中考英语非谓语动词专项讲解与训练.doc

中考英语非谓语动词专项讲解与训练 非谓语动词一 (动词不定式） 句法功能说明例句主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，把不定式置后。To learn English well is not easy for me. Its not easy for me to learn English well.表语动词不定式置于be 动词后作表语，大多情况下，不定式作表语，可转化为作主语My duty is to finish the work on time. To finish the work on time is my duty.宾语要注意一些表示命令、打算或希望的动词(hope, wish, decide, plan, expect.)只能用不定式作宾语They decided to give up taking the college entrance examination宾补不定式作宾补时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系；一些使役动词和感官动词后的不定式要省略tomake /let sb do.watch/see/notice/hear sb do sthShe asked me not to speak Chinese in English class.The boss made them work the whole night.定语动词不定式作定语，位于名词后，并与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系；若是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加适当的介词Have you got anything to say?There is nothing to worry about.状语动词不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和主语一致，可表目的，结果及原因作目的状语可置于句子前，用逗号隔开。Every morning he gets up early to exercise.He returned home to learn that his son had gone to the countryside.考点考法1. 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not。 如：My mother decided not to have a trip to Yunnan with me. 我妈妈决定不和我去云南旅游了。2.不定式可以和疑问词who, which, what, how, where，when连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。如：Could you tell me how to operate this machine? 你能告诉我怎样操作这台机器吗？3.动词不定式的句型或结构考查 Itbeadj.ofsb.to do sth.意为“某人能做某事真是太了”。此句型中的形容词通常是表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如：good，kind，nice，wise，clever，foolish，right，wrong，careful，careless等。如：Its very wise of you to do it ahead of time. 你提前做了那件事真是太明智了。. Itbeadj.forsb.to do sth.意为“对来说做某事真是太了”。这些形容词通常是表示客观情况的形容词。如：easy，hard，difficult，important，necessary，impossible，interesting等。如：Its necessary for us to take a map when traveling. 对我们来说，旅行的时候带一张地图是有必要的。 too.to do结构, in order to do 结构enough to do结构too.to结构意为“太而不能”，enough to结构意为“足够以至于能”。如：The water is too hot to drink. 水太烫了不能喝。In order to do 为了-. 主语think/find/feel/ believe/consider等itadj.to do sth.其他，意为“某人认为/发现做某事”。如：I think it easy to finish the paper in three hours. 我认为三个小时完成这篇文章是很简单的 非谓语动词二 (动名词） 句法功能说明例句主语谓语动词用单数形式Drinking cold water is not good for your health.动词宾语表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作Susan dislikes wearing school uniform on Mondays.介词宾语Stamps are used for sending letters.表语多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化为主语My hobby is playing chess.Playing chess is my hobby. 定语只表明所修饰词的用途、所属关系等，位于修饰词前Would you like to go to the reading room with me?Yes, Id like to.中考要点 有些动词或词组后常跟动名词作宾语，常见的有：finish(完成)，practice(实践)，worth(值得)，be busy doing （忙于），keep(继续)，be used to(习惯于)，give up(放弃)，consider(考虑)，cant help(忍不住；情不自禁), feel like(想要), miss(错过)，imagine(想象)，mind(介意)，avoid(避免)，enjoy(喜欢；享受)，have fun(玩得开心)，look forward to(期待)suggest (建议）巧思妙记完成实践值得忙；继续习惯别放弃；考虑建议不禁想；喜欢思念想象要介意（2）有些动词或动词短语跟动名词或动词不定式都可，但意义不同。 stop to do 停止做某事后去做另一件事。 / stop doing sth 停止做某事 forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事 / forget doing sth忘记已经做过的事情remember to do sth 记住要去做某事 / remember doing sth记住已经做过的事情regret to do sth 遗憾要去做某事 / regret doing sth 遗憾做了某事go on to do sth做完一件事情，接着做另一件事情 / go on doing sth 继续做同一件事情mean to do sth 打算做某事情 / mean doing sth意味着做某事情 非谓语动词三 (过去分词） 句法功能例句表语The door remained locked. 门还是锁着的。定语The car bought last year looks like a new one. 去年买的那辆车看起来像新的。状语Heated water changes into steam. 热水变成了蒸汽。宾补I heard my name called. 我听到有人叫我的名字。特别注意英语中过去分词作宾补(此时的过去分词一般为及物动词)表示被动或完成的意义，有时两者兼有。作宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：She found a gift bought by her friend in America. (宾补与宾语有被动关系，表示一种状态)拓展提示“make宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词形式的动词必须是表示结果的含义。如：The old man really cant make himself understood clearly. 过去分词用在感官动词watch, notice, see, hear, feel和 find等后面。如：When we got to school, we saw the door locked. 到学校时，我们发现门被锁了。 过去分词用在“with宾语宾补”结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：The teacher walked into the classroom with his hands put behind his back. 老师双手背后地走进了教室。 过去分词用在get, have, make后面，注意“have宾语过去分词”结构的两种情况： 表示“让某人做某事/ 让某事(被人)做” eg. I have my hair cut. 我已经把头发剪了。 表示“遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击，蒙受损失” eg. I had my wallet stolen on the bus last week. 上周在公交车上，我的钱包被偷了。非谓语动词专项训练11.It is known that White Deer Plain is one of the most famous novels_ by Chen Zhongshi.A. writesB. to write C. was written D. written2.I advised that you should stop_ a rest. You are too tired.I will take a threeday holiday as soon as this project finishes.A. to have B. have C. having D. had3.He promises_ it a secret between them and wont tell it to anyone.A. to keep B. kept C. keeping D. keep4.Do you have any difficulty in_ French?Yes, but I try to make myself_A.to speak; understood B. speaking; understand B.C. to speak; to understand D. speaking; understood5.Walking more is good for our health.Youre right. So Id rather_ an hours walk to work than consider_ a car.A. take; driving B. take; drive C. take; to drive D. to take; driving6. Luoyang is working hard_ for the coming 35th Peony Festival. Then millions of visitors will come to Luoyang for the beautiful flowers.A. prepare B. to prepare C. prepares D. prepared7.When I was walking past the window, I noticed Judy_ my homework.I really got_.A. copying; annoying B. copy; annoyed C. copying; annoyed D. copied; annoyed8.Tom and Jerry is a very funny cartoon.I cant help _ when I watch it.A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed9.When you leave，please turn off the lights _ energy.Asave Bto save Csaving Dsaved10.Jack，why have you decided_Chinese folk music as a course.To learn more about Chinese culture.(，苏州)A. take B. taken C . taking D. to take11.We only planned _the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours.A. watchB. watches C. to watch D. watched12. Dave is a good boy and he always finishes _ his homework on time.(，重庆B卷)A. do B. did C. does D. doing13. Jack hasnt taken his piano lessons for a long time.He is considering_ his piano course and spending more time on his study.(，鄂州)A. to drop B. to throw C. dropping D. throwing14.To keep children away from danger, we warn parents_children at home aloneA. leave B. to leave C. not leave D. not to leave15. For more than once, our head teacher asks us_the habit of keeping a diary.(，广东)A. develop B. develops C. developing D. to develop16When we heard the good news，we couldnt help_.Were so excited.(，百色)A. jump B. to jump C. jumping D. jumped17How does your father go to work every day?He used to_ a bus but now he is used to_(，铜仁)A. take；walk B. taking；walking C. taking；walk D. take；walking18Excuse me，but can you tell me where the nearest bank is?Just_ going for two more blocks and youll see it.(，南京)A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. keeps19Why did his father buy that phone watch for him?Because the GPS in the watch can help him to avoid_ the way.(，贵港)A. to lose B. lose C. loses D. losing20My father asks me_ in the street. Its dangerous.(，贺州)A. not to play B. not play C. not playing D. dont play21Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time_ her words on paper.A. put B. putting C. to put D. putsKey:1-5 DAADA 6-10.BCCBD 11-15. CDCDD 16-21. CDADAC非谓语动词专项训练21Was it necessary_ John_ some photos before helping the old man?I think so.In this way, he could protect himself later.(，泰州)A. of；taking B. for；taking C. of；to take D. for；to take2.Diana used to_ to work, but now she is used to_ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.A. drive；walking B. drive；walk C. driving；walk D. driving；walking3The zoo asks the visitors_ the animals.(，桂林改编)A. not feed B. not to feed C. dont feed D. not be feed4. Our English teacher wants us _ English stories out of class.(，成都改编)A. read B. reading C. to read D. to reading5After two hours drive, the driver decided _ and have a rest.(，海南改编)A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. to stopping6It is necessary for students_ the listening ability.A. to improve B. improving C. improve D. improves7Mother often tells Bob_ too much time playing computer games.A. dont spend B. to not spend C. not to spend D. doesnt spend8Zhou Lan doesnt have to be made_. She always studies very hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned9Can you teach me how to surf the Internet?Take this book.It will instruct you _ it. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned10My parents and teachers always encourage me _ what I like. A. do B. did C. to do D. doing11. Its bad for your eyes _ computer games for a long time. A. plays B. to play C. play D. played12. How long did you spend _ your new house yesterday?A. to decorate B. decorate C. decorating D. decoratedKey:1-5. DABCB 6-10.ACBBC 11-12 BC非谓语动词专项训练31. Sally had no pen _ yesterday morning.A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with2. A policeman saw two thieves _ a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen3. They were made _ fourteen hours a day.A. work B. working C. worked D. to work4. Why not _?A. let him to go home B. to let him go home C. let him go home D. to let him to go home5. The scientist suggested _ the experiment in a different way.A. do B. to do C. doing D. done6.I spend much more time playing basketball than I _ for my lessons.【江苏淮安】 A. spend to prepare B. do preparing C. do to prepare D. spend prepare7.We should be more careful _ much time on computer games.A. not to spend B. to not spendC. not to cost D. not take to8. . When you leave, dont forget _ off the light.A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned9. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from _ the earth away.A. blow B. blowing C. blew D. to blow10. My grandfather is used _ a hat in winter.A. to wear B. for wearing C. wearing D. to wearing11. _ energy, turn off the hot water after you take a shower. A. Save B. Saving C. Saved D. To save12. When I went into the room, I found _ in bed. A. him lying B. he lying C. he lies D. him was lying13.It took me two weeks _ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. A. Finish B. to finishC. finishesD. Finishing14. The boy is looking forward to _ a good time after the exam. A. to have B. has C. having D. have15.Have you read the book _peace and war. A. is named B. named C. naming D. name16. My computer is broken. I will get it _. Arepairs B. repairing C. repaired D. to repair17.My computer is broken. I will get my uncle _ it. Arepairs B. repairing C. repaired D. to repair18. He went into the room, singing and _.A. dance B. dancing C. danced D. dances19.The old man wants a _ stick. He thinks it is helpful for him to walk. A. walk B. walked C. walking D. to walk.20. Look. There is a boy_ in the river.A. swimming B. swim C. to swim D. swims.Key:1-5 BBDCC 6-10 CAABC 11-20. CDBCA非谓语动词专项训练4一用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Mr Wang does what he can _（help) us improve our English. 2. Whenever you have a chance _(speak) English, you should take it. (河北）3. Why are you so excited? (河南）Peter invited me_(go) on a trip to Yuntai Mountain.4. The book is well worth _(buy). I plan_one.5. What bad weather it was! We decided _(not go) out.【江苏徐州】6.The movie Mr. Bean made us _(laugh) a lot last night7. Take time to relax by listening to music, reading a book or just spending some time alone.Relaxing allows you _(turn) to your students with more energy.8.When people want to relax themselves, they prefer_(watch)TV or listen to music rather than _ (read) newspapers.【四川】9.Since you are tired, youd better stop _(study) and have a good rest.10. It is very important for us _(learn) English well.11. Boys and girls, attention, please. Now let me tell you how _(get) to the Bird Island.12. Toms mother told him_ ( stop) eating too much meat.【天津】13. Water Park is a good place _(have fun) .14. Kitty would rather _ (go)to the park than watch TV.15.After the earthquake hit Japan, many international organizations offered _(help) them. 16. It is our duty _(keep) our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it.17. For your coming vacation, why _(consider) corning to Guiyang? Good idea!18.Would you mind _(tell)me how _(remember) English words?19. The thief was noticed _(enter)the office building by the back door on the screen.20.Look! There are many foreigners _ (visit)the Great Wall.21. Toms mother is busy _ (cook)breakfast for Tom.22.Mom!Would you mind me _(play)table tennis ?23. We went to the beach last Sunday, and we had great fun _(play) volleyball.24. What could I get my father for Fathers Day?_getting him a tie?A. Why not B. How about C. Why dont you D.Lets25.Remember _ (return) the book to the library when you finish _(finish) it.26.She used to_(read) in the morning, but now she is used to _(read) at night.【重庆】27.Nick, would you mind _(not wear) those old jeans? They look terrible.28. The new treatments _(invent) by Norman Bethune helped a number of soldiers.【重庆】29.I spent a lot of time _(practice)_(speak) English last weekend.30.One of the difficulties we have _(learn)English is how to remember new words and expressions.31. If prices rise too high, the government has to do something _(control) it. 【山东】32.W