胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象专家讲座.pptx

The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 基本病变影像征象胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第1页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Common Abnormal Imaging SignsCommon Abnormal Imaging Signs Trachea and bronchi Lungs PleuraPleura MediastinumMediastinum 胸部各种疾病在影像上均由基本征象组成胸部各种疾病在影像上均由基本征象组成胸部各种疾病在影像上均由基本征象组成胸部各种疾病在影像上均由基本征象组成 基本征象反应了病变病理学本质基本征象反应了病变病理学本质基本征象反应了病变病理学本质基本征象反应了病变病理学本质胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第2页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Trachea and Bronchi Stenosis and Stenosis and ObstructionObstruction Bronchiectasis（dilation）胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第3页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Stenosis and Stenosis and ObstructionObstruction 病因：管壁病变（炎症、肿瘤）病因：管壁病变（炎症、肿瘤）病因：管壁病变（炎症、肿瘤）病因：管壁病变（炎症、肿瘤）管腔内阻塞（异物、血块、分泌物）管腔内阻塞（异物、血块、分泌物）管腔内阻塞（异物、血块、分泌物）管腔内阻塞（异物、血块、分泌物）腔外压迫（肿块、肿大淋巴结、瘢痕）腔外压迫（肿块、肿大淋巴结、瘢痕）腔外压迫（肿块、肿大淋巴结、瘢痕）腔外压迫（肿块、肿大淋巴结、瘢痕）X X线显示间接征象：线显示间接征象：线显示间接征象：线显示间接征象：阻塞性肺气肿、肺不张、肺炎阻塞性肺气肿、肺不张、肺炎阻塞性肺气肿、肺不张、肺炎阻塞性肺气肿、肺不张、肺炎 CTCT显示管腔狭窄或闭塞原因显示管腔狭窄或闭塞原因显示管腔狭窄或闭塞原因显示管腔狭窄或闭塞原因 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第4页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 气管、支气管病变气管、支气管病变CT 管腔内管腔内结节、异物结节、异物结节、异物结节、异物 管壁增厚管壁增厚 管腔狭窄和闭塞管腔狭窄和闭塞 管腔扩张管腔扩张 周围结构异常周围结构异常周围结构异常周围结构异常胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第5页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Bronchial carcinoid胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第6页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第7页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺部病变肺部病变 Emphysema Emphysema 肺气肿肺气肿肺气肿肺气肿 Atelectasis Atelectasis 肺不张肺不张肺不张肺不张 Consolidation Consolidation 实实实实 变变变变 Calcification Calcification 钙钙钙钙 化化化化 Nodule&massNodule&mass 结节与肿块结节与肿块 A Air containing space&ir containing space&cavity 空腔与空洞空腔与空洞空腔与空洞空腔与空洞 Interstitial abnormalities abnormalities 肺间质病变肺间质病变肺间质病变肺间质病变胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第8页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University EmphysemaEmphysema 支气管狭窄支气管狭窄支气管狭窄支气管狭窄空气能被吸入、不能完全呼出空气能被吸入、不能完全呼出空气能被吸入、不能完全呼出空气能被吸入、不能完全呼出 肺泡过分充气、膨胀肺泡过分充气、膨胀肺泡过分充气、膨胀肺泡过分充气、膨胀 可伴有不可逆性肺泡壁破坏可伴有不可逆性肺泡壁破坏可伴有不可逆性肺泡壁破坏可伴有不可逆性肺泡壁破坏-肺大疱肺大疱肺大疱肺大疱（BullaeBullae）分分分分弥漫性弥漫性弥漫性弥漫性和和和和不足不足不足不足 CTCT显示病理分型显示病理分型显示病理分型显示病理分型胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第9页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第10页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Diffuse EmphysemaDiffuse Emphysema 双侧双侧肺野透明度增高肺野透明度增高 肺纹理降低肺纹理降低 可有肺大疱可有肺大疱 胸廓膨大、胸廓膨大、肋间隙增宽肋间隙增宽（桶状胸）（桶状胸）膈肌低平、心影狭长膈肌低平、心影狭长 侧位片显示胸骨后透亮区增宽侧位片显示胸骨后透亮区增宽胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第11页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Diffuse Emphysema Bilaterally hyperlucent lungsBilaterally hyperlucent lungs Reduced lung markingsReduced lung markings Bullae usually seenBullae usually seen Large thoracic volumeLarge thoracic volume（barrel chestbarrel chest）WidenedWidened intercostal spaces intercostal spaces Flattened hemidiaphragmsFlattened hemidiaphragms Narrow mediastinumNarrow mediastinum（heartheart shadow shadow）Lateral viewLateral view：increased retrosternal airspaceincreased retrosternal airspace胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第12页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Note bilateral flattening of the diaphragms and significant hyperinflation as demonstrated by visualization of 11 posterior ribs.胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第13页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第14页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第15页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 不足不足肺气肿肺气肿 肺肺肺肺野局部透亮度增加野局部透亮度增加 肺纹理降低肺纹理降低 患侧横膈下降患侧横膈下降 纵隔向对侧移位纵隔向对侧移位胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第16页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Localized Obstructive Emphysema胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第17页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University CT Centrilobular Panlobular Paraseptal胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第18页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Atelectasis 支气管完全闭塞致肺内气体降低、肺体积缩小支气管完全闭塞致肺内气体降低、肺体积缩小支气管完全闭塞致肺内气体降低、肺体积缩小支气管完全闭塞致肺内气体降低、肺体积缩小 Atelectasis may affect all or part of a lung.CT scans are additionally helpful in identifying and localizing an obstructing bronchial lesion,as does careful examination of the mediastinum,hilum,and pleura.胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第19页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 一侧全肺不张一侧全肺不张一侧全肺不张一侧全肺不张 患侧肺野致密不透光患侧肺野致密不透光患侧肺野致密不透光患侧肺野致密不透光 胸廓塌陷胸廓塌陷胸廓塌陷胸廓塌陷 肋间隙变窄肋间隙变窄肋间隙变窄肋间隙变窄 纵隔向患侧移位纵隔向患侧移位纵隔向患侧移位纵隔向患侧移位 对侧肺代偿性通气过分对侧肺代偿性通气过分对侧肺代偿性通气过分对侧肺代偿性通气过分 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第20页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University AtelectasisAtelectasis of an Entire Lung Opacification of the entire hemithoraxOpacification of the entire hemithorax Thoracic cage collapseThoracic cage collapse,ribs closer together An ipsilateral shift of the mediastinumAn ipsilateral shift of the mediastinum Compensatory hyperinflation of the normal sideCompensatory hyperinflation of the normal side 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第21页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University complete right lung atelectasis complete atelectasis of the left lung 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第22页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Right upper lobe collapse胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第23页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Right upper lobe collapse胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第24页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺叶肺不张肺叶肺不张肺叶肺不张肺叶肺不张 直接征象：直接征象：直接征象：直接征象：患侧肺叶体积缩小患侧肺叶体积缩小患侧肺叶体积缩小患侧肺叶体积缩小 叶间胸膜移位叶间胸膜移位叶间胸膜移位叶间胸膜移位 肺纹理聚拢肺纹理聚拢肺纹理聚拢肺纹理聚拢 间接征象间接征象间接征象间接征象 ：患侧膈肌抬高：患侧膈肌抬高：患侧膈肌抬高：患侧膈肌抬高 纵隔向患侧移位纵隔向患侧移位纵隔向患侧移位纵隔向患侧移位 肺门移位肺门移位肺门移位肺门移位 邻近肺叶肺代偿性通气过分邻近肺叶肺代偿性通气过分邻近肺叶肺代偿性通气过分邻近肺叶肺代偿性通气过分胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第25页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Lobar AtelectasisLobar Atelectasis Direct signs:Opacification of the collapsed lobe Displacement of fissures Lung markings(vessel，bronchi)gathering together Indirect signs:Elevation of the ipsilateral diaphragm Mediastinal shift toward the side of collapse Displacement of the hilum Compensatory hyperlucency of the remaining lobes 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第26页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Right middle lobe collapse胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第27页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第28页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第29页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University？左肺下叶不张左肺下叶不张胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第30页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第31页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University ConsolidationConsolidation 肺泡腔内气体被渗出液及细胞成份代替肺泡腔内气体被渗出液及细胞成份代替肺泡腔内气体被渗出液及细胞成份代替肺泡腔内气体被渗出液及细胞成份代替 炎症、结核、水肿、出血、肿瘤炎症、结核、水肿、出血、肿瘤炎症、结核、水肿、出血、肿瘤炎症、结核、水肿、出血、肿瘤 肺泡、肺小叶、肺段、肺叶肺泡、肺小叶、肺段、肺叶肺泡、肺小叶、肺段、肺叶肺泡、肺小叶、肺段、肺叶胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第32页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Alveolus,lobuluspatchy opacities 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第33页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 大片状实变阴影、大片状实变阴影、大片状实变阴影、大片状实变阴影、ConsolidationConsolidation胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第34页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺段、肺叶实变肺段、肺叶实变肺段、肺叶实变肺段、肺叶实变segmental or lobar alveolar consolidationsegmental or lobar alveolar consolidation胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第35页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 支气管充气征支气管充气征支气管充气征支气管充气征（Air bronchogram）在较大实变阴影内常可见含气支气管分支影在较大实变阴影内常可见含气支气管分支影在较大实变阴影内常可见含气支气管分支影在较大实变阴影内常可见含气支气管分支影Presence of air-filled bronchus within the consolidatory lung tissue 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第36页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Air bronchogram sign 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第37页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺肺 实实 变变 肺泡、肺小叶实变：边缘含糊斑点状、斑片状密度增高阴影肺泡、肺小叶实变：边缘含糊斑点状、斑片状密度增高阴影肺泡、肺小叶实变：边缘含糊斑点状、斑片状密度增高阴影肺泡、肺小叶实变：边缘含糊斑点状、斑片状密度增高阴影 肺段、肺叶实变：大片状密度增高阴影肺段、肺叶实变：大片状密度增高阴影肺段、肺叶实变：大片状密度增高阴影肺段、肺叶实变：大片状密度增高阴影 可见支气管充气征可见支气管充气征可见支气管充气征可见支气管充气征 实变肺体积无改变实变肺体积无改变实变肺体积无改变实变肺体积无改变胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第38页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第39页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Calcification 退变或坏死组织内钙盐沉积退变或坏死组织内钙盐沉积退变或坏死组织内钙盐沉积退变或坏死组织内钙盐沉积 边缘清楚高密度影边缘清楚高密度影边缘清楚高密度影边缘清楚高密度影 C TC T对钙化敏感对钙化敏感对钙化敏感对钙化敏感 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第40页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺结核肺结核肺结核肺结核 双上肺多发斑点状、斑块状钙化双上肺多发斑点状、斑块状钙化双上肺多发斑点状、斑块状钙化双上肺多发斑点状、斑块状钙化 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第41页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University HRCTpopcorn calcification错构瘤错构瘤错构瘤错构瘤 肿块内肿块内肿块内肿块内“爆米花爆米花爆米花爆米花”状钙化状钙化状钙化状钙化 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第42页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺癌肺癌 细沙粒状、点状钙化、少见细沙粒状、点状钙化、少见细沙粒状、点状钙化、少见细沙粒状、点状钙化、少见胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第43页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University RadioGraphics .28（5）1262Nasal AirwayA computed tomographic section(an inferior view with three-dimensional color rendering)across the human nasal passages shows the inferior turbinates(center)and the maxillary sinuses(in blue)on either side.By using his“rainbow technique”for color rendering,the author reveals beautiful rainbows in the nasopharynx(bottom).胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第44页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Nodule and MassNodule and Mass Discrete pulmonary opacity Nodule:smaller than 2 cm Mass :larger than 2 cm T Tumor and tumor-like lesionsumor and tumor-like lesions Appearance,margin,density,surrounding,pleura,etc.胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第45页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Benign Benign nodule calcificationhamartoma tuberculoma10%lung cancer胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第46页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Benign Benign nodule fathamartoma胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第47页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Benign Benign nodule well-circumscribed,smooth borders well-circumscribed,smooth borders（AVMAVM）胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第48页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 卫星病灶良性结节良性结节良性结节良性结节裂隙样空洞、卫星灶、厚壁引流支气管裂隙样空洞、卫星灶、厚壁引流支气管裂隙样空洞、卫星灶、厚壁引流支气管裂隙样空洞、卫星灶、厚壁引流支气管胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第49页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Benign nodule well-circumscribed,smooth borders Benign nodule well-circumscribed,smooth borders （inflammatory pseudotumorinflammatory pseudotumor）胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第50页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Benign Nodule or MassBenign Nodule or Mass 形态：形态：形态：形态：圆形、椭圆形、无分叶、普通较小圆形、椭圆形、无分叶、普通较小圆形、椭圆形、无分叶、普通较小圆形、椭圆形、无分叶、普通较小 边缘：边缘：边缘：边缘：清楚光滑、无毛刺清楚光滑、无毛刺清楚光滑、无毛刺清楚光滑、无毛刺 密度：常见钙化、可见脂肪、裂隙样空洞（结核球）密度：常见钙化、可见脂肪、裂隙样空洞（结核球）密度：常见钙化、可见脂肪、裂隙样空洞（结核球）密度：常见钙化、可见脂肪、裂隙样空洞（结核球）周围：周围：周围：周围：结核球有卫星灶结核球有卫星灶结核球有卫星灶结核球有卫星灶 胸膜：胸膜：胸膜：胸膜：胸膜增厚胸膜增厚胸膜增厚胸膜增厚 随诊：生长迟缓、随诊随诊：生长迟缓、随诊随诊：生长迟缓、随诊随诊：生长迟缓、随诊2 2年以上无改变、年以上无改变、年以上无改变、年以上无改变、炎症改变快速炎症改变快速炎症改变快速炎症改变快速 结核球、错构瘤、炎性假瘤、肺腺瘤结核球、错构瘤、炎性假瘤、肺腺瘤结核球、错构瘤、炎性假瘤、肺腺瘤结核球、错构瘤、炎性假瘤、肺腺瘤胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第51页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第52页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第53页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Malignant nodule nodule Lobulation 细小深分叶或锯齿状，似桑葚细小深分叶或锯齿状，似桑葚细小深分叶或锯齿状，似桑葚细小深分叶或锯齿状，似桑葚 肿瘤生长速度不均肿瘤生长速度不均肿瘤生长速度不均肿瘤生长速度不均 肿瘤生长阻力不一样肿瘤生长阻力不一样肿瘤生长阻力不一样肿瘤生长阻力不一样 小叶间隔纤维限制生长小叶间隔纤维限制生长小叶间隔纤维限制生长小叶间隔纤维限制生长胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第54页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Malignant nodule nodule Spiculation 浓密、僵硬短细毛刺，似绒球浓密、僵硬短细毛刺，似绒球 肿瘤浸润性生长肿瘤浸润性生长肿瘤浸润性生长肿瘤浸润性生长 肿瘤周围间质反应肿瘤周围间质反应肿瘤周围间质反应肿瘤周围间质反应胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第55页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Malignant nodule nodule 月晕征月晕征 周围环以磨玻璃样影周围环以磨玻璃样影 肿瘤细胞浸润肿瘤细胞浸润肿瘤细胞浸润肿瘤细胞浸润 出血性梗死出血性梗死出血性梗死出血性梗死 （见周围型肺癌章节）（见周围型肺癌章节）（见周围型肺癌章节）（见周围型肺癌章节）胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第56页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 小泡征（小泡征（小泡征（小泡征（vacuole sign）支气管充气征支气管充气征支气管充气征支气管充气征 肺结节内肺结节内肺结节内肺结节内直径约直径约直径约直径约1-1-1-1-数数数数mmmmmmmm小泡状、小泡状、小泡状、小泡状、轨道状空气密度影轨道状空气密度影轨道状空气密度影轨道状空气密度影 肿瘤内残余肺泡或小支气管肿瘤内残余肺泡或小支气管肿瘤内残余肺泡或小支气管肿瘤内残余肺泡或小支气管 多见于腺癌和肺泡癌多见于腺癌和肺泡癌多见于腺癌和肺泡癌多见于腺癌和肺泡癌 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第57页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University （支气管）血管集束征（支气管）血管集束征（支气管）血管集束征（支气管）血管集束征convergence of bronchovascular structureconvergence of bronchovascular structure 一支或数支肺小血管受牵拉向病灶聚拢移位、在病灶处中止或贯通病灶一支或数支肺小血管受牵拉向病灶聚拢移位、在病灶处中止或贯通病灶一支或数支肺小血管受牵拉向病灶聚拢移位、在病灶处中止或贯通病灶一支或数支肺小血管受牵拉向病灶聚拢移位、在病灶处中止或贯通病灶Vascular convergence sign 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第58页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸膜凹陷征胸膜凹陷征 pleural indentation病灶与胸膜间病灶与胸膜间“V”形或索条状致密影形或索条状致密影病理基础：肿瘤内瘢痕收缩造成胸膜内陷病理基础：肿瘤内瘢痕收缩造成胸膜内陷以腺癌和细支气管肺泡癌多见以腺癌和细支气管肺泡癌多见 见185页胸膜病变胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第59页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第60页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 病灶胸壁侧小片状浸润病灶胸壁侧小片状浸润病灶胸壁侧小片状浸润病灶胸壁侧小片状浸润胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第61页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 壁结节壁结节 空洞：内壁不规则、壁结节空洞：内壁不规则、壁结节 mural nodule胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第62页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 肺癌增强：轻中度均匀或不均匀强化肺癌增强：轻中度均匀或不均匀强化肺癌增强：轻中度均匀或不均匀强化肺癌增强：轻中度均匀或不均匀强化 比平扫增加比平扫增加比平扫增加比平扫增加15-20HU15-20HU15-20HU15-20HU 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第63页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Malignant Nodules or Mass 形态：形态：形态：形态：分叶状或切迹、可很大分叶状或切迹、可很大分叶状或切迹、可很大分叶状或切迹、可很大 边缘：边缘：边缘：边缘：放射状短细毛刺、月晕征放射状短细毛刺、月晕征放射状短细毛刺、月晕征放射状短细毛刺、月晕征 密度：可均匀、小泡征、空洞密度：可均匀、小泡征、空洞密度：可均匀、小泡征、空洞密度：可均匀、小泡征、空洞 周围：支气管血管集束征、胸壁侧小片影周围：支气管血管集束征、胸壁侧小片影周围：支气管血管集束征、胸壁侧小片影周围：支气管血管集束征、胸壁侧小片影 胸膜胸膜胸膜胸膜:胸膜凹陷征胸膜凹陷征胸膜凹陷征胸膜凹陷征 增强：轻中度均匀或不均匀强化增强：轻中度均匀或不均匀强化增强：轻中度均匀或不均匀强化增强：轻中度均匀或不均匀强化 转移：转移：转移：转移：淋巴结肿大、侵犯邻近结构淋巴结肿大、侵犯邻近结构淋巴结肿大、侵犯邻近结构淋巴结肿大、侵犯邻近结构 随诊：随诊：随诊：随诊：2-62-6月增加显著（早期或瘢痕癌除外）月增加显著（早期或瘢痕癌除外）月增加显著（早期或瘢痕癌除外）月增加显著（早期或瘢痕癌除外）胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第64页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第65页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Air Containing SpaceAir Containing Space 肺内生理腔隙病理性扩张肺内生理腔隙病理性扩张肺内生理腔隙病理性扩张肺内生理腔隙病理性扩张 Abnormal enlargement of primary Abnormal enlargement of primary intrapulmonary interspacesintrapulmonary interspaces 肺大疱、含气肺囊肿、囊状支扩肺大疱、含气肺囊肿、囊状支扩肺大疱、含气肺囊肿、囊状支扩肺大疱、含气肺囊肿、囊状支扩 边缘清楚光滑、边缘清楚光滑、边缘清楚光滑、边缘清楚光滑、厚约厚约厚约厚约1mm1mm类圆形透明区类圆形透明区类圆形透明区类圆形透明区 Air Containing Space and Air Containing Space and Cavity胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第66页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第67页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 空空空空 腔腔腔腔胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第68页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Air crescent sign胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第69页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第70页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University 囊状支气管扩张囊状支气管扩张囊状支气管扩张囊状支气管扩张胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第71页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Cavity 病变内发生坏死，坏死组织经支气管排出后形成病变内发生坏死，坏死组织经支气管排出后形成 多见于肺结核、肺脓肿、肺癌多见于肺结核、肺脓肿、肺癌 空洞壁为坏死、肉芽、纤维组织、肿瘤空洞壁为坏死、肉芽、纤维组织、肿瘤 大小形态不一样、有完整洞壁透明区大小形态不一样、有完整洞壁透明区 分为：分为：虫蚀样空洞虫蚀样空洞 Worm-eaten cavity 薄壁空洞薄壁空洞 Thin-walled cavity 厚壁空洞厚壁空洞 Thick-walled cavity 胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第72页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Moth-eaten Cavity 大片坏死组织中多发小空洞大片坏死组织中多发小空洞 大片阴影内多发小透明区如虫蚀状大片阴影内多发小透明区如虫蚀状 见于结核见于结核干酪性肺炎干酪性肺炎胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第73页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Thin-walled Cavity 洞壁较薄、小于洞壁较薄、小于洞壁较薄、小于洞壁较薄、小于3mm3mm 边缘清楚、内壁光滑边缘清楚、内壁光滑边缘清楚、内壁光滑边缘清楚、内壁光滑 多多多多见于肺结核（卫星灶见于肺结核（卫星灶见于肺结核（卫星灶见于肺结核（卫星灶）胸部各种疾病基本病变影像征象第74页The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Thic