英语各种时态的被动语态举例与专项练习.doc

中考各种时态的被动语态举例与专项练习
各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）
1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）
　English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。
　Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。
　The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)
　The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
　He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。
　My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。
3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
　A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。
　A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。
　I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
　The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。
　The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。
　A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)
　Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。
　The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
6．过去完成时(had been+done)
　They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
　She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
　He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.
　他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
7.含有情态动词的被动语态
　情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如：
　Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。
　Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）
　Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
动词的主动形式表示被动之意
　系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意
常见的系动词有：
① be动词
② ……起来（7个）：look/seem/appear, feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste
e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible.
③ (逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go
e.g. His wish has come true.
People often went hungry in the old days.
The tree is growing tall.
④ 保持：keep, stay
e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room.
下列动词（词组）没有被动式：
1、happen, take place, break out, belong to
2、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write,等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。　
、An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。
　 An accident happened yesterday.
　、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
　、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。
　、This book sells well.这本书畅销。
、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。
、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。

被动语态专项练习
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed B. should be read
C. must read D. ought to read
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened
C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen B. did, happen
C. is, happen D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up
C. were set up D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished B. have finished
C. had been finished D. have been finished
9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown
10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised B. praises
C. have been praised D. always is praised
11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .
A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open
C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened
12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken
13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing
15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out B. had been broken out
C. was broken out D. had broken out
16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).
A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats
17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking
18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work B. are made to work
C. made to be worked D. are making to work
19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled
20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up B. is sent up
C. have been sent up D. has been sent up
21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung
22.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned
23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found
24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended
25. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in B. must hand in
C. handed in D. must be handed in
26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted B. plant
C. are planted D. will be planted
27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see
28. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on B. will be put on
C. is going to put on D. will be putted on
29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened B. has been happened
C. happened D. was going to happen
30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken
C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw the boy run yesterday.
2. He told me that he would come back soon.
3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
4. Do you water your flowers every day?
5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
6. I think that he is right.
7. He had not thrown the bad food.
8. Mother was not mending the trousers.
9. They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.

二、英语书面表达专项训练
2． “持之以恒，方得始。”坚持是一种可贵的品格。生活中想要做成任何一件事情，都需要持之以恒的精神。
某英文网站正在开展以“坚持”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿。谈淡你在初中生活中坚持的一件事（爱好，习惯……），你是怎样做的，以及你的感受。
提示词语：keep, practice, difficult, give up, proud
提示问题：1. What did you do?
2. How do you feel?
It s important for us to keep trying to achieve our goals.
【答案】It's important for us to keep trying to achieve our goals.I love running and I have kept running for three years.
When I was in Grade 7，I was not good at sports and running was always my headache.I often failed in my running test.In order to catch up with my classmates，I began to practice running every day after school.Sometimes，I was so tired that I really wanted to give up.But I kept telling myself that I could make it.No matter what kind of difficulties I faced，I tried my best to keep running.Now I do much better in running and I'm very proud of myself.I feel more confident and I'm ready for any challenges in the future.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇是材料作文，根据所给提示写一篇自己在初中生活中坚持做的事；文中写明自己是怎么做的并谈谈自己的感受。
【详解】
1.本篇要求根据所给材料，用第一人称写初中生活中自己坚持做的一件事，根据提示，描写“What did you do?用一般过去时，描写How do you feel?用一般现在时。书写时要紧扣主题，文句通顺。
2.本例文开篇立即点明自己的坚持做的事是“跑步”，正文部分详细地描写了自己起初跑步总是不及格，通过克服困难、不懈地努力，坚持跑步，到现在比以前会跑；结尾谈了这件事对自己的影响；文章结构清晰，前后呼应。
3.本例文出彩之处在于用了很多的短语和重点句型。比如：固定搭配、固定句型It's +adj+ for us +to do sth、love doing sth、keep doing 、be good at、 catch up with、be proud of；不定式in order to；try my best to；状语从句so…that …；比较级do much better in …、feel more confident等；短语多彩、文句表达多样。

3．你是一位九年级的学生李明，你用英语写一封邮件给你的笔友Amy，感谢她对你关心，并告诉她目前你在全力以赴为中考而学习，并与她交流一下目前的学习和生活情况。要点如下：
(1). 虽然你大部分功课你都学得比较好，但是你对自己不满意。你认为自己学习上还要多花工夫。
(2). 你的父母对你严格要求，但是也很关心你。（举例说明，适当发挥2—3句）……
(3). 老师很乐意帮助你们。他们希望你们实现自己的理想。他们说（适当发挥2—3句）……
注意：
(1). 要求语句通顺，意思连贯。
(2). 第2要点和第3要点要用2—3句话作适当发挥。
(3). 词数90个左右，邮件开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Hello!
Dear Amy, thank you for caring.
Now I am working hard for the senior high school entrance examination.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How about you? I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours
Li Ming
【答案】例文Hello!
Dear Amy, thank you for caring.
Now I am working hard for the senior high school entrance examination. I have got good results in most of my subjects, but I am not happy with myself. I think I must spend more time on my studies.
My parents are really strict with me. However, they care for me as well. Once upon a time, I failed in my physics exam and felt stressed and sad. They had a close communication with me and helped me solve my problems and cheer up again.
My teachers are also ready to help us. They hope that we can realize our dreams. They tell us to try our best and not to give up. Life is always full of ups and downs. It's important not to be afraid of any kind of difficulty.
How about you? I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours
Li Ming
【解析】
【详解】
本文属于材料作文，告诉艾米目前你在全力以赴为中考而学习，并与她交流一下目前的学习和生活情况。根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。
亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如get good results, spend+时间+on sth, be strict with, however, care for, as well, once upon a time, help sb do, cheer up, be ready to, tell sb to do, try one’s best to do, be full of以及it is adj to do sth等，增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。
【点睛】
写作时可以从以下几个方面做起：
认真审题。审好题是写好书面表达的关键。审题时要注意试题的要求，抓住要点，词数符合要求。
构思提纲。有了提纲，我们就可以根据提纲和主题确定相关的写作材料。通常书面表达给出的话题是开放的，而具体的内容要求学生自己发挥，因此选择恰当的素材也是使短文中心突出、明确的关键。
初写短文。一切都准备就绪，就可以动笔写作了，在写作的过程中我们要注意句子的准确性、连贯性以及简洁性。使用的词语、短语及句型尽量用自己有把握的词。同时还要注意使用恰当的连词，使句子衔接自然。
修改润色。修改润色是获取高分的必要步骤。这一步我们除了检查短文的各种错误外，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，格式是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。

4．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
假如你是李华，本周六龙湖公园将举办端午节游园活动。你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter和你一起参加，请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他你们见面的时间、地点，在那儿可以做些什么以及他需要做什么准备。
提示词语: meet, take part in, the dragon boat race, make Zongzi, camera…
提示问题:
When and where are you going to meet?
What can you do there?
What do you advise Peter to prepare?
Dear Peter,
How is it going?
This Saturday is the Dragon Boat Festival. There will be a lot of interesting activities in Longhu Park. I’m writing to invite you to go there with me. __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua

题目②
“我们都在努力奔跑, 我们都是追梦人。”有梦想就有目标, 有希冀才会奋斗。某英文网站正在开展以“We Are All Dreamers”为主题的征文活动, 假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿。谈谈你的梦想是什么？你为什么会有这样的梦想？为了实现你的梦想, 你打算怎么做？
提示词语：want to be, like, study hard, come true...
提示问题：● What's your dream and why?
● What will you do to make your dream come true?
【答案】例文：Dear peter,
How is it going?
This Saturday is the Dragon Boat Festival. There will be a lot of interesting activities inLonghu Park. I’m writing to invite you to go there with me. We are going to meet at the south gate of Longhu Park at 9 o’clock. We can watch the dragon boat race. It’s very exciting. After that, we will learn how to make Zongzi. I think you will be interested in it. By the way, you can take a camera or your smart phone if you want to take some photos.
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇给材料作文，给Peter写一封信，邀请他参加端午节游园活动，告诉我们见面的时间、地点以及要做的活动。
【详解】
结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第一、三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：This Saturday is……，There will be……，We are going to……，We can watch……等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。
【点睛】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头表示我邀请你参加端午节游园活动，接下来介绍我们见面的时间和地点以及可以做的事，最后期望收到你的回复。此处invite sb to do sth, learn to do sth, be interested in, by the way, look forward to等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。

5．写作:
81. 目前，很多高中都开设了特色课程，涵盖烘焙、舞蹈、钢琴、跆拳道、足球等内容，很大程度上增加了校园生活的趣味性，但也有人持不同的看法。 作为即将升入高中的你，对于特色文化课程有何看法？请根据下表的提示完成一篇短文并阐述你的观点。
Views on Special Courses
赞同
1. 有助于增加我们的技能；
2. 有利于培养我们不轻易放弃的精神；
3. ……
不赞同
1. 过多占用学生时间，耽误学习；
2. 需要投入更多的钱，增加家庭压力；
3. ……
你的观点
1. ……
2. ……

要求：
1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2. 必须包括表格中所有相关信息，并适当发挥；
3. 词数：100左右（文章开头已给出，不计入）
4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
Views on Special Courses
Nowadays, many senior school carry on some special courses in their normal subjects. But different people have different ideas.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Views on Special Courses
Nowadays, many school carry on some special courses in their normal subjects. But different people have different ideas.
Some students like to attend these classes. First of all, this kind of courses can help us develop our life abilities. What’s more, these courses can help us build the spirit that we shouldn’t give up easily. Also, with the help of these courses, students can broaden their views on the world.
However, we can’t reach an agreement. Some students think it takes so much time to have these lessons that they can’t pay attention to their grades. Moreover, we need to pay much money for these classes, and it will surely increase the cost. At last, we don’t have so many teachers on these courses. We can’t get more knowledge without the guide of specific teachers.
Every coin has two sides. I think it’s good to have special courses. It’s not only impove our abilities but also give us much fun.
【解析】
【详解】
这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如carry on，first of all，like to do，play a game，this kind of，What’s more，give up，with the help of，so much time，pay attention to，on the paper，put up等。而复杂并列结构Moreover, we need to pay much money for these classes, and it will surely increase the cost/ It’s not only improve our abilities but also give us much fun.和Some students think it takes so much time to have these lessons that they can’t pay attention to their grades. / I think it’s good to have special courses.等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。
【点睛】
书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏