2022年湖北省宜昌市中考英语试题（解析版）.docx

2022年湖北省宜昌市初中学业水平考试英语试题（本试卷共46小题，满分80分，考试时间90分钟。）第一部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分）完形填空：先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A.B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。Ever since “Mother Nature” gave me life, I expected to grow tall and big.As a young _1_, I was well protected in the forest. I used to _2_ a good time with my friends under the blue sky and _3_ the river. Our only purpose was to stand high. My pal, Tim often said, “All I ask for is to be _4_ the whole day.” More than 300 days passed and we grew straight. Until one day, our _5_ birthday, people came, moved us from the _6_ and put us on their trucks. “I dont want to go!” Tim cried.After a long journey, we arrived in a completely different place with _7_ green. Here we were planted in a line. _8_ the wind blew strongly, I could not even open my eyes to see Tim _9_ beside me. So we needed enough _10_ to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind.As time went by, we finally _11_ much stronger. I could keep my eyes open in the wind! I even found the blue sky was back!This was no longer a no-mans-land, and hundreds of visitors came here. A man took a picture of us with his _12_, “Thank you. We can enjoy clear days _13_ worrying about sand storms.” A young girl jumping up and down came over and _14_ me. “Thank you,” she said, “Its you that have turned the desert into a green land!” Tim and I smiled at each other, feeling _15_. The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky.1. A. treeB. fishC. girlD. boy2. A. chooseB. forgetC. haveD. miss3. A. inB. alongC. underD. on4. A. smartB. happyC. busyD. thin5 A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth6. A. beachB. lakeC. houseD. earth7. A. allB. nothingC. anythingD. everything8. A. ThoughB. UnlessC. BecauseD. Until9. A. clearlyB. greatlyC. kindlyD. widely10. A. desertB. windC. sandD. water11. A. becameB. smeltC. soundedD. remained12. A. radioB. keyboardC. backpackD. camera13. A. fromB. aboutC. withoutD. of14. A. askedB. huggedC. invitedD. kicked15. A. tiredB. boredC. proudD. surprised【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【导语】本文主要是一棵大树自述自己和朋友Tim是如何从森林被人类带到沙漠，他们逐渐地长成了能阻挡沙尘暴的大树，获得了人类的感谢。【1题详解】句意：作为一棵小树，我在森林里受到了很好的保护。tree大树；fish鱼；girl女孩；boy男孩。根据“I expected to grow tall and big”及“protected in the forest”可推断，这是一颗树，故选A。【2题详解】句意：我曾经和我的朋友在蓝天下和河边度过了一段美好的时光。choose选择；forget忘记；have有；miss错过。have a good time“玩得开心”，固定搭配，故选C。【3题详解】句意：我曾经和我的朋友在蓝天下和河边度过了一段美好的时光。in在里；along沿着；under在下面；on在上。根据“under the blue sky and the river”可知，树是栽在岸边，故选B。【4题详解】句意：我所要求的就是整天都快乐。smart聪明的；happy开心的；busy忙碌的；thin瘦弱的。根据“All I ask for is to be the whole day”可知，祈求每天开开心心，故选B。【5题详解】句意：直到有一天，我们的第一个生日，人们来了，把我们从陆地上搬到他们的卡车上。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据“More than 300 days passed”可知，300多天过去了，迎来了第一个生日，故选A。【6题详解】句意：直到有一天，我们的第一个生日，人们来了，把我们从陆地上搬到他们的卡车上。beach海滩；lake湖；house房子；earth陆地。根据“I was well protected in the forest”可知，从森林这块陆地搬到了卡车上，故选D。【7题详解】句意：经过长途旅行，我们到达了一个完全不同的地方，没有一点绿色。all所有；nothing没什么事；anything任何事；everything一切。根据“Its you that have turned the desert into a green land”可知，曾经这里是沙漠，没有一点绿色，故选B。【8题详解】句意：因为风刮得很大，我甚至不能睁开眼睛清楚地看到Tim在我身边。Though尽管；Unless除非；Because因为；Until直到。“the wind blew strongly”是不能看清楚Tim的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。【9题详解】句意：因为风刮得很大，我甚至不能睁开眼睛清楚地看到Tim在我身边。clearly清楚地；greatly伟大地；kindly善良地；widely广泛地。根据“I could not even open my eyes to see Tim beside me”可知，看不清楚Tim是否在旁边，故选A。【10题详解】句意：所以我们需要足够的水变得更茂密，更高，以阻止风。desert沙漠；wind风；sand沙子；water水。根据“So we needed enough to grow thicker”及常识可知，大树需要水才能长得更高，故选D。【11题详解】句意：随着时间的流逝，我们终于变得更强大了。became成为；smelt闻起来；sounded听起来；remained维持。根据“As time went by, we finally much stronger”可知，终于变得强大了，故选A。【12题详解】句意：一个男人用他的相机给我们拍了张照片。radio广播；keyboard键盘；backpack背包；camera相机。根据“took a picture of”可知，用相机拍照，故选D。【13题详解】句意：我们可以享受晴朗的天气而不用担心沙尘暴。from从；about关于；without没有；of的。根据“We can enjoy clear days worrying about sand storms”可知，不用担心沙尘暴了，故选C。【14题详解】句意：一个年轻的女孩跳上跳下，走过来拥抱我。asked询问；hugged拥抱；invited邀请；kicked踢。根据“Thank you”可知，拥抱大树表示感谢，故选B。【15题详解】句意：Tim和我相视一笑，感到很自豪。tired疲惫的；bored无聊的；proud骄傲的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Its you that have turned the desert into a green land”可知，是作者和Tim让这片沙漠变成绿地，这让大树感到骄傲，故选C。第二节（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）综合填空：根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词，使短文完整通顺，语法正确，每个空只能填一个词。Ive always run.When I was a k_16_, my dad took me to the Olympics and we saw the 400m final. A runner named Arthur won it and that really shocked me. I remembered it so well. I even wrote _17_ article about it.I was never good enough for the Olympics _18_ (我自己), but I tried running. I want to keep fit and like the challenge. After 27, I began to play t_19_. At 65, I started hurdling (跨栏) again. When I was 71, I won the 200m hurdling as the oldest person. When I was 80, I b_20_ the world record. I would never _21_ (改变) my mind. Now Im 89, but I still do a couple of press-ups (俯卧撑) once _22_ twice a week.To my pleasure, my family all exercise together in our nice _23_ (花园) every day. We own a better life because we have a _24_ (健康的) habit. My dream is to run the 100m at 100 only another e_25_ years to go and then to live to 120.No matter what comes my way, I will keep it.【答案】16. (k)id 17. an 18. myself 19. (t)ennis#(t)able-tennis 20. (b)roke 21. change 22. or 23. garden 24. healthy 25. (e)leven【解析】【导语】本文作者主要讲述了自己从青年到老年时期的运动经历，表达了他对运动的热爱。【16题详解】句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我爸爸带我去了奥运会，我们观看了400米决赛。根据“When I was a k., my dad took me.”可知，作者当时是个孩子，kid“孩子”符合语境，“a”修饰名词单数。故填(k)id。【17题详解】句意：我甚至写了一篇关于它的文章。“article”是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，泛指一篇文章，空处用不定冠词an。故填an。【18题详解】句意：我自己从来都不够优秀去参加奥运会，但我试着跑步。myself表示“我自己”，反身代词，指代主语本身。故填myself。【19题详解】句意：27岁以后，我开始打网球/乒乓球。空处指一种运动，结合首字母，play tennis/table-tennis“打网球/乒乓球”符合语境。故填(t)ennis/(t)able-tennis。【20题详解】句意：我80岁时打破了世界纪录。break the record“打破纪录”，根据“When I was 80”可知，用一般过去时，break的过去式是broke。故填(b)roke。【21题详解】句意：我永远不会改变想法。change“改变”，change my mind“改变我的想法”，“would”后接动词原形。故填change。【22题详解】句意：现在我89岁了，但我仍然每周做一两次俯卧撑。“once”和“twice”是并列成分，表示每周做俯卧撑一次或者两次，or“或者”符合语境。故选or。【23题详解】句意：令我高兴的是，我的家人每天都在我们美丽的花园里一起锻炼。garden“花园”，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故填garden。【24题详解】句意：我们拥有更好的生活，因为我们有一个健康的习惯。healthy“健康的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词“habit”。故填healthy。【25题详解】句意：我的梦想在100岁时跑100米只差11年了，然后活到120岁。根据前文“Now Im 89”可知，作者现在89岁，离100岁还差11年，eleven“十一”符合语境。故填(e)leven。第二部分 阅读与写作（共四节，满分55分）第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，计20分）阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。ADuring work hours in Beckers bread shop, the kitchen is especially quiet except the sound of the machine. The quiet environment is not the result of the strict rules, but because all the workers are deaf. They use sign language to communicate with each other from time to time.Beckers shop is in Changsha City, Hunan Province. It sells many kinds of German bread, cakes and coffee. It is very popular for the story of Becker who opened it.Over twenty years ago, Becker and his wife heard about a Chinese public project. It provided language training for the disabled children, but it was short of trainers in Changsha. So they came in 2002 with a common wish to do something meaningful in life.In Changsha together with other Chinese trainers, they helped children improve their hearing and language pronunciation. Every little progress each child experienced was a great encouragement to them, and they achieved their goal in life.After ten years of working for this project, they found that the disabled adults couldnt be independent because they had no professional skills. Then Becker and his wife set up a bread shop to teach these people how to make bread. With their help, all of them were able to live on their own.Luckily, Becker and his wife have also got the support from the local government. More people join them and understand that disabled people can work as well as others when they have the same chances.26. What makes Beckers bread shop popular according to the passage?A. Its owners story.B. Its quiet environment.C. Its strict rules.D. Its good location.27. How long have Becker and his wife lived in China?A. For about 10 years.B. For about 15 years.C. For about 20 years.D. For about 30 years.28. Who does the underlined word “ they ” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. The local people.B. Becker and his wife.C. The Chinese trainers.D. The disabled children.29. Where can we probably read the passage?A In a travel guide.B. In a notice.C. In a science report.D. In a magazine.30. Whats the best title for this passage?A. A Silent Bread ShopB. A Training CourseC. A Beautiful CityD. Delicious Local Food【答案】26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了Becker夫妇开设面包店帮助残疾人再就业的善行义举。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“It is very popular for the story of Becker who opened it”可知，这家面包店因贝克尔的故事而非常受欢迎，故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“So they came in 2002 with a common wish to do something meaningful in life”可知，来中国大约20年了，故选C。【28题详解】词义猜测题。根据“After ten years of working for this project, they found that the disabled adults couldnt be independent because they had no professional skills”可知，在为这个项目工作了十年之后，Becker夫妇发现这些残疾成年人不能独立，所以they指代“Becker and his wife”，故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。本文主要讲述了Becker夫妇开设面包店帮助残疾人再就业的善行义举，最有可能在杂志上看到此篇文章，故选D。【30题详解】最佳标题题。本文是由一家沉默的面包店Becker夫妇的善行义举引出了，所以最适合本文标题是“沉默的面包店”，故选A。BThe brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom (王国) Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horse back. Fat and heavy, one rabbits tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie the rabbits hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbits hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbits hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard.However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.31. Why did Meng Tian want to improve the pen?A. Because the king asked him to do so.B. Because he wanted to be an inventor.C. Because he didnt have silk to write on.D. Because the pen brought him much trouble.32. When did Meng think of the good idea in Paragraph 3?A. Before hunting animals.B. When he saw the trail.C. During cleaning the hair.D. After he wrote a report.33. Which is the right order of improving the brush pen?a. The brush pen could write well.b. Meng tied the rabbits hair to a stick.c. The special water washed the oil away.d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.A. b-d-a-cB. d-b-a-cC. b-d-c-aD. c-d-b-a34. How can the students understand Chinese culture better?A. By learning to use brush pens.B. By playing a role.C. By planting more bamboo.D. By inventing things.35. What can we learn from the passage?A. Make friends with animals.B. Value fantastic memories.C. Keep trying and never give up.D. Build a peaceful world.【答案】31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了蒙恬发明毛笔的历史故事。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.”可知，蒙恬想改进笔的原因是当时的笔给他带来了很多麻烦。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“one rabbits tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind when he saw it”可知，当他看到兔子尾巴在地上留下的痕迹时，他想出了好主意。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“On arriving home, he tied the rabbits hair to a stick.Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard.It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.”可知，正确的顺序是b. 蒙恬把兔子的毛发绑在一根棍子上；d. 蒙恬把棍子扔进了一个石洞里；c. 这种特殊的水把油冲掉了；a. 这支毛笔写起来很好用。即b-d-c-a，故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school.and helps them better understand Chinese culture.”可知，通过学习使用毛笔，学生能够更好地了解中国文化。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据“However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time.”和“Meng succeeded at last.”可知，虽然蒙恬发明毛笔的经过不太顺利，但他没有放弃，最终成功了，由此我们可以学到的是永不言弃的精神。故选C。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）阅读短文，将文后的五个选项还原到短文当中。Why do you need hobbies? A study has found that people are more positive (积极的) when they take part in a relaxing activity. _36_ Scientists also think they might be good for your brain.How do you choose the right hobby? Start with what you enjoyed in the past. Did you once play football? _37_ If you find it isnt for you, stop and tum to something new. Probably joining a class or a team will give you a chance to meet other people.Which relaxing activities are good for physical health? Its clear that exercise is going to be good for your body, for example walking. _38_ A review of 94 studies found that dancing three times a week improved balance in older people. Getting out in nature is helpful, whether youre hiking or doing something less active.Which hobbies keep your mind active? _39_ Playing the piano or listening to your favorite band can help you make it. Researches have found reading is also good for your brain._40_ So lets take up great hobbiesA. Dancing is wonderful exercise.B. Take it up again or start something else.C. Hobbies let you forget your worries and have fun.D. Learning an instrument and reading are the best choices.E. Other studies have shown that hobbies can give you a sense of achievement.【答案】36. E 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了爱好对身心的好处，如何培养爱好以及培养什么爱好。【36题详解】根据“A study has found that people are more positive (积极的) when they take part in a relaxing activity. ”可知，此处应提到的是研究的结论，E选项“其他研究表明，爱好可以给你成就感”符合，故选E。37题详解】根据“How do you choose the right hobby? Start with what you enjoyed in the past”可知，从你感兴趣的开始培养成一种爱好，B选项“再次培养它或开始别的爱好”符合，故选B。【38题详解】根据“Its clear that exercise is going to be good for your body, for example walking”和“dancing”可知，此处应介绍跳舞这种锻炼方式，A选项“跳舞是很好的运动”符合，故选A。【39题详解】根据“Which hobbies keep your mind