中考作文写作讲解.doc

中考作文写作讲解作文1.朋友情深，友谊无价。在与朋友交往的过程中，你认为什么是最重要的？是以诚相待、彼此信任，还是？目前，你校校刊正在就此话题开展征文活动，请你结合自己的经历，写一篇英语短文，谈谈看法。内容提示：（1）What is the most important about friendship? （2）Share your experience.要求：（1）中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范； （2）文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； （3）词数80左右。2.假期中，我们有时间做与学校学习生活不同的很多事情，如旅游、干家务、做义工、参加夏（冬）令营请你根据以往的假期生活经历，用英语写一篇短文，跟同学们分享你在假期做过的一件事情及体会。 内容提示：（1）讲述你在假期里做过的一件事情； （2）谈谈你做这件事情的体会。 要求：（1）中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范； （2）文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； （3）词数80词左右。写作思路与技巧： “三段四步法”（1） “三段”（三个段落）：针对的阅卷老师先看文章结构和内容要点，让阅卷老师不得不给你定位一类文。中考作文，无论是那种文体，都可以用三段法来表示。顾名思义，就是无论是记叙文、还是议论文、或者夹叙夹议文章，都可以通用。简单解释如下：第一段：开篇背景介绍（时间、地点、人物、事件），发表观点，提出要讨论的问题，现象等。第二段：故事发展论据、论点支撑第三段：结局总结观点（如果题目要点就是三个内容层次的话，可以按照题目要点的划分写成三段）（2）“四步”有了框架就相当于有了骨骼，而真正的血肉要靠四个步骤来实现。步骤一：审题审题的训练对于每个学生都不陌生，审题一定要做到五个方面：一审主题（写什么），二审体裁，三审时态，四审人称，五审内容要点步骤二：打草稿中考一定要打草稿，两大优势中考不准在试卷更改，而中考时落笔错误是难免的，涂改就会后卷面分，打草稿就可以避免这个情况了。正式写作是对草稿的在梳理，语言的再锤炼。（在时间允许的情况下打草稿）步骤三：正文写作做到两点，一要凝练，二要变化。文章80100字为宜，注意使用过渡词、从句、句型和词组搭配。步骤四：检查：很多学生考试都会检查，但总是不能找到自己的错误。原因很简单，方法不对：英语写作检查的原则：（1）内容要点：缺少一个内容要点，文章直接降到第三档（2）语法错误：动词三单形式，时态，语态，单复数，主谓一致，冠词等（3）变换句式：过于简单的结构要试着变化，从句，固定句型的正确使用。 (4) 拼写：单词的拼写、大小写和标点符号，卷面的整洁。初中常用时态：一般现在时： 主+谓+表、宾语+其他一般过去时：主+谓（过去时）正在进行时： be+Ving一般将来时： will + do(动词原型）过去进行时： was/were + Ving现在完成时：has/have +done(动词过去分词）常用连词。表示并列的连词： and , besides, whats more, bothand. neither nor表示转折关系： but, while, only, or, however, though表示因果关系： for, because, then, so表示观点： think, in ones opinion,列举：for example, such as , like罗列层次： First, then, next, second, thirdon the other hand (另一方面）注:在议论文的具体写作中要注意下列几点： （1）议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水。 （2）议论时可以采用不同的方法。如：可以摆出正反两方面观点，进行对比；也可引经据典论证作者自己观点的正确性，从而使读者接受自己的观点；亦可提出一种错误的观点然后论证其错误，最终提出正确的观点。正文部分是写作的重点，论证方法可用归纳法、推理法、比较法等。 （3）在结论部分必须表明作者的观点，对讨论的问题做出总结。 （4）注意连接词和过渡词等词语的使用，以增强文章的条理性和逻辑性。4、书面表达常用的过渡语，句型和结构：常用过渡语1.表起始的过渡语:first of all, to begin with, in my opinion, according to, so far, as far as2.表时间的过渡语:first, at first, then, later, in the end, finally, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, as soon as, soon, finally3.表空间的过渡语:on the right/left, on one side of on the other side of, at the foot/top/end of, in the middle/centre of, next to, far from, in front of4.表因果的过渡语:for, because of, one reason is that another reason is that, thus, so, as a result (of)5.表转折的过渡语:but, yet, however, after all, in fact, while,instead of, although, otherwise, after all 6.表列举的过渡语:for example, such as, that is, like, as follows, in other words, and so on7.表推进的过渡语:whats more, on one hand on the other hand, in other words, not onlybut also, besides8.表总结的过渡语:in short, in a word, in general, in brief, in all, on the whole常用句型1. 重点句型1). Its adj for sb to do 做对某人来说2). so that 如此 以至于 too to do 太 而不能 such that 如此 以至于3). notuntil 直到才例: I didnt go to bed until my mother came back.4).The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子 的原因是The reason why he got angry was that she told him a lie. ( 他生气的原因是她对他说了谎。)5). That is why + 句子 那是的原因6). That is because + 句子 那是因为7). It is said that + 句子 据说It is reported that + 句子 据报道8). There is no doubt that + 句子 毫无疑问9). It goes without saying that + 句子 不言而喻，毫无疑问10). There is no need to do没必要做11). There is no point in doing 做某事毫无意义2. 提建议had better (not) do 最好(不)做how about / what about doing 怎么样?I think you should do 我认为你应该I suggest that you should do 我建议你做If I were you, I would do我要是你的话，我会做Its best to do 最好做Why not do / why dont you do? 为什么不3. 表示喜欢和感兴趣like / love doingenjoy doingbe fond of doing 喜欢做prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做Bbe interested in doing = show/ take great interest in n / doing 感兴趣4. 努力做try to do努力做try ones best to do= do ones best to do 竭尽全力做make efforts to do = make every effort to do 尽力做do what / everything sb. can to do 尽某人全力做5. 打算做 / 计划做intend / plan to do 打算做be going to do 打算/计划做decide to do 决定做determine to do决定做be determined to do决定做make up ones mind to do下定决心做6. 表示想/希望want to do = would like to do 想做 hope to do 希望做 expect to do 期待着做wish to do 希望做 consider doing 考虑做7. 只加doing 作宾语的动词finish 完成/ practice 练习 / suggest建议 / consider 考虑 / mind 介意 / enjoy 喜欢doing8. 固定搭配look forward to doing 盼望做 keep on doing 坚持做 dream of doing 梦想做cant help doing 情不自禁地做 keep / stop / prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做be busy (in ) doing be busy with + 名词 忙于做spend time / money (in )doing spend time / money on + 名词 花费时间做have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself doing 玩得开心have trouble / have problem / have difficulty (in) doing 或 with + 名词 做有困难中考英语作文高分必备万能句1.不用说 It goes without saying that =(It is) needless to say (that) 活学活用：不用说早睡对我们有好处。 2.在各种之中， Among various kinds of ， = Of all the ， 活学活用：在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。 3.就我的看法;我认为In my opinion, = To my mind, = As far as I am concerned, 活学活用：就我的看法玩电脑游戏既花费时间也有害健康。 4.随着人口的增加 With the increase/growth of the population, 随着科技的进步 With the advance of science and technology, 活学活用：随着中国经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。 5. 是必要的It is necessary (for sb.) to do / that 是重要的It is important/essential (for sb.) to do / that 是适当的It is proper (for sb.) to do / that 是紧急的It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that 活学活用：我们应当保持公共场所清洁。 6.花费spend on sth. / doing sth. 活学活用：我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。 7. how引导的感叹句活学活用：那至少可以证明你很诚实。 8.状语从句A)如果你不，你就会 If you dont ， youll 活学活用：如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。 B)如此，以至于 so that 活学活用：当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。 9.宾语从句我认为， / 我认为不I think / I dont think that 我想知道是否 I wonder whether 活学活用：他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。 答案：He doesnt think I should stop him joining the club.10. Since + S + 过去式， S +现在完成式。活学活用：自从他上高中，他就一直很用功 常见题型结构： 1、对比观点题型(1) 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1. 有一些人认为2. 另一些人认为3. 我的看法The topic of _(主题)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of _(支持A的理由一)What is more, _理由二). Moreover, _(理由三).While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,_(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),_(理由二). Thirdly (finally),_(理由三).From my point of view, I think _(我的观点). The reason is that _(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .(2) 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点Some people believe that _(观点一). For example, they think _(举例说明).And it will bring them _(为他们带来的好处).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,_(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, _(反对的理由之二).Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that _(我对文章所讨论主题的看法).2、问题解决题型1. 问题现状2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face the problem_（问题A）, which is becoming more and more serious. First, _ (说明A的现状).Second, _ (举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, _ (解决方法一). For another _ (解决方法二). Finally, _ (解决方法三).Personally, I believe that _ (我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because_ (带来的好处).3、说明利弊题型这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)1. 说明事物现状2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法Nowadays many people prefer _A_. Because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First _ (A的优点之一). Besides_ (A的优点之二).But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that _ (A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse, _ (A的第二个缺点).Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to _ (我的看法).From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, _ (对前景的预测)2.评分档次和标准： 第一档：1315分。要求：内容涵盖所有的要点，表达准确，意思连贯，符合逻辑，只有个别语言错误 第二档：1012分。要求：内容涵盖所有的要点，表达清楚，意思连贯，符合逻辑，但有少数语言错误。 第三档：89分。要求：内容涵盖大部分要点，表达较为清楚、连贯， 符合逻辑，但有一定语言错误。第四档：57分，要求： 内容涵盖部分要点，能写出少量正确句子，但整体 表达不太连贯，且语言错 误较多。 第五档：04分。只能写出一些单词，不成句子， 缺乏逻辑性，错误很多。8个话题作文1.关于学习英语的话题: “How to learn English well?” 2.卫生健康饮食: 3.“初三学生要不要参加体育锻炼”。 4.环境问题 5.关于“人口问题 POPULATION ”6.关于中学生使用手机的优缺点,谈谈你的看法7.介绍自己的兴趣业余爱好。8.春节习俗与计划,如何过2009年的春节。一.环保 1.Itsourdutytoprotectourenvironment。 2.Itisveryimportanttotakecareofourenvironment 3.Weshouldnotthrowlitterontotheground 4.Weshouldnotspitinapublicplace/cutdownthetrees 5.Weshouldplantmoreflowersandtrees。 6.Wemustpickupsomerubbishandthrowitintoadustbin 7.Ifeveryonemakescontributionstoprotectingtheenvironment, theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful。 二、旅游 1.LastSunday(Saturday,),itwassunny(rainy,windy,foggy,) 2.Igotupveryearly(late).AfterbreakfastIwenttowithmyfriendsbybike,bus， 3.Weenjoyedourselves. 4.Weforgotthetime.Wedidntcomebackuntil5oclock。 5.Weallfeltverytired,butwewerehappy. 6.IthoughtIwouldneverforgetthistrip. 7.Lastsummer,myparentsandIwenttoBeijingforourholidays。 8.Wevisitedalotofplacesofinterest. 9.Wehadagoodtimethere. 10.Weboughtalotofthings.Theclothesherearegoodandcheap. 三、比赛 1.LastSunday,ClassOnehadafootballmatchwithClassTwo. 2.Allofuswenttowatchit. 3.Thematchwasveryexciting. 4.Infact,Ihaveneverseensuchanexcitingmatchbefore。 5.Thescorewas5-3.Ourteamscoredthreegoalsinthelastfifteenminutes. 6.ClassOnewonthismatch.ClassTwolost. 7.ClassOneplayedwell.Theydeservedtowin。 8.TheirPEteacherwasverypleasedwiththeirperformance. 四、健康 1.Itisveryimportanttokeephealthy. 2.Howcanwekeephealthy? 3.Wecantgotosleeptoolate.Wecantgetuptoolate。 4.Weshouldeatthefoodhealthily. 5.Weshoulddomoreexercise. 6.LastTuesdayIgotacoldandhadapaininmyhead。 7.Ididntfeellikeeatinganything.8.Idecidedtoseethedoctor. 9.Inthedoctorsoffice,thedoctorlooksovermecarefully. 10.Hesaid:Nothingserious.Andhetoldmetotakearest anddrinkmorewater. 11.Anursegavemeaninjection.Itwasalittlepainful. 12.Thedoctoraskedmetotakethemedicinethreetimesaday. 13.Afewdayslater,Ifeltbetter.FromthenonIbelievethatkeepinghealthyisthemostimportantthingintheworld. 五、学科 1.MyfavoritesubjectisEnglish。 2.MorethanthreequartersoftheinformationontheInternetisinEnglish.3.Itisusedbytravelersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld. 4.ChinahasjoinedtheWTOandtheOlympicGameswillbeheldinChina.Englishbecomesmoreandmoreuseful.5.SoEnglishisveryimportantandIlikeEnglishverymuch。 6.WehavealotoffunintheEnglishclass.7.OurEnglishteacheroftenmakesushappyinthe Englishclass. 8.IhopeIcangoabroadoneday,andthenIcanspeak toforeignersinEnglish。 9.IlikeEnglishandtrymybesttolearnit. 六、节日 1.InChinathemostimportantholidayistheSpringFestival. 2.ItcomesinJanuaryorFebruary. 3.OntheSpringFestivalEvepeoplehaveabigdinner. Theyhavealotofnicefoodtoeat. 4.DuringtheSpringFestivalpeoplehavealotofinterestingthingstodo. 5.Peoplevisittheirrelativesandfriends.。 6.Theygreeteachotherwithahugandsay,HappyNewYear“. 7.AsChinaisabigcountry,peopleindifferentplacescelebrate thisholiday indifferentways. 七、写人 1.HisnameisJack. 2.HewasborninLondonin1982. 3.Heis1.68meterstallandweighs52kilos. 4.Heis20yearsold. 5.HecomesfromEngland. 6.Heisagoodping-pongplayer. 7.Heismediumbuild. 8.Hehasshorthair. 9.Heisoutgoing.Everyonelikestotalkwithhim.Hegetson wellwithus. 10.HeteachesEnglishverywell. 11.Heworksveryhard.HeworksinNo.5MiddleSchool. 12.Heloveswatchingfootballgamesafterwork. 13.HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish. 14.Attheageofsix,hebegantoplaytabletennis.二、英语书面表达专项训练2手机在生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多中学生沉迷于手机无法自拔，比如你的好友Miller.请根据以下提示点写一篇短文：1. 去年，Miller对手机游戏非常入迷，而且花大量时间用手机聊天看电影；2. Miller与家人和朋友交流甚少，离开手机会很焦虑；3. 昨天还因为走路看手机被自行车撞了，膝盖受伤；4. 你的建议参考词汇：mobile games手机游戏anxious焦虑be crazy about对入迷要求：1字数80-100个2开头已经给出不计入总词数3要点齐全，行为连贯，适当发挥Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year, My friend Miller was 【答案】Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year，My friend Miller was crazy about mobile games as well. He spent too much time in chatting and watching films on the phone. Miller hardly talked with his family and friends. He lived in his own world. He felt very anxious without mobile phones. Yesterday he was hit by a bike, because he was watching his phone at that moment. As a result, he hurt his knees badly.In my opinion, I think we cant use the mobile phones for a long time, I mean, no more than half an hour a day. Dont take mobile phones to school. A mobile phone is just a kind of tool, not our whole life.【解析】【详解】这是一篇给材料作文。首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；再紧扣要点，动笔写作，可适当发挥。在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正