新东方雅思强化精讲班全部笔记整理.doc

IELTS NOTESSection One -Reading General Introduction:60 minutes 40 items 90s/item 3 passages 14001500 words per passageActual Time: 52 minutes + 5 minutes + 3 minutes 监考官会报时Best Time: 50 minutes 形容词变化： ugly plain-looking homely List of Headingsa) Priority: 1stb) 破题点：1.主旨性（非细节性） 例：”.for example.” 细节部分skip2.两段不会有同一个heading，把例子项排除c) Procedures: 1. Passages Title如何读？生词判断词性：名词记住拼写动词拼写、变形形容词、副词skip2. Instruction不用找标题的段x掉“NB”是“特别注意”的意思3. Delete the Example4. Read Paragraphs:i. Topic sentence演绎法（总分） 归纳法（分总）读的顺序：第一句，最后一句，第二句注意第一句和第二句之间的转折关系（but, however, yet, nevertheless）ii. Repeated words（实词）机械反复、代词反复（He, She找出指代的人）、回环结构（首尾呼应）iii. Indicative words“in a word.”标名词，与题目、文章相应表归纳：in a word, in summary, in short, in brief表结果：as a result, so, consequently, therefore, hence, thus, finally, eventually, in the end, at last, in consequence段尾：this, that, those, theseiv. Numbers（数字多的时候才用，一般用于科技说明文）找出数字与什么有关系v. Story主旨在开头或结尾 Skip skills: 见到”study”research”等skip to “that” “despite”skip to “,” helping “份” offering “祭品” 若一词可作动词或名词，则加ing后也许意义改变 chronic 反义 acute， invariably = always，nutritional table营养表overwork超量工作 & workaholic工作狂贬义 Religions: Buddhism佛教，Christianity基督教（adj. Christine，问的时候：Are you Christine?），Catholic天主教（adj. & n.），Islamism伊斯兰教 Thank you for your endowment.巨谢谢你（慎用，非常大限度）Thank you in advance提前谢谢你 / for concerning谢谢你的关心（一般用作挡箭牌）. audience（用耳朵听）的观众， spectator（用眼睛看）的观众 Summarya) 两篇文章的行文顺序同样b) 语法性（判断空格中的词性和时态，ing, ed, s, v） 1st step有单词选项时优先考虑顺序性c) Procedures:1. Instruction word number limit words from the passage（完全同样，涉及数字） where?2. Blanks grammar answerno grammar key words【阿拉伯数字、人名、地名（不变）、斜体（书名，写作文时用下划线表达）、大写、特殊符号（双引号、短横线）】3. Locationd) a, an, the可以用括号括起来，例如(a) set of benchmarks Sentence Completion 破题点：1.语法性1st 2.无序性different from summary True/False/Not Givena) 形式：YES, Yes, Y, TRUE, True, T是不同样的！b) 破题点：1. 定位准key words, list of headings2. 无序性3. 比较准Benchmarks:True:i. 只有题目中的语句与文章中的语句思想内容（方向，限度，范围）完全一致，才可以判定题目的答案为True。False:i. 与文章中的内容完全相反ii. 文章中为A、B、C等几个的并列关系，题目中却出现了only A或A、B的结构iii. 文章中的结论成立有条件、范围的限制，题目中没有这些限制直接成立iv. 文章中为人们对某件事物的主观见解、感受或猜测，题目中转化为客观事实Not Given:i. 文章中没有提及题目所讨论的内容key word missingii. 题目将文章所这几的事物更加细节化，从而无从考证（some officials200 officials）iii. 文章中提及若干事物，但没有做出比较，题目中对这些事物进行了比较，从未无法考证（文章中说A 19岁，B 20岁，题目说A比B小这种情况例外，数字比较要慎重）（后现代主义绝招：不够时间时，凡是题目中有比较的，都写NG 不建议的绝招）iv. 文章中为人的目的、目的、愿望、誓言等的内容，在题目中成为了现实 表目的：aim, object, objective, goal, aim at 表目的：purpose, motive, intention 表愿望：hope, wish, desire, dream 表誓言：swear, pledge, vow, promisev. 文章中句子的主语或宾语被其它词语代替，从而无法考证c) Procedures：1. Sentence key word locate question word【比较级、最高级；表达比较关系的结构（as.as, equal to, equivalent）；数字的精确度；范围的词语（all, both, every, only）；谓语动词】2. Location non-existent NG exist procedure 33. Compare using benchmarks above a match-maker 媒婆 well-matched couple 好配的夫妻 不能把试卷撕下来！ self-sufficient 自给自足 self-contained 自成一体 388three double eight / three dual eight Dualist 二重唱歌手 dual employment family 双职工家庭 （注意：dual后面的名词用单数；double后面用复数） World Heritage Site 世界遗址 病的几种讲法：Illness总称 sicknesssickness leave病假；youre so sick你很恶心 disease具体某种病disorder紊乱，失调 complainDo you have any complain?你有没哪里不舒适？ Multiple Choicea) 破题点：排除法（排除同义选项）；运用选项定位b) multiple choice的choice不加s，一般情况下，对的选项为一项，若要选择多项，则题目会用大写字母说明要选择多少项c) 与阅读原文文字完全温和的选项往往都不是对的选项d) 选项中有“all of the above”选项的，到文章中找并列结构的地方（可找“，”“1、2、3、”）e) 选项中有dollars字样的，可到文章中找这个符号：$ Matchinga) 形式：ABCD1234567；无序性！b) 破题点：小集合定位（先在文章中所有圈出，然后把大集合的题目读一下） 大集合配尽（小集合不一定用尽）c) 假如一个项在文章中出现很多次，就知道文章是说那个项的，因此就先做别的项，最后没有选到的就是那个项的d) 选项可以一次也不用，也可以用无数次e) 除了这题，其余的题目的选项都不可以用两次 Tablea) 破题点：直接定位；语法平行（表格中） Short Answera) 直接定位（问什么找什么）；答案精确b) 数字后面必须加单位（符号单位不算字数）c) 阅读中的答案单位必须按原文，听力中kg与kilograms同样（全称时注意复数）d) 答案不需要大写字母，专有名词除外e) 答案要满足字数规定f) 答案中的冠词a、an、the可以加括号，不算字数g) 注意答案的语法，与题目提问词相应（例如：用what问，答案则应当是n.或者n.-clause）h) 假如原文中有carbon dioxide和CO2则答案可以写CO2 Flow Charta) 破题点：顺序性；集中性（答案也许集中在一个段落或者邻近的某几个段落）b) 只有flow chart和summary的答案出现顺序与原文同样 考场上的做题顺序：（全文共scan三次）a) 读第一次时，做list of headings（没有list of headings的也要先略读一次全文，划出各段中心句或者中心词，知道各段讲什么）b) 读第二次时，做T/F/NG，summary，sentence completionc) 读第三次时，做matching，table，flow chart，short answer，multiple choice 一口气把某类型的所有题目都读完再去找关键字会提高效率 自己复习的时候：1、词汇表；2、复习所有题目（一次一种）；3、剑5剑6Section 2 - Speaking Pronunciation accurate, slowly, pause, stressVocabularyaccurate, varietyGrammaraccurate, varietyOrganization多层次（好的，坏的） 广交会 Guangzhou Trade Fair 经济、生活、行业类话题可以用下面两种分类方法：a) 工、农、学、商 manufacturing, agriculture, education, trading, commerceb) 衣、食、住、行 clothing, food, real estate, automobile 说话的时候，尽量不要容易用because把自己塞住，多elaborate，将what、why贯穿于答案中 Travellong distancewater, sea / land / air / rail short distance private transport , public transport地上：bus(numbers of buses, waiting time, fare, comfortable, special priority lanes, overtake small cars), taxi 地下：underground, subway 可以以自己的体验（例如一次乘车的路程）作为逻辑线思考 In what way? in many ways in “terms of” 举例但是三，用etc. 工作相关：mainly responsible to, another duty I have is 听不清楚考官题目时：I beg your pardon? / Could you rephrase the question? / .x?xx?xxx? grow through errors/mist 要让思维附着在某处联想 Why? well, therere many reasons. / I . for several reasons Yao has lent his name to non-commercial to civilize the ChineseYao is the spokesman for / represent commercial 举考官听不懂的例子时要解释：Jay Chou, a local singer, maybe youre not familiar with him. 四种思维模式：固定思维；抓key words；图形化思维（例如：讲跟人有关系的，可以用考官的五官来思考，也叫五官法）；由一个点引申 Being famous materialistic benefits/satisfaction health / 衣食住行(adv. + -ed) spiritual satisfaction self confidence/satisfactionsloved/respected by people around yougain social recognitionparents/friends be proud of youDisadvantages: be the target of crime people around you want to take advantage of you lots of pressure people around you be curious about you, you will lose privacy 有用的搭配：adv. + v.-ed 例如：highly priced, beautiful decorated, well made, luxurious decorated Go to a decent/beautifully-decorated restaurant, order some delicious/gorgeous food, have a very nice chat with., really enjoy/best time of the day/a lot of fun/give me a lot of joy. Crying doesnt help, why not smile. Ordinary people job (used to / but) age (lookbut) body (weighoverweight, medium-weight, under-weight, description) face personality (give me the impression of beingindeed举例支持) influence (for one thing / for another) sb. Has had a major influence on me, as a matter of fact, xx has taught me about the most important things in life. For one thinglive a healthy lifestyle, for anotherbe optimistic/xx attitude towards, get through lots of hardships. 形容人的：has a brilliant brain/idea / quick-minded / well-mannered，weigh more than 形容某人善于聆听：sb.s door is always open to your idea/advice/suggestion/critizism genuine真的，trait特性，key trait重要特性 答题时可分most people think和I think作为两条线索 现场原则尽量用现场的tips 不同的限度to different degree 文化、生活、变化diversified；政治、变化transparent Media change in the past 20 years:a) Kinds of media diversifiedb) more transparent foreigner think/I think corruption, bribery, low efficiency of governmentc) authenticity of media depend on what kinds of media internet, magazine or CCTV & politics or economics 勇敢用中文描述你主线不知道英文的东西，然后再用英文explain 勇敢反复题目，让自己明白题目意思勇敢用自己做例子Let me use myself as an example (IELTS 6 P32 PART 3 LAST QUESTION)government duty (benefit for society)a large amount of moneyinvestment brings profits Sport:时间：XX is the best time for地点：XX has no strict demand forplace人物：do it alone / join a group of friends / either way is cool事情：has no strict rules / is flexible结论：physically: a good way of (keeping health/body building) mentally: refreshingSection 2-1 - Jacobs speaking Self introduction:Name: my name is a.k.a. / also known as / Im aby the name ofAge: Im currently 20 years old. nearly 20 years of age. in my early-20s/mid-20s/late-20s20-ish/25-ish（整十或整五的时候可以用ish表达左右，数字、颜色等都可以）Im a major / of legal age.Im a minor.Occupation: I study atmajor in Im a fuul-time student at and I major in I will complete BC in 12-monthsHobbies: I enjoy / take pleasure in / adoreOrigins (hometown): I come from / my hometown is, a metropolis located in / I was born and raised insettle in Some ethnicities:a CBC: Chinese born in Canadaa porkchop: 猪扒a frog: French peoplea latina（女）/latino（男）: Spanish peoplea caucasion: white peoplea FOB: fresh off the boata gino: Italian people Idioms & slangs:l After 10-years of hard work, Im still in the red. (the situation of owing money)l After 10-years of hard work, Im finally in the black. (the situation of not owing money)l Hanging out at night made my wife see red. (to be very angry/to hit the roof/to be pissed)l Chilling (means: hanging out) at night pissed my bitch off. (you bitch & you re a bitch不同)l Painting the town red got my boo angry. (蒲)l I felt so blue after getting ditched by her.l I felt so crappy after getting ditched by her.l She was at a loss of words when I busted in tears out of the blues. (suddenly)l female prostitute = hooker = whorel duck soup = piece of cake / duck蹲下l Hell prove hes not yellow/gutless/chicken.胆小l How does he keep himself in the pink? / in good health?l How can man be engaged in pink-collar jobs? (女性工作)l be green with envyl be envious of sb.褒义 be jealous of sb.贬义l Brown-bagging is an effective way to save money. (自己带饭盒到学校吃)l Can you put the rest into a doggy bag? (外带饭盒)l Come on! Toast! One shot! (一次饮晒)l Dont miss the boat! Its a one-shot offer! (只此一次的机会)l Were like bros because we always see eye to eye. (have the same opinion)l Dont shit on me! (blame on me) It takes two to tango! (一个巴掌打不响)l I want to do job no.1/no.2 (小便/大便).l be of two minds indecisive, facing a dilemmal He was like a dog with two tails.很开心l I dont even have two pennies to rub together. (没钱)l Im broke. (现在没钱)l Im only a two-bit teacher, a small potato. (小人物) big cheese大人物l What a two-faced prick! What a hypocrite! (伪君子)l Its a three-ring circus in here! 这里很嘈l Thats the 64,000 dollar question! 所有人都想知道的问题l That four-eyes turns me on! 那个四眼让我很兴奋 turn me off让我很不兴奋l Well done! High five! = give me five!l Keep eating five-alarm food (spicy food), and you will have pimples on your face.l Ok guys, take five. (take a break)l Touch her and youll be six feet under! (die)l It really knocked me for six to. (shock me)l Seven-year itch 七年之痒l Their relationship wont last long, its just a seven-day wonder. (三分钟热度)l Be dressed to the nines. 穿得很正式l Nine times out of ten = oftenl Its about the Benjamins. = its about the money.l No money no honey. = No money no talk. (前者才是标准)l Ten to one youll never get this job. (probably)l Keep that under wraps. / in the dark 不要公开那个l BMW = bus + metro + walkl Dont ask for the moon! 别规定太高l Thanks a million/a bunch! 非常感谢l Youre one in a million = youre so special.l A penny = 1-cent coin A nickel = 5-cent coin A dime = 10-cent coin A quarter = 25-cent coinl A loonie = 1 dollar A toonie = 2 dollarsl Love letter = sugar reportl Cost me an arm and a leg. 好贵 / peanuts 好便l Lay it on the line. = tell me the truthl To butt in = to cut in a line = to queue upl Zip it = shut upl Want beef? = want trouble?l You bet! = youre rightl Beats me! = search me! = I dont know. Important facets:Appropriate speed, pitch, and volume of voiceConfident behaviorDirect eye contactAppropriate postureCourteous facial expressionA smileSection 3 - Listening Time: 30mins+10mins 7分3135题；8分3638题 四六级归纳总结推理所听非所答雅思细节所听即所答 IELTS listening features:1、国际口音；2、四段叙述；3、边听边做；4、题型多样a) 国际口音：英音50%，美音20%，澳音20%，其他10%b) 四段叙述： 每段6min左右，750800字/段，section 1、3一般是conversation，section2、4一般是lecturec) 边听边做：需要极强的速读能力，手眼耳并用d) 题型多样：表格、问答、选择、填空、地图、图画、搭配 听力立体训练法：见笔记P60 场景总结：a) 租房场景：租房v. rent, lease, let房东landlord, landlady 房客tenant, lodger, boarder房子类型学校宿舍 dormitory, school residence 住家 home stay 公寓 flat 别墅 house, villa 一间房的公寓 studio 青年旅馆 youth hostel 汽车旅馆 motel 包含早餐的旅馆 B&B地理位置市中心 centre, central area, downtown area 城市 city, urban 郊区 suburb(也可表达地铁), countryside, outskirt 农村 rural area房子整体状况 1. 是否装修 decoration/newly decorated 有无家具设备 furnished/unfurnished电 electricity 淋浴 shower 中央空调/取暖 central air-conditioning/heating暖气 radiator/heater2. 房间类型：客厅 sitting room/lounge 单人/双/三人房 single room/double room（双人床）/twin room（两张单人床）/triple room/double-bed room坐、卧两用 bed sitting room 大厅、门厅 entrance hall/lobby/porch小厨房 kitchenette（-ette表达小） 阳台 balcony3. 家用电器（household appliance）：电视 TV/cable TV 电视许可证 TV license 电冰箱 refrigerator/fridge炉子 stove 电磁炉 electric stove 微波炉 micro-wave oven烤箱 grill/oven 吸尘器 vacuum cleaner 音响 stereo 宽带 broadband4. 家庭用品（utensil）地毯 carpet 台灯 lamp (bulb灯泡) 碗橱 cupboard 五斗橱 chest of drawer 大衣橱 wardrobe 扫把 broom 拖把 mop抹布 duster/cleaning rag5. 床上用品（bed pack/facility）上下铺 double-decked/bunk bed/double-decker（也指双层巴士）床垫 mattress 床单 sheet/bed linen 床罩 spread 靠垫 cushion被子 quilt 枕头 pillow 毛巾 towel 毯子 blanketb) 个人信息表格：1. 人名：姓 family name/last name/surname 名 given name/first name/forename 曾用名 other name 中间名缩写 middle initial 字母大小写 capital/smallMacDonald的拼法：m a c capital d small o n a l d某人的：sams的拼法：s a m apostrophe s2. 电话号码：0的读法：zero, oh, naught, nil, null, nothing读的原则：86 pause 20 pause 8768 pause 6160七位电话的读法：123 pause 4567两个或三个字母反复会用：double, dual, triple（注意连读现象）3. 性别 gender/sex 地址 avenue/lane4. Weight: gram, kilogram, ounce, pound5. Height: meter, centimeter, inch, foot (feet) 6. 国籍（nationality）填相应国家的形容词KoreaKorean SpainSpanish PolandPolish DenmarkDanishFinlandFinish SwedenSwedish GreeceGreek NorwayNorwegian IrelandIrish PortugalPortugueseSwitzerlandSwiss PhilippinesPhilippine Holland (Netherlands)DutchMalaysiaMalaysian ThailandThai ScotlandScottishTurkeyTurkish7. 教育限度：高等教育 higher education 证书 certificate 文凭 diploma学位 degree 高中生 A level 本科生 undergraduate研究生 postgraduate 本科毕业生 graduate student 硕士 master博士 Ph.D 职业教育 vocational education 培训 training初中 secondary education8. 工作经验 workin