中考英语非谓语动词专项讲解与训练.doc

中考英语非谓语动词专项讲解与训练
非谓语动词一 (动词不定式）
句法功能
说明

例句
主语
动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，把不定式置后。
To learn English well is not easy for me. ＝ It's not easy for me to learn English well.
表语
动词不定式置于be 动词后作表语，大多情况下，不定式作表语，可转化为作主语
My duty is to finish the work on time. ＝ To finish the work on time is my duty.
宾语
要注意一些表示命令、打算或希望的动词(hope, wish, decide, plan, expect...)只能用不定式作宾语
They decided to give up taking the college entrance examination
宾补
不定式作宾补时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系；一些使役动词和感官动词后的不定式要省略to
make /let sb do.
watch/see/notice/hear sb do sth
She asked me not to speak Chinese in English class.
The boss made them work the whole night.
定语
动词不定式作定语，位于名词后，并与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系；若是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加适当的介词
Have you got anything to say?
There is nothing to worry about.

状语
动词不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和主语一致，可表目的，结果及原因
作目的状语可置于句子前，用逗号隔开。
Every morning he gets up early to exercise.
He returned home to learn that his son had gone to the countryside.
考点考法
1. 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not。 如：
My mother decided not to have a trip to Yunnan with me. 我妈妈决定不和我去云南旅游了。
2.不定式可以和疑问词who, which, what, how, where，when连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。如：
Could you tell me how to operate this machine? 你能告诉我怎样操作这台机器吗？
3.动词不定式的句型或结构考查
① It＋be＋adj.＋of＋sb.＋to do sth.意为“某人能做某事真是太……了”。
此句型中的形容词通常是表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如：good，kind，nice，wise，clever，foolish，right，wrong，careful，careless等。如：
It's very wise of you to do it ahead of time. 你提前做了那件事真是太明智了。
.② It＋be＋adj.＋for＋sb.＋to do sth.意为“对……来说做某事真是太……了”。
这些形容词通常是表示客观情况的形容词。如：easy，hard，difficult，important，necessary，impossible，interesting等。如：
It's necessary for us to take a map when traveling. 对我们来说，旅行的时候带一张地图是有必要的。
③ too...to do结构, in order to do 结构enough to do结构
too...to结构意为“太……而不能”，enough to结构意为“足够……以至于能……”。如：
The water is too hot to drink. 水太烫了不能喝。In order to do 为了--
.④ 主语＋think/find/feel/ believe/consider等＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.＋其他，意为“某人认为/发现做某事……”。如：
I think it easy to finish the paper in three hours. 我认为三个小时完成这篇文章是很简单的
非谓语动词二 (动名词）
句法功能
说明
例句
主语
谓语动词用单数形式
Drinking cold water is not good for your health.
动词宾语

表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作
Susan dislikes wearing school uniform on Mondays.
介词宾语
Stamps are used for sending letters.
表语

多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化为主语
My hobby is playing chess.＝Playing chess is my hobby.
定语

只表明所修饰词的用途、所属关系等，位于修饰词前
—Would you like to go to the reading room with me?
—Yes, I'd like to.
中考要点
① 有些动词或词组后常跟动名词作宾语，常见的有：
finish(完成)，practice(实践)，worth(值得)，be busy doing （忙于），keep(继续)，be used to(习惯于)，give up(放弃)，consider(考虑)，can't help(忍不住；情不自禁), feel like(想要), miss(错过)，imagine(想象)，mind(介意)，avoid(避免)，enjoy(喜欢；享受)，have fun(玩得开心)，look forward to(期待)suggest (建议）
巧思妙记
完成实践值得忙；
继续习惯别放弃；
考虑建议不禁想；
喜欢思念想象要介意
（2）有些动词或动词短语跟动名词或动词不定式都可，但意义不同。
stop to do 停止做某事后去做另一件事。 / stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事 / forget doing sth忘记已经做过的事情
remember to do sth 记住要去做某事 / remember doing sth记住已经做过的事情
regret to do sth 遗憾要去做某事 / regret doing sth 遗憾做了某事
go on to do sth做完一件事情，接着做另一件事情 / go on doing sth 继续做同一件事情
mean to do sth 打算做某事情 / mean doing sth意味着做某事情
非谓语动词三 (过去分词）
句法功能
例句
表语
The door remained locked. 门还是锁着的。
定语
The car bought last year looks like a new one.
去年买的那辆车看起来像新的。
状语
Heated water changes into steam. 热水变成了蒸汽。
宾补
I heard my name called. 我听到有人叫我的名字。
特别注意
英语中过去分词作宾补(此时的过去分词一般为及物动词)表示被动或完成的意义，有时两者兼有。作宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：
She found a gift bought by her friend in America. (宾补与宾语有被动关系，表示一种状态)
拓展提示
①“make＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词形式的动词必须是表示结果的含义。如：The old man really can’t make himself understood clearly.
② 过去分词用在感官动词watch, notice, see, hear, feel和 find等后面。如：When we got to school, we saw the door locked. 到学校时，我们发现门被锁了。
③ 过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：The teacher walked into the classroom with his hands put behind his back. 老师双手背后地走进了教室。
④ 过去分词用在get, have, make后面，注意“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构的两种情况：
※ 表示“让某人做某事/ 让某事(被人)做”
eg. I have my hair cut. 我已经把头发剪了。
※ 表示“遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击，蒙受……损失”
eg. I had my wallet stolen on the bus last week. 上周在公交车上，我的钱包被偷了。
非谓语动词专项训练1
1.It is known that White Deer Plain is one of the most famous novels________ by Chen Zhongshi.
A. writes　　　　B. to write C. was written D. written
2.—I advised that you should stop________ a rest. You are too tired.
—I will take a three­day holiday as soon as this project finishes.
A. to have B. have C. having D. had
3.He promises________ it a secret between them and won't tell it to anyone.
A. to keep B. kept C. keeping D. keep
4.—Do you have any difficulty in________ French?
—Yes, but I try to make myself________．
A.to speak; understood B. speaking; understand
B.C. to speak; to understand D. speaking; understood
5.—Walking more is good for our health.
—You're right. So I'd rather________ an hour's walk to work than consider________ a car.
A. take; driving B. take; drive C. take; to drive D. to take; driving
6. Luoyang is working hard________ for the coming 35th Peony Festival. Then millions of visitors will come to Luoyang for the beautiful flowers.
A. prepare B. to prepare C. prepares D. prepared
7.When I was walking past the window, I noticed Judy_____ my homework.I really got______.
A. copying; annoying B. copy; annoyed C. copying; annoyed D. copied; annoyed
8.Tom and Jerry is a very funny cartoon.I can't help ________ when I watch it.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
9.When you leave，please turn off the lights ________ energy.
A．save B．to save C．saving D．saved
10.—Jack，why have you decided________Chinese folk music as a course.
—To learn more about Chinese culture.(，苏州)
A. take B. taken C . taking D. to take
11.We only planned _____the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours.
A. watch　　　　B. watches C. to watch　 　 D. watched
12. Dave is a good boy and he always finishes _____ his homework on time.(，重庆B卷)
A. do B. did C. does D. doing
13. —Jack hasn't taken his piano lessons for a long time.
—He is considering____ his piano course and spending more time on his study.(，鄂州)
A. to drop B. to throw C. dropping D. throwing
14.To keep children away from danger, we warn parents______children at home alone
A. leave B. to leave C. not leave D. not to leave
15. For more than once, our head teacher asks us____the habit of keeping a diary.(，广东)
A. develop B. develops C. developing D. to develop
16．When we heard the good news，we couldn't help_______.We're so excited.(，百色)
A. jump B. to jump C. jumping D. jumped
17．—How does your father go to work every day?
—He used to________ a bus but now he is used to________．(，铜仁)
A. take；walk B. taking；walking C. taking；walk D. take；walking
18．—Excuse me，but can you tell me where the nearest bank is?
—Just________ going for two more blocks and you'll see it.(，南京)
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. keeps
19．—Why did his father buy that phone watch for him?
—Because the GPS in the watch can help him to avoid________ the way.(，贵港)
A. to lose B. lose C. loses D. losing
20．My father asks me________ in the street. It's dangerous.(，贺州)
A. not to play B. not play C. not playing D. don't play
21．Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time____ her words on paper.
A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts
Key:1-5 DAADA 6-10.BCCBD 11-15. CDCDD 16-21. CDADAC
非谓语动词专项训练2
1．—Was it necessary________ John________ some photos before helping the old man?
—I think so.In this way, he could protect himself later.(，泰州)
A. of；taking B. for；taking C. of；to take D. for；to take
2.Diana used to_____ to work, but now she is used to_____ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.
A. drive；walking B. drive；walk C. driving；walk D. driving；walking
3．The zoo asks the visitors________ the animals.(，桂林改编)
A. not feed B. not to feed C. don't feed D. not be feed
4. Our English teacher wants us ________ English stories out of class.(，成都改编)
A. read B. reading C. to read D. to reading
5．After two hours' drive, the driver decided ________ and have a rest.(，海南改编)
A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. to stopping
6．It is necessary for students________ the listening ability.
A. to improve B. improving C. improve D. improves
7．Mother often tells Bob________ too much time playing computer games.
A. don't spend B. to not spend C. not to spend D. doesn't spend
8．Zhou Lan doesn't have to be made________. She always studies very hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned
9．—Can you teach me how to surf the Internet?
—Take this book.It will instruct you ________ it.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned
10．My parents and teachers always encourage me ________ what I like.
A. do B. did C. to do D. doing
11. It’s bad for your eyes _________ computer games for a long time.
A. plays B. to play C. play D. played
12. How long did you spend _________ your new house yesterday?
A. to decorate B. decorate C. decorating D. decorated
Key:1-5. DABCB 6-10.ACBBC 11-12 BC

非谓语动词专项训练3
1. Sally had no pen _________ yesterday morning.
A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with
2. A policeman saw two thieves ____ a girl’s mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.
A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen
3. They were made ________ fourteen hours a day.
A. work B. working C. worked D. to work
4. Why not _________?
A. let him to go home B. to let him go home C. let him go home D. to let him to go home
5. The scientist suggested _________ the experiment in a different way.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
6..I spend much more time playing basketball than I _____ for my lessons.【江苏淮安】
A. spend to prepare B. do preparing C. do to prepare D. spend prepare
7.We should be more careful _______ much time on computer games.
A. not to spend B. to not spend C. not to cost D. not take to
8. . When you leave, don’t forget _________ off the light.
A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned
9. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from _________ the earth away.
A. blow B. blowing C. blew D. to blow
10. My grandfather is used _________ a hat in winter.
A. to wear B. for wearing C. wearing D. to wearing
11. _________ energy, turn off the hot water after you take a shower.
A. Save B. Saving C. Saved D. To save
12. When I went into the room, I found _________ in bed.
A. him lying B. he lying C. he lies D. him was lying
13.It took me two weeks _________ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
A. Finish B. to finish C. finishes D. Finishing
14. The boy is looking forward to _________ a good time after the exam.
A. to have B. has C. having D. have
15.Have you read the book __________peace and war.
A. is named B. named C. naming D. name
16. My computer is broken. I will get it ______.
A．repairs B. repairing C. repaired D. to repair
17.My computer is broken. I will get my uncle ________ it.
A．repairs B. repairing C. repaired D. to repair
18. He went into the room, singing and ______.
A. dance B. dancing C. danced D. dances
19.The old man wants a ______ stick. He thinks it is helpful for him to walk.
A. walk B. walked C. walking D. to walk.
20. Look. There is a boy______ in the river.
A. swimming B. swim C. to swim D. swims.
Key:1-5 BBDCC 6-10 CAABC 11-20. CDBCA
非谓语动词专项训练4
一．用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.. Mr Wang does what he can ________（help) us improve our English.
2. Whenever you have a chance _______(speak) English, you should take it. (河北）
3. —Why are you so excited? (河南）
—Peter invited me_________(go) on a trip to Yuntai Mountain.
4. The book is well worth ________(buy). I plan______one.
5. What bad weather it was! We decided _______(not go) out.【江苏徐州】
6.The movie" Mr. Bean" made us _____(laugh) a lot last night
7. Take time to relax by listening to music, reading a book or just spending some time alone.
Relaxing allows you ________(turn) to your students with more energy.
8.When people want to relax themselves, they prefer_____(watch)TV or listen to music rather than ____ (read) newspapers.【四川】
9.Since you are tired, you’d better stop ______(study) and have a good rest.
10. It is very important for us ________(learn) English well.
11. Boys and girls, attention, please. Now let me tell you how _____(get) to the Bird Island.
12. Tom’s mother told him_____ ( stop) eating too much meat.【天津】
13. Water Park is a good place _______(have fun) .
14. Kitty would rather ______ (go)to the park than watch TV.
15.After the earthquake hit Japan, many international organizations offered _____(help) them.
16. It is our duty ______(keep) our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it.
17. "For your coming vacation, why ________(consider) corning to Guiyang?" "Good idea!"
18..Would you mind _____(tell)me how ______(remember) English words?
19.. The thief was noticed _____(enter)the office building by the back door on the screen.
20.Look! There are many foreigners ________ (visit)the Great Wall.
21. Tom's mother is busy _____ (cook)breakfast for Tom.
22.Mom!Would you mind me _____(play)table tennis ?
23. We went to the beach last Sunday, and we had great fun _____(play) volleyball.
24.. —What could I get my father for Father's Day?
—___________getting him a tie?
A. Why not B. How about C. Why don't you D.Let’s
25..Remember ________ (return) the book to the library when you finish _______(finish) it.
26.She used to______(read) in the morning, but now she is used to ___(read) at night.【重庆】
27.Nick, would you mind ______(not wear) those old jeans? They look terrible.
28. The new treatments ____(invent) by Norman Bethune helped a number of soldiers.【重庆】
29.I spent a lot of time ______(practice)______(speak) English last weekend.
30.One of the difficulties we have ____(learn)English is how to remember new words and expressions.
31. If prices rise too high, the government has to do something ______(control) it. 【山东】
32..W