初一上册人教版初中语法英语单项选择（50题）讲解及解析.doc

初一上册人教版初中语法英语单项选择（50题）讲解及解析
一、选择题
1．— What about the party last night?
— It was______ great success. I think it’s _______ great pity that you didn’t attend it.
A．/; the B．a;a
C．/;a D．a; the
2．—What________exciting news report Tom wrote! I think I should read it to all of you.
—Really? What________good advice it is!
A．\; a B．an; a C．an; \ D．\; \
3．We all know the Earth is ________ only home to everyone. Let’s try to make it ________ greener world to live in.
A．the; a B．/; the C．/; a D．the; the
二、选择题
4．The girl got a new bike from her father and she loves ________ colour very much.
A．it B．itself C．its D．it’s
5．— There are more TV series than before.
— That’s true. But ________ was to my taste. I prefer westerns.
A．all B．few C．some D．none
6．It’s known to all that the Chinese are famous for ________ hard work and wisdom.
A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
三、选择题
7．A city is the ________ of the human hand and mind, showing man’s wisdom and creativity.
A．product B．process C．pride D．possibility
8．—Wow, you play the violin so well!
—Thank you, but that’s the only musical ________ I can play.
A．instruction B．instrument C．introduction D．invention
9．The man next door is a ________ to Bruce. He doesn’t even know the neighbor’s name.
A．stranger B．volunteer C．trainer D．teacher
四、选择题
10．— You see, more and more cows are getting sick.
—If the problem is so ________, the farm will be closed from tomorrow on.
A．heavy B．popular C．strong D．serious
五、选择题
11．— Excuse me, which is the way to Kaiming Middle School?
— ________ this street, and you’ll find it on your right.
A．Write down B．Go down C．Lie down D．Sit down
12．My brother often _________ his spare time to help me with my spoken English.
A．puts up B．gives up C．opens up D．tidies up
六、选择题
13．—Must I finish all my homework today, Mum?
—No, you ________, my dear. You can finish some tomorrow if you like.
A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
14．— Ready? Let’s get started, Martin.
— Swimming? I just ________ get used to it in winter.
A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
15．Think twice before making a decision, or you __________ get into trouble.
A．may B．can't C．shouldn't D．mustn't
七、选择题
16．“The Belt Road (一带一路) has improved the trade between China and other countries.” “So it has. ___ exciting news for people all over the world!”
A．How an B．What an C．How D．What
17．— _________ happy John looks! He won the first prize in the English speech competition．
— _________ great progress he has made! His English used to be pretty bad．
A．How a; What B．How; What a C．What a; How D．How; What
八、选择题
18．The superheroes, such as Spider Man and Iron Man, ________ by Stan Lee when he was alive.
A．are created B．have been created C．will be created D．were created
九、选择题
19．—Do you have any plan for this Sunday?
—Yes, I ______ shopping with my friends．
A．go B．am going
C．went D．have gone
20．Some researches have proved that water quality ____ due to too many dams and pumps in some areas.
A．has been declined B．is being declined
C．is declining D．had been declining
21．Be quiet! The students ________ an English exam.
A．take B．are taking C．took D．have made
22．—What’s the terrible noise?
—The students ________ for a party.
A．have prepared B．are preparing C．prepare D．will prepare
23．—I _____to Beijing tomorrow.
—Have a good trip!
A．flies B．fly C．am flying D．flew
十、选择题
24．I like dancing, ______ I don’t have enough time to practice it.
A．or B．so C．but D．because
25．Hurry up, you can’t finish the work on time.
A．and B．so C．but D．or
十一、选择题
26．—Excuse me. Do you know ________
—Yes. You can go to Furong Street.
A．where I can get some local snacks B．where does the boy come from
C．when can we travel to Hong Kong D．when did Jimmy come to Jinan
27．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________ change some money, please?
—Of course. Walk along the street to the end and you can find a bank.
A．where I can B．where can I C．where I was able to D．where was I able to
28．I want to know more about Hong Kong. Can you tell me ________?
A．when did it return to China B．when it returned to China
C．when does it return to China D．when it returns to China
29．Tom was not listening carefully, so he failed to hear ________.
A．what the teacher said B．how the teacher said
C．what did the teacher say D．how did the teacher say
30．—Miss Liu, can you tell me ________?
—We get together to enjoy the moon and eat moon cakes.
A．why do you like the Chinese New Year best
B．how do you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C．how Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year
D．what Chinese people do on the Mid-Autumn Festival
31．--- Judy, could you tell me_______the schoolbag?
--- Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet.
A．where did you buy B．where will you buy
C．where you bought D．where you will buy
十二、选择题
32．—Why don’t you join in a club to practise speaking English?
—________.
A．That’s a good idea B．Never mind C．Yes, please D．Thank you
33．—I find it really unwise to go travelling during May Day holiday.
—________! Wherever you go, it’s crowded with cars and people.
A．Not exactly B．Forget it C．You said it D．It depends
十三、选择题
34．—My eyesight is getting worse these days. I'd like to have my eyes________.
—Perhaps you should consider ________the time on the computer.
A．checked; reducing B．to check; reducing
C．checked; to reduce D．checking; to reduce
35．－Look! So many people are walking into the museum. What are on show?
－Some 3D pictures by some modern artists.
A．draws B．drew C．drawn D．drawing
36．—What do you remember about Grade 7?
―I remember________a prize in the school writing competition.
A．to win B．win C．winning D．won
37．We often see young couples go________ with their dogs along the lakeside paths at the weekend.
A．jogging B．boating C．skiing D．swimming
38．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets.
—But the film is really worth _________ twice.
A．managing; seeing B．to manage; seeing
C．managing; being seen D．managed; to see
39．_______ trees is a long-term project. Let's take good care of these trees we plant and wait for them to grow up.
A．Plants B．Planted C．Plant D．Planting
40．Smart phones ________ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A．made B．are made C．to make D．making
十四、选择题
41．—Where is Simon? We can’t find him at the party.
—Perhaps he ________ home.
A．has gone B．is going C．went D．was going
42．—Are you still in the office? It’s almost ten o’clock.
—Yeah, I ________ my work. But don’t worry. There’s nothing much left.
A．don’t finish B．didn’t finish C．won’t finish D．haven’t finished
43．— I think the man over there must be Douglas.
— It ________ be him. He has ________ to Australia.
A．can’t, gone B．can’t, been C．may not, been D．mustn’t, gone
十五、选择题
44．Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us.
A．bothers B．had bothered C．would bother D．bothered
45．Many a woman______ important positions in society, which________impossible in the past．
A．holds; was B．hold ; were C．held; was D．holding; were
46．—Have you ever visited Russia, Wilson?
一Yes, I have. I ________there last summer for two weeks.
A．studied B．was studying C．have studied D．studies
十六、选择题
47．—You look smart in the T­shirt ________ your daughter bought for you.
—Thanks a lot.
A．which B．who C．whom D．whose
48．Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A．where B．who C．what D．which
49．According to the survey, women ________drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than ________who don’t.
A．who； that B．/； these
C．who； those D．/ ； /
50．—Have you seen my watch anywhere, Lucy?
—Is it the one your uncle bought for you in Hong Kong?
A．who B．what C．that D．when
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查冠词和固定句型。句意：——昨晚的聚会怎么样?——这是一个巨大的成功。我认为你没有参加真是太遗憾了。第一个空泛指“一个巨大的成功”，great的首字母发音是辅音，所以用不定冠词a；it’s a great pity that真遗憾…该句型是固定句型，所以第二个空填a，故选B。
2．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——汤姆写的新闻报道真令人兴奋！我想我应该读给大家听。——真的吗？多好的建议啊！
考查冠词。a/ an一个，不定冠词，表示泛指；/零冠词；根据句意理解可知，第一空修饰的是名词report，是一个可数名词，所以需要用冠词修饰，而空格后的词exciting是一个元音音标开头的单词，所以应该用an，而第二空修饰的是名词advice，是一个不可数名词，不可数名词前不需要用冠词，所以这里填零冠词，故选C。
【点睛】
不定冠词用在单数可数名词，表示泛指或数量“一”。a/ an的用法要根据所修饰单词的发音来判断而不是字母。元音音标开头的单词用an，辅音音标开头的单词用a。比如：an apple，an important meeting，a useful book，a university
3．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：我们都知道地球是我们唯一的家园。让我们努力使它成为一个更绿色的居住世界吧。
考查冠词的用法。不定冠词a/an表示“一”的意义，其中a用于以辅音音素开头的词前，an用于以元音音素开头的词前。定冠词the表示特指，可译为“这个（些）；那个（些）”。/表示零冠词，即不填。only作形容词表示“唯一的；仅有的”，前面常加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词，所以第一空填the。第二空表示“一个更绿色的世界”，且greener以辅音音素开头，所以填a。故选A。
二、选择题
4．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：女孩从爸爸那得到一辆新自行车，她非常喜欢它的颜色。
考查代词辨析。it它，人称代词；itself它自己，反身代词；its它的；it’s它是。此空修饰名词colour，用形容词性物主代词。故选C。
5．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——现在的电视剧比以前多了。——这是真的。但都不合我的口味。我更喜欢西方电视剧。
考查不定代词。all都；few没有多少；some一些；none一个也没有。根据“but”及“I prefer westerns”可知，没有一个是自己喜欢的，故选D。
6．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：众所周知，中国人以勤劳和智慧而闻名。
考查代词辨析。they他们，人称代词主格形式；them他们，人称代词宾格形式；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。空后“hard work and wisdom”是两个并列的名词，该空应用形容词性物主代词，作定语，修饰名词。故选C。
三、选择题
7．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：城市是人的手和心灵的产物，展示着人的智慧和创造力。
考查名词辨析。product产物；process过程；pride骄傲；possibility可能性。根据“A city is the...of the human hand and mind”可知，此处表示城市是人的手和心灵的产物。故选A。
8．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——哇，你小提琴拉得太好了！——谢谢，但那是我唯一能演奏的乐器。
考查名词辨析。instruction指令；instrument器具，乐器；introduction引进；invention发明。小提琴是一种乐器； musical instrument“乐器”。故选B。
9．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：隔壁的那个人对布鲁斯来说是陌生人。他连邻居的名字都不知道。
考查名词辨析。stranger陌生人；volunteer志愿者；trainer训练员；teacher老师。根据“He doesn’t even know the neighbor’s name.”可知，二人是陌生人，故选A。
四、选择题
10．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——你看，越来越多的奶牛生病了。——如果问题如此严重，明天起这个农场将会关闭。
考查形容词辨析及语境。heavy重的；popular受欢迎的，流行的；strong强壮的；serious严重的，严肃的。If从句中的主语是the problem“问题”，因此这里表示“问题很严重”。故选D。
五、选择题
11．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——请问，去开明中学怎么走？——沿着这条街走，你会发现它在你的右边。
考查动词短语。Write down写下；Go down下去；Lie down躺下；Sit down坐下；根据“which is the way to Kaiming Middle School?”及“this street”可知，此处是问路，回答应该是沿着这条街走下去，故选B。
12．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：我的哥哥经常放弃空余时间来帮助我的英语口语。
考查动词短语。puts up张贴；gives up放弃；opens up开封；tidies up收拾。根据“his spare time to help me with my spoken English”可知此处用动词短语gives up表示“放弃空余的时间”。故选B。
六、选择题
13．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——妈妈，我必须今天完成所有作业吗？——不，你不必，亲爱的。如果你喜欢，你可以明天完成一些。
考查情态动词。needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止。must引导的一般疑问句否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to，故选A。
14．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——准备好了吗？我们开始吧，马丁。——游泳？我只是不能习惯冬天游泳。
考查情态动词。can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据get used to it in winter“习惯冬天游泳”可知，应该是“不能”习惯冬泳，用can’t，故答案选A。
15．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：做决定前要三思，否则你可能会惹上麻烦。
考查情态动词。may可能；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t不允许；根据语境理解可知，此处表达的是“可能”，是一种不太肯定的推测，英语用may，故选A。
七、选择题
16．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：“一带一路”增进了中国和其他国家的贸易。的确如此。对全世界的人们来说是多么激动人心的消息。
考查感叹句用法。感叹句中修饰名词用what，排除A和C；名词news是不可数名词，不用冠词，故选D。
17．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：约翰看起来多快乐啊！他在英语演讲比赛中得了一等奖。他取得了多大的进步啊！他的英语以前很差。考查感叹句what和how的用法。1. what + a/an + 单数可数名词或名词短语。如：What a nice girl! What an interesting book! 2. what + 可数名词复数/名词短语或不可数名词。如：What clever children! What terrible weather! 3. how + 形容词/副词 如：How beautiful! How slowly! Happy为形容词要用How， great progress名词短语progress不可数名词要用What，故选D。
【点睛】
感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感.英语感叹句常用"what"和"how"引导,"what"和"how"与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序.
一、 由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是:
what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).
如:
① What a clever girl she is!多么聪明的姑娘呀!
② What an interesting story it is!多么有趣的故事呀!
③ What good children they are!他们是多么好的孩子呀!
④ What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花呀!
⑤ What delicious food it is!多么有味的食物呀!
⑥ What heavy snow it is!多么大的雪呀!
二、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分).如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词, 则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:
How + adj (adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).
如:① How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀!
② How nice the pictures are!
多么漂亮的图画呀!
③ How happy they look!他们显得多么高兴呀!
④ How well she sings!她唱得多好呀!
⑤ How hard they are working now!他们干得多么起劲呀!
三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹句既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导.如:
① What a hot day it is! How hot the day is! 多么热的天气呀!
② What tall buildings they are!
How tall the buildings are!
多么高的楼房呀!③ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is!
多么糟糕的天气呀!
④ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is!多么明媚的阳光啊!
四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲.
如:① What a fine day!多么晴朗的天呀!
② What an honest boy!多么诚实的孩子呀!
③ What red apples!多么红的苹果呀!
④ How cool!好凉快呀!
八、选择题
18．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：像钢铁侠和蜘蛛侠的超级英雄是被斯坦·李在活着的时候创造的。
考查被动语态。根据“when he was alive.”可知时态是一般过去时，主语“The superheroes”与“create”之间是被动关系，可推测出是一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
九、选择题
19．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：句意:---这个星期天你有计划吗?—是的，我要和朋友一起去购物.这里用be doing现在进行时表示一般将来时,所以选B。
考点：考查时态
20．C
解析：C
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词的时态。句意： 许多研究表明，水的质量由于过度开采而下降。根据语境提到研究表明，这个问题正在发生，故用现在进行时，故选C项。
考点 : 考查动词的时态
21．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：安静点！学生们正在参加英语考试。
考查现在进行时。根据语境可知，为了让对方安静下来，此句应强调学生现在正在考试这个事情；强调此刻正在进行的动作，时态应用现在进行时，其构成为“be doing”。故选B。
22．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——那个糟糕的噪音是什么？——学生们正在准备聚会。
考查时态。根据语境可知，此处指的应该是正在准备做某事，表示正在进行的动作要用现在进行时，结构是“am/ is/ are doing”，主语students是复数，be动词用are，故选B。
23．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——明天我将坐飞机去北京。——祝你旅途愉快。
考查一般将来时。结构为：主语+will/shall+动词原形、主语+am/is/are+动名词。根据 tomorrow及选项，可知谓语构成用am+ flying，表示将来。flies是fly的第三人称单数形式；fly是动词原形；flew是fly的过去式。结合语境及选项，故选C。
十、选择题
24．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：我喜欢跳舞，但我没有足够的时间练习。
A. or连词，或者；B. so连词，所以、那么； C. but连词，但是；D. because连词，因为。前文“喜欢跳舞”与后文“没有足够的时间练习”之间是转折关系。故选C。
25．D
解析：D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：快点，否则你就不能按时完成工作。A．And和； B. So因此； C. But但是； D．Or否则，根据句意是“否则”的意思，故选D。
考点：考查连词的用法
十一、选择题
26．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——打扰一下，你知道哪里可以买到当地的小吃吗？——是的，你可以去芙蓉街。
考查宾语从句。where I can get some local snacks 我在哪里可以买到当地的小吃，陈述语序；where does the boy come from这个男孩来自哪里，疑问语序；when can we travel to Hong Kong 我们什么时候可以去香港，疑问语序；when did Jimmy come to Jinan吉米什么时候来济南，疑问语序。根据句意可知，空出的句子是宾语从句，应用陈述语序。故选A。
27．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——打扰一下。你能告诉我在哪里可以兑换一些钱吗？——当然。沿着这条街一直走到尽头，你就能找到一家银行。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故排除B、D两项。“Could you please tell me”表请求建议，结合“Walk along the street…”可知，此处是给别人指路，动作尚未发生，故从句不能用过去时态，故排除C选项。故选A。
28．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：我想更多地了解香港。你能告诉我它什么时候回归中国的吗？
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和C选项。“香港回归中国”发生在过去，从句用一般过去时，故选B。
29．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：汤姆没有认真听，所以他没听到老师说的话。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述句的语序，排除C/D；根据“Tom was not listening carefully,”可知，汤姆没听到老师说的话。因此是由what引导的宾语从句。故选A。
30．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——刘小姐，你能告诉我中国人在中秋节做什么？——我们在一起赏月吃月饼。
考查宾语从句。根据“enjoy the moon and eat moon cakes”可知是中秋节。“tell me”后面是宾语从句，是陈述句的语序， “疑问词+主语+谓语动词”的结构。D选项“what Chinese people do on the Mid-Autumn Festival中国人在中秋节做什么”的语序正确和意义符合。故选D。
31．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：---朱蒂，你能告诉我你在哪里买的书包吗？------哦，是的。我在网上的一家商店买的。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，根据回答I bought it in a store on the Internet.的时态是过去式结合语境可知从句时态要用过去式，书包已经买完了。A和B是疑问句语序，排除，D是将来时排除，结合句意和语境可知选C。
十二、选择题
32．A
【详解】
句意：——为什么不加入一个俱乐部练习说英语呢？——那是个好主意。
考查情景交际。That’s a good idea那是个好主意；Never mind没关系；Yes, please是的
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——为什么不加入一个俱乐部练习说英语呢？——那是个好主意。
考查情景交际。That’s a good idea那是个好主意；Never mind没关系；Yes, please是的，请；Thank you谢谢。根据“Why don’t you join in a club to practise speaking English?”可知，此处是对“加入一个英语俱乐部”的建议表示赞同。故选A。
33．C
【详解】
句意：——我发现在五一假期期间去