“不能不”、“不是不”、“不会不”、“不要不”、“没有一个不”、“非……不可”、 “不能否认”等。 1. 表示判断 。“是”用“谁也不能否认”。  例:周总理是我们的好总理。  双重否定句:谁也不能否认周总理是我们的好总理。 2. 表示非常肯定。 “一定” “必须”改为“非……不可” “不能不” 。   例:离毕业还有一个月时间,我们必须得加倍努力学习。   双重否定句:离毕业还有一个月时间,我们非得加倍努力学习不可。 3. 表示不情愿、不得已。 “只能” “只好” “只得”用 “不得不”。  例:楚王只好尊重晏子了。  双重否定句:楚王不得不尊重晏子了。 4. 表示全部。“全” “全都” “全部”用 “没有……不” “无不”等。  例:我班被评为先进集体,全班同学都感到自豪。  双重否定句:我班被评为先进集体,全班同学无不感到自豪。 5. 表示推测。“会” “可能” “能” “应该”用 “不可能不” “不会不” 例:今天他可能会来。  双重否定句:今天他不可能不会来。 (二)综合练习  1.他不是个坏学生。(改为肯定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2.书店里的书很多。(改为否定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.你不是不知道这件事有多重要。(改为肯定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4.作为一名少先队员,难道不应该讲文明吗?(改为肯定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5、要在两年以内建成一座大桥,不是容易的事情。(改为肯定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6、香港回归伟大的祖国,我们感到无比自豪。(改为双重否定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7、独脚海鸥只有一只脚,停落时得扇动翅膀保持平衡。(改为双重否定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8、怀特先生说我们记载在笔记本上的全部都是错误的信息。(改为双重否定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 四、直述句与转述句 1、 “工作太多了。”妈妈说,“我明天还要去开会。”(改为转述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2、 叔叔在信里对我说:“有时间我一定到你那儿玩。”(改为转述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3、 妈妈对小宁说:“昨天你到哪儿去了,我找了你一整天。”(改为转述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4、 武松听了,挥挥手,对他说:“你只管上酒,否则,我可不饶你。”(改为转述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5、 王老师对小华说,她把小华的书包缝好了。(改为直述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6、 李老师兴奋地对同学们说,他们班战胜了四(2)班,获得了冠军。(改为直述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7、蔺相如说,秦王若有诚意换璧,他就把那块璧交给秦王。(改为直述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8、妈妈对我说,那里有很多神奇的植物,她都叫不出名,她一定让我去看看。(改为直述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 五、句子排序 (1) ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)一次,富兰克林买到一本《旁观者》的刊物,便边读边把几篇文章的大意摘录下来。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)接着,就把自己写的与原文比较,发现自己的缺点,就把它改正过来。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)几年以后,他模拟原文的风格,写出了一篇篇文章。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)这样下来,他不仅掌握了作者的观点,取到了“真经”,而且学习了作者的思维方法,锻炼了自己的创造力。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)“不动笔墨不读书”是强化记忆、训练思维的好方法。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)美国科学家富兰克林的成功就是由此开始的。 (2) ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)鸡尾,是盛产哈密瓜的新疆。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)你看,她多像我们祖国960万平方公里的版图啊。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)鸡头,是物产丰富的东北三省。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)鸡背,是一碧千里的内蒙古草原。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)我有一张鸡年的邮票。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)鸡腹,密布着许多海港和名城。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)雄鸡的心脏,正是我们祖国的首都——北京。 (3) ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)它们在美好的春光里,多么欢乐啊! ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)小草偷偷地从地里钻出来。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)到处是生机勃勃的景象。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)大地披上了绿色的新装。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)小鸟在枝头唱歌,蝴蝶在花间飞舞。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)春风送暖,冰雪消融。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)柳树发芽,果树开花,明媚的阳光普照山河。 (4) ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)舞台前的座位足足可坐两千多人。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)大厅两旁是喷水池和假山,喷泉把假山洗得一尘不染。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)剧场前面正中是一个可容二百多人的舞台。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)我们顺着剧场翠绿色的铁栏杆走到剧场大门前。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)穿过大厅再走进去便是剧场。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)走进大门,是一个宽敞的大厅,天花板和地板都亮得照出人影。 ( &nbsp; &nbsp;)剧场的门口有好些台阶,还有四根三个人都合抱不住的大柱子。 5、填入下面文字中横线上的句子,与上下文衔接最恰当的一项是( &nbsp; &nbsp; ) &nbsp; &nbsp;农村的街道像一些遗弃的绳子, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ,永远不会有人想起来把它弄直;河流始终妄图躲开人类, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ;树林说淡青的,它们已由自然繁殖生长改为人工种植, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 ①被随便地扔在田野上 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ②把它随便地扔在田野上。 ③村庄却总是在某个拐弯处踩住它 &nbsp; &nbsp; ④却总是在某个拐弯处被村庄踩住 ⑤这些本已归顺人类的植物不再能藏匿住在任何一个童话了 ⑥任何一个童话也不能藏匿在这些归顺人类的植物中了 A、②④⑥ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B、②③⑤ &nbsp; &nbsp; C、①③⑥ &nbsp; &nbsp;D、①④⑤ 6、在下面语段空白处依次填入两个句子,排序正确的一项是( &nbsp; &nbsp; ) 前几日到乡下看望年迈的父母,赶至老家的村外时,已是黄昏时分了。未进村子,便远远望见村落上空懒散飘荡的炊烟,浓重的, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;;清淡的, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。它们萦绕在村子上空,萦绕在茂密却又稀疏的树冠之间。 ①如浣纱姑娘信手放飞的白纱 &nbsp; &nbsp;②如天边姿态万千的晚霞 ③仿佛山间缓缓流淌的河流 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;④似丹青妙手随意泼洒的水墨 A、④① &nbsp; &nbsp;B、②③ &nbsp; &nbsp; C、②① &nbsp; &nbsp;D、④③ 7、依次填入横线的句子排列正确的一项是 ( &nbsp; &nbsp; ) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;这是一片冲淘过的秋天,这是一条栉沐过的山谷,这是一处返璞归真的休闲去处。你要住在溪边, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ;要住在崖下, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;;你要住在林间, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;;你要住在村头, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;;……这就是休闲山庄了。 &nbsp; ①可听月下虫鸣夜鸟梦 &nbsp; &nbsp; ②可观石上生云 &nbsp; ③可看水中腾雾 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ④田园牧歌便不再是画上风景 A、②③④① &nbsp; &nbsp; B、②③①④ &nbsp; &nbsp; C、①②③④ &nbsp; &nbsp; D、③②①④ &nbsp; 六、综合练习,按要求作答 1、李刚垂头丧气地对老师说:“我辜负了您的希望,您再给我一次机会吧!”(改为转述句)_____________________________________________________________________ 2、妈妈对小明说:“你的作业要尽快完成,明天我要带你去学钢琴。”(改为转述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3、 黄继光对指导员说:“请把任务交给我。”(改为第三人称转述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4、渔夫问桑娜:“我不在,你在家里做些什么呢?”(改为转述句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5、这次比赛的结果,同学们都很满意。(改为双重否定句) _____________________________________________________________________ 6、我知道这件事非常重要,只是实在没有时间来处理。(改为双重否定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7、在共产党面前,什么困难都能克服。(改为双重否定句) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8、它们中的一些种类可能为了躲避敌害或寻找食物而转移到树上生存。(缩句) _____________________________________________________________________ 9、赵州桥高超的技术水平和不朽的艺术价值,充分展示了我国劳动人民的智慧和力量。(缩句) _____________________________________________________________________10、受惊吓的刺猬在镇外的葡萄园里像个刺儿球一样紧紧缩成一团。(缩句)_____________________________________________________________________ 阅读下面的材料,根据要求写作。 为了引导同学们做好人生规划,明确大学求学方向,某高中“追梦”社团举行了一次以“我心中的高校”为主题的畅想会。会上,下面几所高校的校训引起大家的关注: 南开大学:允公允能,日新月异 湖南大学:实事求是,敢为人先 山东大学:气有浩然,学无止境 南京大学:诚朴雄伟,励学敦行 集美大学:诚以待人,毅以处事 南昌大学:格物致新,厚德泽人 请从中选择两三则校训,写一篇文章,向知心朋友谈谈你的人生规划和价值追求。 要求:选好校训,使之形成有机的关联;选好角度,明确文体;自拟标题;不要套作,不得抄袭;不少于800字。 【答案】实事求是,不做假账 说到我的大学梦,我想考国家会计学院,志愿是想当一个优秀的会计师。可是当一个优秀的会计师谈何容易。我想首先要做到不做假账。当今社会,不知从什么时候起,做假账已经成了一个公开的秘密。收支不对称了,做假账;花了不该花的,做假账;报了不该报销的,做假账;没有完成任务指标的,做假账……总之,“账”是为人服务的,会计是听领导指挥的,为了“工作需要”,为了“大局”,什么样的“账”都可以做出来。 当年总理视察上海国家会计学院时,曾亲笔为该校题写了校训:不做假账。真是不题则已,一题惊人。“不做假账”它是会计职业道德,是对会计工作者最基本的要求。即使是不做会计的人也知道,做账理应真实,客观,不能做假,更何况是国家会计学院的高材生?“不做假账”或“如实记账”之类的基本常识,就像“1+1=2”一样不必在大学课堂上提起。 不禁想起中国人民大学的校训 “实事求是”来,“实事求是”一词出于《汉书河间献王刘德》,文中说刘德“修古好学,实事求是”。后来唐代学者颜师古将“实事求是”一词解释为“务得事务,每求真是也”,即把它引申为一种值得提倡的务实求真的学风。毛泽东曾在《改造该们的学习》中作过这样的论述:“‘实事’,就是客观存在的一些事物,‘是’,就是客观事物的内部联系,即规律性,‘求’,就是大家去研究。” 我想作为大学生,人生价值观变化与时俱进表现在价值认识、价值目标、价值实现途径和价值评定方式等方面 ,其根本原因是时代变化的影响。时代要求当代大学生多做贡献,确立崇高的人生价值目标,与时俱进。为了适应时代的要求和社会的需要,我们必须做到实事求是,与时俱进,调整好心态,想清楚自己来到大学校园的目的是什么,那就是用知识武装自己的大脑,使自己成为一名合格的祖国建设者和对社会、家人有用的人。所以我立志做一个不做假账,实事求是的会计师。 不做假账。四个字,既是专业要求,也是道德要求,更是法律要求。我们上大学不是为了向家人和社会来索取和享乐,而是为了我们每个人自己的将来而来奋斗的,我们要用大学里的书本来丰富我们的人生,用智慧的大脑来体现我们的人生价值观。我们大学生应该做到实事求是,要敢于面对现实、面对自己。我们现在要认认真真的做好自己的本职,摆正自己的位置,我们是大学生,我们该做什么,相信每一位同学的心里都很明白。注重自身素质的修养锻炼,坚持实事求是的思想路线,既需要有排除客观阻力的胆略和气魄,更需要有战胜主观上私心杂念的力量源泉。 其身正,不令而行;其身不正,虽令不行。为了成为一名合格的社会人才,我们必须坚持实事求是,不做假账。 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查写作能力。这是一道任务驱动型材料作文,任务驱动型作文要求明确,往往限定了写作范围和对象,暗示了文体——议论文。但任务驱动型作文也有一定的开放性,具体到每位考生又必须明确,应该选择自己赞成或社会主流价值观认同有观点,选择自己有素材积累、和感触的观点来写。本篇作文立意时,抓住材料内容,筛选立意关键句“请从中选择两三则校训,使之形成有机的关联”“向知心朋友谈谈你的人生规划和价值追求” 。首先筛选校训,然后找到其中关联,然后以和朋友谈心的方式,阐述自己的人生规划和价值追求。材料中的六个校训,“气有浩然,学无止境”“自强不息,厚德载物”“厚德博学,敬业乐群”共同点是“努力”和“高尚的德行”;“实事求是”“求是创新”“不做假账”共同点都是“求实”;“敬业乐群”“不做假账”共同点都是“敬业”。考生可以自由选择,从“人生规划和价值追求”角度找共同点立意。 参考立意: 1、努力奋斗,既要自强,又要厚德 2、严谨求实,方能站稳人生的脚跟 3、爱岗敬业,打造人生基石 4、端正价值观,沧海横流,方显英雄本色 可用素材 1、“人总是为了寻找生命的光,而踏上漫漫长路。”而我愿于人生汹涌江河之间,以德与正气为船,以自强求学为帆,跃然江河。寻那红日初升,光芒喷涌,浩然正气;寻那桃花灼灼,落英夹岸。这人生必也是优美恬静,芳香醉人。 2、厚德为骨,自强为风,风骨之间,方显人生本色。正如中国科学家摇篮清华大学“自强不息,厚德载物”的殷殷教诲,正如深植齐鲁大地文明沃土的山东大学“气有造然,学无止境”的润物无声,它们皆以长着的淳朴厚重晓谕你我,人生之树,道德正气为根,方有风 月难摧。 3、君子曰:&quot;学不可以已。&quot;学习是人生最重要的事情之一。龙应台曾说:&quot;我们能说水中的浮萍是漂泊的,但我们不能说水中的鱼是漂泊的。&quot;因为一条鱼是有思想的,而学习,能让我们拥有独立思考的能力,也唯有学习,能让我们登上更高的平台,更完美地规划人生。 4、实事求是是成功之路上不可缺少的价值追求之一。无论一个人有多么聪慧的头脑,若想成功,定需实事求是。王羲之的行书众人皆知,笔若游龙,行云流水。他的书法成就并非一日而蹴,而是幼年时的不断练习,一笔一划,实事求是,才能有所成就。古至今日,每个练得一手好字的人的辛勤都融于笔墨纸砚。一笔一画落到实处,做学问何尝不是这样?三年时光,实事求是也成了我的人生规划,一步一步踏实进发,终能化作块块基石,铺垫追梦之路。高中三年乃至往后余生,在事业学习上都砥砺奋进。 参考结构: 开头说自己的梦想是当会计,接着反思当前社会“做假账”的不正常现象。接着用总理在上海国家会计学院的题名“不做假帐”引出观点,并简单分析,这是一个会计应有的基本道德。引出中国人民大学的校训 “实事求是”,分析“实事求是”一词的由来,引用毛主席在《改造我们的学习》中的话加以证明。接着分析大学生的时代使命,树立“不做假帐”的志向。再次阐述“不做假帐”对当代大学生的意义。最后重申观点:实事求是,不做假账。 点睛:材料作文的审题:第一步,读懂材料,抓住主旨。首先要注意材料的特点:单则材料要从整体上把握其主旨;多则材料应弄清它们的异同,从而把握中心;比喻性材料要理解其比喻意义;含哲理性寓言材料,要把握其寓意。第二步,选择角度,准确</p>
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