2021年同等学力英语考试真题及详解.doc

同等学力人员申请研究生学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一 APaper One (90 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication(10 minutes，10 points)Part Vocabulary(20 minutes，10 points)Part Reading Comprehension(45 minutes，30 points)Part Cloze(15 minutes，15 points)考生须知1本考试分试卷一和试卷二两某些。试卷一满分65分，考试时间为90分钟，9:00开始，10:30结束；试卷二满分35分，考试时间为60分钟，10：30开始，11：30结求。本考试及格原则为总分60分，其中试卷二不低于18分。2请考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。3本试卷一为A型试卷，请将答案用2B铅笔填涂在A型答题卡上，答在其他类型答题卡或试卷上无效。答题前，请核对答题卡与否为A型卡，若不是，请规定监考员予以更换。4在答题卡上对的填涂办法为：在答案所代表字母上划线，如A BCD。5监考员宣布试卷一考试结束后，请停止答试卷一，将试卷一和试卷二答题卡反扣在自己桌面上，继续做试卷二。监考员将到座位上收取试卷一和试卷二答题卡。6监考员收卷过程中，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为学生交卷凭据）。否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。Paper One试卷一 (90 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication (10 minutes，10 points，1 for each)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections：In this section，you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers，each followed by 4 choices marked A，B，C，and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue：Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET1A：Can you take over for me here for a little while?I have a friend coming to see me B：Id like to，but _ Ask Peter，hes not so occupied at this momentAhow can I do it? Bthats alrightCI have my hands full Dthats impossible2A：To get an outside line，just dial 0 and the phone number. Or we can place a call for you，if you want B：No，thanks a lot _AJust put me through BIll try it myselfCId rather not DIll appreciate your help3A：Now，its just work，work，work. I work hard all day every day B：Oh，come on _ Youre making a good salary nowADont complain BSorry to hear about itCAnything I can do for you? DWhats your plan?4A：Pamela，can you come to a meeting on Friday? B：_ Let me check my schedule. When are you having it?ANo big deal BIm not sureCCan I?DSure thing!5A：Im really getting fed up with the salespersons who keep calling B：_AI hope its nothing serious BThey are so stupid!CSo am I. Its so annoying DYou are right. Forget itSection B Dialogue Comprehension6Man：Ive figured it all out. It looks like itll take us about 5 hours to drive from here to ChicagoWoman：Itd be more relaxing to take the train. But I guess we should watch our expensesQuestion：What does the woman imply?AShe likes to drive when she travelsBShe doesnt want to go to ChicagoCShe doesnt know the cost of the train tripDIts cheaper to go to Chicago by car7Man：How about the examination last week?Woman：If Id got more time，I could have made itQuestion：What does the woman imply?AShe was asked to take another examinationBShe failed the examination last weekCShe did quite well in the examinationDShe didnt take the examination last week8Man：Harvard or the State University，have you decided yet?Woman：Well，Id rather be a big fish in a small pondQuestion：Which university is the woman likely to choose?AThe State UniversityBHarvardCNeitherDShe hasnt decided yet9Man：Ive just found a great location to open a new shop Woman：But you havent researched the market. Dont you think this is putting the cart before the horse? Question：What does the woman mean?AThe man shouldnt make the decision so quicklyBIts too risky to choose such a locationCThe man is doing things in the wrong orderDIts possible for him to make a better choice10Woman：My results are a bit flattering because Ive had quite a lot of luck Man：Nonsense，youre head and shoulders above the others in your group Question：What does the man think is the reason for the womans success?AShes really lucky BShes far better than the othersCShes got the others support D：Shes been working hardPart Vocabulary (20 minutes，10 points，05 for each)Section ADirections：In this section there are 10 sentences，each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A. B. C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET11Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposefully at the partyAdesperatelyBdefinitelyCdeliberatelyDdecisively12There has been enough playing around，so lets get down to businessAmake a dealBbegin our workCreach an agreementDchange our plan13How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterdays lunch into todays muscle?AalterBdevelopCmodifyDturn14It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get olderAnoticeBwatchCfollowDcelebrate15It is difficult to comprehendbut everything you have ever seen，smelt，heard or felt is merely your brains interpretation of incoming stimuliAexplanationBevaluationCrecognitionDinterruption16Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over work and other commitmentsAappointmentsBarrangementsCobligationsDdevotions17If you continue to indulge in computer games like this，your future will be at stakeAin dangerBwithout questionCon guardDat large18Romantic novels，as opposed to realistic ones，lend to present idealized versions of life，often with a happy endingAin contrast toBin regard toCin terms ofDin light of19Most people would agree that，although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge，there has been no correlative increase in wisdomAimprovesBprecedesCimposesDexceeds20Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on the basis of earning potentialAoffensiveBdepressiveCtroublesomeDtiresomeSection BDirections：In this section，there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET21My oldest son had just finished an _ holiday stay prior to moving to a new state，a new job，and the next chapter in his lifeAenlargedBexpandedCextendedDincreased22Blacks and American Indians _ less than 10% of students in the top 30 business schools，while they are about 28% of the U. S. populationAmake upBtake upCreach out D turn out23With demand continuing to rise in _ economies such as China and India，energy traders believe that oil futures are a good betAemployingBemergingCembracingDemitting24Laws and regulations in each country have to be made _ the constitution of the countryAin honor ofBin memory ofCin return forDin line with25The jurys _ was that the accused was guiltyAverdictBsentenceCtrialDdebate26In English learning，a _ cycle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scoldedAverticalBviciousCvividDvigorous27Isnt it _ when you learn something youve never known before?AcoolBcrazyCcoldDcute28There are several factors _ the rapid growth of sales promotion，particularly in consumer marketsAresorting toBappealing toCapplying toDcontributing to29The Internet has been developing at a speed _ peoples expectations in the past two decadesAoverBofCunderDbeyond30It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs；they have become professionally _ Alaid offBlaid outCput offDput outPart Reading Comprehension (45 minutes，30 points，1 for each)Directions：There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 6 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEETPassage OneLoneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now，a study says it can also spreadA friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25% more likely to do the sameEarlier findings showed that happiness，fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also grow like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham，MassachusettsThe study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then，more tests have been added，including measures of loneliness and depressionThe new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a parted that spread as people reported fewer close friendsFor example，loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than menResearchers from the University of Chicago，Harvard and the University of California，San Diego，did the study. The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social PsychologyThe average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%，or two and a half daysLonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject themJohn Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networksThe aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier” against loneliness. This barrier，he says，can keep the whole network from coming apart31Besides loneliness，which of the following can also spread among people? AFriendshipBHappiness CDepressionDSmoking32The Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948 _ Aexpanded its research topics Binvolved 5,000 patients of depression Cidentified loneliness as one key factor for heart disease Dexamined the relationship between loneliness and depression33Which of the following is true about the spread of loneliness?AIt leads to a gradual loss of friendsBIt is a common phenomenon among womenCIt is often found in the neighborhoodDIt ruins the relationships between close friends34Having a lonely friend，you are more likely to _ Astrengthen your friendship Bdevelop new friendship Cincrease the sense of loneliness Dreduce the sense of loneliness35According to John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago，loneliness can _ Aresult in aggressivenessBcause people to be overprotectiveCinfect social networksDpush people to the verge of poverty36What is the main idea of the passage?ALoneliness can spreadBLoneliness is linked to depressionCLonely people tend to grow fatDLonely people need more friendsPassage TwoCalifornia has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative“Starting this fall with high school math and science，we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks” That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June，talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online. He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make senseCalifornia approves traditional textbooks in six-year eyeless. Digital ones can offer the latest information. They lighten the load of school bags. They save paper and trees，and make learning more fun and interactive. And above all，he said，they help schools with their financesThe state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems. More than six million students attend California public schoolsEarlier this year，California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90% of the states learning requirements. Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of themSix of the ten were published by the CK 12 Foundation，a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed by the Khosla FamilyCalifornia cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts will have to decide for themselvesSusan Martimo，a California Department of Education official，says she does not expect widespread use right away，Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them， but only in addition to their traditional booksSchool administrators point out that the texts may be free online，but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies，but that would not help the environment. Also，there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively37The Digital Textbook Initiative _ Awill probably take effect in six yearsBcovers all the high school subjectsChas been approved by all statesDis advocated by California state governor38The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to _ Ahelp save moneyBbenefit the environmentCprovide interesting materialsDreduce students heavy burden39The digital textbooks were approved by _ Atrained teachersBcontent developersCKhosla FamilyDCK 12 Foundation40What is true of CK 12 Foundation?AIt produced 16 digital textbooksBIt paid teachers to write digital textbooksCIt is financed by California state governmentDIt makes money through developing digital textbooks41According to Susan Martimo，digital textbooks _ Aare not likely to have a widespread useBwill soon replace traditional onesCwill first be adopted by well-equipped schoolsDare certain to be