英语单词的重音规则.doc

七大特殊单词重音规则
1、 英语中派生词得重音与词根重音一致。 派生词就就是一些有同样词根得词。比如: act, active, actively 'pare 'parison
2、 带有下列后缀得词:ary, ery, ory, ism, ist, mony, ment, ary等,重音通常在第一个音节上。例如: customary scientist slavery factory realism
3、 带下列前缀得词:a, ab, ac, ad, al, be, con, de, dis, em, en, in, mis, re, tans, un重音通常在第二音节上。例如: a'bout ab'duce ac'cede ad'mire be'long con'sult de'tect dis'like
4、 带下列后缀得词:aim, ain, cur, eem, duce, ere, firm, gn, oin, oke, ose, pt, rce, self, ume重音通常在第二音节。 contain occur sincere design confirm
5、 带下列后缀得词:ade, ain, ee, eer, esque, ette, ique, ine, oon重音通常在最后一个音节。这些词一般都就是从法语中借来得词。例如: emplo'yee an'tique maga'zine ci'gar volun'teer gaso'line
6、 带下列后缀得词:eous, ial, ian, ic, ics, ient, ion, ious, ish, it, liar, sive, tal, uous重音通常在倒数第二音节上。例如: oc'casion re'lation as'tonish de'posit mu'sician
7. 但就是有些派生词,比如从名词派生出来得形容词,它得重音就得发生变化,通常就是后移。 例如: 'science scien'tific 'accident acci'dental 'democrat demo'cratic 'politics po'litical
其实,英语词汇得重音位置通常就是有规律得。例如:有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上;而做动词时,重音就落在第二音节上了。这些词汇常见得有:addict,accent,abstract,annex等。
可见,掌握好并读准单词得重音有一定得规律可循。
为了便于记忆与学习,现将部分规则按重音位置与字母顺序作如下归纳,并从理论上进行简要分析。
一、归类部分
.重音落在末音节得字母组合
①以ee结尾,读音为/i:/得词汇:
appellee chimpanzee conferee contestee decree drawee evacuee employee goatee grandee guarantee indictee inductee
②以act结尾,读音为/aekt/得词汇,多为动词:
contact contract detract distract exact enact intact interact
③air,aire或are结尾,读音为/eə/得:
affair concessionaire enclair millionaire aware prepare
④以ade结尾,读音为/eid/得词汇:
arcade brigade colonnade escalade escapade(exception:decade)
⑤以ane结尾,读音为/ein/得词汇:
inane insane profane humane
⑥以ceive结尾,读音为/si:v/得动词:
conceive deceive perceive receive
⑦以duce结尾,读音为/dju:s/得词汇:
conduce deduce induce introduce reduce reproduce subduce traduceseduce
⑧以ease结尾,读音为/zi:z/或/zi:s/得词汇:
appease decease decrease disease increase predecease release sublease surcease
⑨以een结尾,读音为/i:n/得名词:
colleen canteen pretteen Salween shagreen thirteen spalpeenvelevteen yestreen
⑩以eer结尾,读音为/niə/得名词:
cannoneer peer domineer engineer fronteer gadgeteer gazetterpamphleteer patrioteer
(11)以ect结尾,读音为/ekt/得动词:
affect bisect collect defect direct detect correct confect connectdisinfect eject elect
(12)以ede结尾,读音为/i:d/得动词:
accede antecede concede impede intercede precede recede retrocedesecede supercede
(13)以end结尾,读音为/end/得动词:
attend amend mend prehend contend defend depend extendintend represend subtend
(14)以el结尾,读音为/el/得词汇:
pel impel Nobel marcel propel rebel(v.)
(15)以ert结尾,读音为/ə:t/得词汇:
assert concert convert desert introvert subvert
(16)以ese结尾,读/i:s/或/i:z/得词汇:
Chinese Japanese Napalese sudanese telegraphese vietnamese
(17)以clude结尾,读音为/klu:d/得动词:
conclude exclude include occlude preclude seclude
(18)以esce结尾,读音为/es/得词汇:
coalesce deliquesce effloresce evanesce recrudesce
(19)以ess结尾,读音为/es/得动词:
press confess depress express impress profess redress represssuppress transgress
若不就是动词,以ess结尾,得词汇之重音位置不固定:
'progress 'congress pro'cess un'less
(20)以est结尾,读音为/est/得动词:
adjest congest contest digest infest protest suggest
(21)以ette结尾,读音为/et/得词汇:
cassette cigarette brunette coquette chemisette forssette frisettegazette grisette
(22)以form结尾,读音为/fɔ:m/得动词:
conform perform reform transform(但uniform就是名词)
(23)以ict结尾,读音为/ikt/得动词:
afflict conflict constrict contradict inflict predict restric
(24)以ide结尾,读音为/aid/得词汇:
aside astride beside confide divide provide reside subside
(25)以ign结尾,读音为/ain/得动词:
assign condign design consign resign
(26)以ire结尾,读音为/aiə/得动词:
conspire esquire expire desire inquire inspire require respire
(27)以lapse结尾,读音为/aeps/得词汇:
collapse prolapse relapse
(28)以mit结尾,读音为/mit/得词汇:
admit mit demit emit intermit omit permit pretermit remitsubmit transmit
(若就是名词,重音落在首音节,如:'limit 'summit 'vomit)
(29)以ort结尾,读音为/ɔ:t/得动词:
disport distort escort export import report retort support transport
(若就是名词,重音多落在首音节:escort export import bistort purport等。)
(30)以ore结尾,读音为/ɔ:/得词汇:
afore before deplore explore restore
(31)以pose结尾,读音为/pəuz/、/pəus/得动词:
depose depose expose impose interpose oppose indispose predispose propose suppose
(32)以scribe结尾,读音为/skraib/得词汇:
conscribe describe escribe prescribe subscribe transcribe
(33)以scend结尾,读音为/send/得词汇:
ascend condescend descend transcend
(34)以oon结尾,读音为/u:n/得词汇:
afternoon balloon buffoon cartoon cocoon decocoon dragoon festoongalloon octoroon pocaroon(exception:forenoon)
(35)以que结尾,读音为/k/得词汇:
antique boutique blottesque burlesque arabesque cacique critiquegrotesque Japanesque mystique
(36)以r结尾,现在分词与过去分词均要双写r(red,ring):
demur incur inter infer occur prefer recur refer transfer
(37)以uct结尾,读音为/akt/得词汇:
conduct construct deduct instruct obstruct product
(38)以ult结尾,读音为/alt/得词汇:
consult exult insult occult midcult result
(39)以ume结尾,读音为/ju:m/得词汇:
assume consume perfume presume subsume
(40)以use结尾,读音为/ju:s/或/ju:z/得词汇:
accuse confuse excuse perfuse refuse suffuse transfuse
(41)以ure结尾,读音为/juə/得词汇:
accure impure immure insecure insure inure mature obscure perdure procure secure(exceptions:'epicure 'manicure)
2.重音落在倒数第二个音节得字母组合:
①以ial结尾,读音为/ʃəl/、/iəl/或/jəl/得词汇:
/ʃəl/:confidential decrial existential impartial inferential inffluentialinitial prejudicial sacrificial substantial
/iəl/:authorial bimestrial colloquial gressorial material mercurialministerial motorial pictorial prefatorial tectorial visitorial
/jəl/:antimonial bicentennial colonial
②以ian结尾,读音为/ʃən/、/iən+n/、/j+n/得词汇:
/ʃən/:academician arithmetician acoustician electrician Eurasian Linguistician musician Persian politician practician
/iən/、/jən/:Cantabrigian collegian Colombian historian rosarian salutatorian subclavian
③以ia结尾,读音为/jə/得词汇:
国名、地名:Australia Ethiopia Indonesia Malaysia Mauritania Romania
医学:abulia achromatopsia acidemia acrophobia aerophobia bilharziainsomnia
其她:academia acedia cryptomeria razzia encyclopedia
④以ic结尾,读音为/ik/偶或包括以ics结尾得词汇:
atomatic atmospheric autarkic autographic ballistic climatic cosmeticenteric epidemic
⑤以ior结尾,读音为/i+/得词汇,形容词居多:
inferior junior posterior prior senior superior ulterior
⑥以it结尾,读音为/it/得词汇:
cohabit demerit discredit disfit decrepit deposit explicit dispiritdisinherit inspirit inherit inhabit inhibit reposit transit visit
⑦以scence(n.)或scent(adj)结尾:
acescence acquiescence deliquescence convalescence evanescence obsolescence reminiscence renascence decrescent marcescent pubescent recrudescent quiescent resipiscent suffrutescent
⑧以ion或sion结尾:
accusaion abolition confusion explosion decision impression persuasion excitation suggestion invitation
3.重音落在倒数第三个音节得字母组合:
①以fy结尾,读音为/fai/得动词:
acidify identify intensify emulsify lapidify personify qualify modifyprettify simplify transmogrify
②以ical结尾,读音为/ikl/得词汇:
academical chemical electrical political periodical encyclical teleological inimical theoretical technological
③以icide结尾,读音为/isaid/得词汇:
suicide aborticide acaricide foeticide fratricide herbicide infanticideliberticide uxoricide
④以itude结尾,读音为/itju:d/得词汇:
attitude decrepitude infinitude lassitude latitude platitude
⑤以ity结尾,读音为/iti/得词汇:
ability curiosity civility facility fragility opportunity personalitypossibility sensitivity simplicity speciality utility vanity whimsicality
⑥以graph或phy结尾,读音为/grəf/或/fi/得词汇:
aerography bibliography biography calligraphy chirography geographylexicography photography planography telegraphy theosophy philosophy
⑦以ology结尾,读音为/ɔlədʒ/得词汇:
aerology bibliology bryology crytology ecology Egyptology lexicologytechnology pestology psychology testaceology teleology theology zoology
⑧以otomy结尾,读音为/ɔtəmi/得词汇:
neurotomy tenotomy tracheotomy trichotomy
⑨以ular结尾,读音为/julə/得词汇:
biangular binocular consular insular intercelluar ocular orbicularpopular particular secular regular triangular
4.词汇加了前缀后得重读位置
①重读落在第一音节得词汇,加前缀后,重读位置不变:
'dazzle—be'dazzle 'operate—co'operate
'force—en'force 'logical—il'logical
'literate—il'literate 'constant—in'constant
②重读落在第二音节得词汇,加前缀后,原重读位置不受影响,但前缀得字母组合作为一个音节可重读或次重读:
pro'duce—'repro'duce
'graduate—'post'graduate
'national—'inter'national
im'pressionism—'neoimp'ressionism
(the only exception:'finite—'infinie)