中考英语常见动词短语词义辨的几种方法含答案.doc

中考英语常见动词短语词义辨的几种方法含答案
一、选择题
1．The director of Up series passed away, and the workmates are thinking about whether the documentary can ________ without him.
A．carry on B．carry out C．take on D．take out
2．I’ve had some difficulties, but they were nothing compared _____ yours.
A．to B．of C．for D．from
3．Sometimes results will just ________ opposite of our wish. We need to accept them anyway.
A．carry out B．break out C．run out D．turn out
4．The baby is sleeping. Would you please ________?
A．turned the radio on B．turn the radio down
C．turned the radio off D．turn the radio up
5．Do you think it is necessary to ________ a special home for the elderly with life difficulties.
A．set out B．set up C．set down D．set off
6．－Oh,my God! I have ________ five pounds!
－No worries. It’s normal for a growing teenage girl.
A．put up B．put down C．put on D．put off
7．—I’m sorry to ________ on you, but there is something I don’t understand.
—It doesn’t matter.
A．cut down B．cut out C．cut in D．cut off
8．The meeting was supposed to ________ on Tuesday, but we’ve had to put it off.
A．turn on B．turn out C．take place D．take up
9．The workers ________ a sign to warn people of the danger here.
A．put out B．put in C．put up D．put on
10．Daniel is the most modest boy in our class, because he never ________ in public.
A．gets off B．takes off C．shows off D．turns off
11．—Excuse me, sir, but smoking is not allowed in hospital.
—Sorry, I didn’t see the sign. I’ll _______ my cigarette.
A．put in B．put up C．put out D．put on
12．Scientists need to ________ several surveys before making a conclusion.
A．give up B．carry out C．hear of D．look for
13．—How terrible the disaster is! Many people lose their homes and most of them are badly hurt.
—I’m sure things are going to ________ fine because the soldiers, the most lovely people, are trying to help them.
A．find out B．turn out C．run out D．put out
14．When you are given a difficult task, try to ________ it and finish it.
A．join in B．stick with C．search for D．think of
15．—Many students don’t know how to ________ stress and become worried.
—I think they’d better ask their teachers for help.
A．argue with B．come up with C．deal with
16．He used to ________ with his friends and watch movies in the cinema.
A．stay up B．wake up C．come up D．make up
17．—I ________ reading English every morning.
—Yes, English is very important and it ________ the first language in England and some other countries.
A．used to; is used by B．used to; is used as
C．am used to; is used as D．am used to; is used by
18．—Aunt Lexie, could you please teach me how to _________ "red envelope" on WeChat?
—Certainly. It goes like this.
A．give away B．give up C．give back D．give out
19．He always ________ his friends about everything. In fact, he has no thoughts of his own.
A．talks with B．plays with
C．deals with D．agrees with
20．— Hi, Simon! You look so excited. What happened?
—We won the football match, and the result ________ to be better than expected.
A．turned out B．found out C．worked out D．came out
21．My father always tells me to ________ any possible challenge myself instead of giving up easily!
A．take away B．take off C．take up D．take on
22．—All right, I’ll take it. But I tell you, it is the last time I will _________ this kind of work
—Come on, Buddy! Don’t be so serious.
A．take off B．take out C．take on D．take up
23．Would you please ____________ the light? I can't sleep well with it on.
A．turn on B．turn off C．turn to D．turn around
24．You’d better________all the questions before having the test.
A．look after B．look at C．look out D．look through
25．Make sure that you have prepared everything well before you ________ the plan.
A．carry out B．break out C．turn out D．put out
26．As a volunteer, he often goes to the hospital to ________ the sick.
A．cheer for B．help for C．put up D．cheer up
27．We should ________ the job bravely instead of complaining too much. It’s our duty!
A．take away B．take up C．take on D．take off
28．The rain has stopped. Why not ________ the raincoat?
A．take away B．pass away C．put away D．put off
29．My father is crazy about DIY. He’s trying to ________ a cupboard in the kitchen.
A．put up B．put in C．put on D．put away
30．—Hello, this is Taicang Middle School.
—I want to talk to Mr. Chen. Can you ________ me ________?
A．put…in B．put…out C．put…through D．put…up
31．Bob is busy taking the desks and chairs away because they ___________ too much room in the hall.
A．pick up B．take up C．put up D．cheer up
32．Daniel, stop playing computer games, please! It has ________ your free time too much.
A．turned up B．picked up C．put up D．taken up
33．—Where is Jack? His mother is looking for him.
—Oh, he is _________ leaflets there to make people know more about UNICEF.
A．putting out B．putting in C．handing out D．handing in
34．—Why did Linda come to China?
—To experience Chinese culture and ________ the most suitable university to attend.
A．turn out B．put out C．run out D．find out
35．What a pity! The weather ________ to be rainy. We had to cancel the sports meeting.
A．ran out B．broke out C．found out D．turned out
36．The person who ________ a new idea of how to work out the puzzle will be given a（n） ________.
A．keeps up with; praise B．comes up with; prize C．ends up with; price D．puts up with; award
37．—The Civil Code (民法典) ________ to be a big success and it is a milestone in our country legal science.
—I can’t agree more.
A．turns out B．puts out C．takes out D．breaks out
38．—What should I do when an earthquake happens, Dad?
—First of all, it’s important to ________ and hide yourself in the corners of the room.
A．fall down B．calm down C．come down D．get down
39．—Who is the best basketball player in your class?
—Daniel. And he takes any chance to ________ his sports skills to girls.
A．take off B．turn off C．fall off D．show off
40．Children’s Day is on the way. Many shops have ________ huge posters with the word “SALE”.
A．put on B．put in C．put away D．put up
【参考答案】
一、选择题
1．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：Up系列的导演去世了，同事们都在想，没有他，这部纪录片能否继续下去。
考查动词短语。carry on继续、坚持、开展；carry out实施、执行、实行；take on承担、接受（尤指艰巨工作或重大责任）；take out取出、把……带出去。根据上文“The director of Up series passed away”与下文内容的关系可知，此处表示在没有导演的情况下“继续”，应用carry on。故选A。
2．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：我遇到了一些困难，但与你的相比根本算不上什么。
考查动词短语。由“they were nothing compared…yours.”可知，此处应为我遇到的困难无法与你遇到的困难相比，sth be compared to…把……与……相比，固定短语。这里用的是非谓语动词compared to。故选A。
3．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：有时结果会与我们的愿望相反。不管怎样，我们还是要接受它们。
考查动词短语。carry out实施；break out爆发；run out耗尽；turn out结果是。根据“We need to accept them anyway.”可知，有时结果会与我们的愿望相反。故选D。
4．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：宝宝在睡觉。请你把收音机关小点声好吗？
考查动词短语辨析和情态动词的用法。turn on打开；turn down调小；turn off关闭；turn up调大。Would是情态动词，其后加动词原形，排除AC；根据“The baby is sleeping.”可知，是调小音量，故选B。
5．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：你认为有必要为生活有困难的老人建立一个特殊的养老院吗?
考查动词短语。set out出发、开始；set up建立；set down放下；set off出发、动身。根据“a special home for the elderly with life difficulties”，可知是为生活有困难的老人建立一个特殊的养老院，set up符合题意，其它选项均不符合语境，故选B。
6．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——哦，我的天哪！我增重了五磅！——不要担心。对于一个正在成长的少女来说，这很正常。
考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴；put down放下；put on增重；put off推迟。根据“five pounds”及“It’s normal for a growing teenage girl”可知，此处指增重了五磅，故选C。
7．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——对不起打断你，但有件事我不明白。——没关系。
考查动词短语辨析。cut down砍倒；cut out删除；cut in 插嘴，打断；cut off切断。根据“but there is something I don’t understand”可知是插嘴、打断，故选C。
8．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：会议原定于星期二举行，但我们不得不推迟。
考查动词短语辨析。turn on打开；turn out结果是；take place发生；take up占据。根据“but we’ve had to put it off”可知，原定开会的时间发生在星期二，现在要推迟了，故选C。
9．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：工人们张贴了一个标志，警告人们这里有危险。
考查动词短语辨析。put out扑灭；put in安装；put up张贴；put on穿上。根据“a sign”可知，是张贴标志，故选C。
10．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：丹尼尔是我们班最谦虚的男孩，因为他从不在公共场合炫耀。
考查动词短语辨析。gets off下车；takes off脱下；shows off炫耀；turns off关掉。根据“Daniel is the most modest boy in our class”可知，此处是从不在公共场合炫耀。故选C。
11．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——对不起，先生，医院里不允许吸烟。——对不起，我没看到标志。我要把烟灭了。
考查动词短语。put in安装；put up张贴；put out熄灭；put on穿上。根据“Excuse me, sir, but smoking is not allowed in hospital.”可知是要熄灭正在燃烧的烟。故选C。
12．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：科学家在做出结论之前，需要完成数个调查。
考查动词短语词义辨析。give up放弃；carry out 实现，完成；hear of听说；look for寻找。根据“several surveys before making a conclusion ”可知，指科学家在做出结论之前，需要完成数个调查。故选B。
13．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——多么可怕的灾难啊！许多人失去了家园，大多数人受了重伤。——我相信一切都会好起来的，因为士兵们，最可爱的人，正在努力帮助他们。
考查动词短语。find out查明；turn out变得；run out用完，耗尽；put out扑灭；根据“because the soldiers, the most lovely people, are trying to help them.”可知，此处指的是“事情会变好的”，故选B。
14．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：当你接到一项困难的任务时，试着坚持下去并完成它。
考查动词短语。join in参加；stick with坚持；search for寻找；think of想起。根据“finish it”可知，此处表示要完成它，应是要坚持下去，故选B。
15．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——许多学生不知道如何处理压力，变得担心。——我认为他们最好向老师寻求帮助。
考查动词短语。argue with和……争吵；come up with想出；deal with处理。根据“become worried”可知不会处理压力才会担心，用deal with符合语境。故选C。
16．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：他过去常和朋友们一起熬夜，在电影院看电影。
考查动词短语。stay up熬夜；wake up醒来；come up发生；make up编造。根据“movies in the cinema”可知，此处指他和朋友们在电影院熬夜看电影。故选A。
17．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——每天早晨我已经习惯读英语了。——是的，英语非常重要。英语在英国和其它的一些国家作为第一语言来使用。
考查used短语的区别。be used to doing sth习惯于做某事；used to do过去常常做某事；be used by被……来使用；be used as被用作……；根据“every morning”可知，第一句表达“习惯于”，应用be used to doing；结合“the first language”可知，第二空表达“被当作”，应用be used as，故选C。
18．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——Lexie阿姨，你能教我怎么在微信上发红包吗？——当然可以。是这样的。
考查动词短语辨析。give away 捐赠；give up 放弃；give back 归还；give out 发出，分发。根据“red envelope 红包”可知，说话人想让阿姨教如何用微信发红包，“give out”符合语境，故选D。
19．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：他总是和朋友们在每件事上意见一致。事实上，他没有自己的想法。
考查动词短语。talk with与……交谈；play with与……一起玩；deal with处理；agree with同意。根据In fact , he has no thoughts of his own.可知是同意朋友的观点。故选D。
【点睛】
20．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——你好，西蒙！你看起来很兴奋。发生了什么事？——我们赢得了足球比赛，结果比预期的还要好。
考查动词短语。turn out结果是；find out查明；work out算出；come out出现；根据“to be better than expected”可知，此处说的是结果是……，用turn out to be表示，故选A。
21．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：我父亲总是告诉我要自己接受任何可能的挑战，而不是轻易放弃！
考查动词短语辨析。take away带走；take off脱下；take up开始从事；take on接受、承担。根据空后“instead of giving up easily!”可推知，应是要接受任何可能的挑战。故选D。
22．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：-好吧，我接受了。但是我告诉你，这是我最后一次做这种工作了。-加油，Buddy，不要那么严肃。take off脱掉，起飞；take out取出，发泄；take on承担，接受；take up拿起，从事。根据句意可知，这里表示“承担这种工作”，故应选C。
23．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：请你把灯关掉好吗?灯亮着我睡不着。
考查动词短语辨析。A. 打开；B. 关闭；C. 向(某人)求助；D.转身。the light灯，根据I can't sleep well with it on.可知请求关灯，故选B。
24．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：你最好在考试前把所有的问题都看一遍。
考查动词短语。look after照顾；look at看；look out小心，留神；look through浏览，逐一查看。由语境可知，在考试之前浏览所有的问题，故应用短语look through。故选D。
25．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：在执行计划之前，一定要把一切都准备好。
考查动词短语。carry out执行，实施；break out爆发；turn out结果是；put out扑灭。根据空后“the plan”可知是要执行计划，其他选项不能使句子通顺。故选A。
26．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：作为一名志愿者，他经常去医院鼓励病人。
考查动词短语。cheer for为……欢呼；help for帮助；put up张贴；cheer up使振作起来。根据句中“goes to the hospital”及“the sick”可知，这里指去医院鼓励病人，故选D。
27．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：我们应该勇敢地承担这项工作，而不是抱怨太多。 这是我们的责任！
考查动词短语。take away带走；take up开始从事；take on承担；take off脱下。根据“ the job bravely”可知此处指勇敢承担工作。故选C。
28．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：雨已经停了，为什么不放好雨衣呢？
考查动词短语词义辨析。take away拿走；pass away去世；put away放好，储存；put off推迟。根据“The rain has stopped.”可知，指雨停了，为什么不放好雨衣呢。故选C。
29．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：我爸爸很喜欢DIY。他想在厨房里装个碗柜。
考查动词短语辨析。put up举起，张贴；put in安装；put on穿上；put away整理。根据“He’s trying to…a cupboard in the kitchen.”可知，是安装碗柜，故选B。
30．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——你好，这里是太仓中学。——我想和陈先生谈谈。你能帮我接通吗？
考查动词短语。put…in把……放进……；put…out熄灭；put…through接通；put…up张贴。根据上文“I want to talk to Mr. Chen”，结合对方的话“Hello, this is Taicang Middle School”，可知此处是请求对方 “接通电话”；put sb. through接通某人的电话，故选C。
31．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：鲍勃忙于把桌子和椅子移走，因为它们占据大厅太多的空间。
考查动词短语。pick up捡起；take up占据；put up张贴；cheer up振作。根据“too much room”可知此处表示占据空间，用动词短语take up。故选B。
32．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：丹尼尔，请停止玩电脑游戏。它占据你太多的空闲时间了。
考查动词短语辨析。turned up调高声音；picked up捡起；put up张贴；taken up占据。根据“stop playing computer games, please! It has...your free time too much”可知玩游戏占据空间时间。故选D。
33．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——杰克在哪里？他妈妈正在找他。——哦，他在那里发传单，让人们更多地了解联合国儿童基金会。
考查动词短语辨析。putting out扑灭；putting in投入；handing out分发；handing in上交。根据题干“he is…leaflets there to make people know more about UNICEF”，可知是在发传单，故选C。
34．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——琳达为什么来中国？——体验中国文化，找到最适合自己的大学。
考查动词短语辨析。turn out结果是，证明是；put out扑灭；run out用光；find out找出，查明。根据“…the most suitable university to attend”可知，是找到最适合自己的大学。故选D。
35．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：真遗憾！天下雨了。我们不得不取消运动会。
考查动词短语。ran out耗尽；broke out爆发；found out找出；turned out最后是，结果是。根据“We had to cancel the sports meeting.”可知此处下雨是一种结果，用D选项最合语境。故选D。
36．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：想出解决这个难题的新办法的人将得到奖励。
考查短语和名词辨析，keeps up with赶得上，和……保持联系；comes up with提出，想出；ends up with结束，以……而结束；puts up with忍受，容忍；praise赞美；award奖，奖学金；prize奖品；price价格。根据“how to work out the puzzle ”可知应该是想出一个新主意，根据“who … a new idea of how to work out the puzzle”可知应该是想出新主意的人会得到奖励，故选B。
37．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——《民法典》是我国法学史上的一个里程碑，取得了巨大的成功。——我完全同意。
考查动词短语。turns out最后是，结果是；puts out熄灭；takes out取出；breaks out爆发。根据“to be a big success”可知，此处使用turn out，表示“取得巨大成功”。故选A。
38．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——父亲，当发生地震的时候，我应该怎么办？——首先，重要的是冷静下来，然后躲在房间的角落里。
考查短语辨析。fall down跌倒；calm down冷静；come down下来、降落；get down下来、使沮丧。根据“What should I do when an earthquake happens”及生活常识可知，当地震发生的时候，需要冷静下来。故选B。
39．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——你们班谁是最好的篮球运动员？ ——丹尼尔。他还利用任何机会向女孩炫耀他的球技。
考查动词短语辨析。take off脱下；turn off关掉；fall off跌落；show off炫耀。根据“And he takes any chance to … his sports skills to girls.”可知，应该是向女孩炫耀他的球技。故选D。
40．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：儿童节就要到了。许多商店都张贴了带有“减价”字样的巨幅海报。
考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上；put in投入；put away收起；put up张贴。根据下文“huge posters with the word ‘SALE’”，可知是贴出了海报，故选D。