中考上海市英语宾语从句专题总复习.doc

中考上海市英语宾语从句专题总复习宾语从句精选例题一、连接词宾语从句的连接词分为三类：1. 引导陈述句用that（在口语或非正式文体中常常省略）。2. 引导一般疑问句用if或whether。注意：下列几种情况通常使用whether：（1）在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether；（2）在介词之后用whether；（3）在不定式前用whether等。3. 引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。一Excuse me，couldyou tell me_?Theres a bank on the second floorYou can make it there黄冈市A.where I can change money B.how I can get to the bankC. if theres a bank near here D. where the bank is答案A解析考查宾语从句的连词用法。根据上下问可知应选A。 二、语序 在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律是用“连接词陈述句语序”，其标点符号由主句来决定。1Do you know _now?一In the Peoples Hotel北京市A. where is Tom working B.where did Tom workC. where Tom is working D. where Tom worked答案C解析考查宾语从句要用陈述句语序。宾语从句要注意两点：从句用陈述句语序；前后时态要一致。故排除A、B，D时态不对，故选C。三、时态1. 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的时态可视情况使用任何一种相关的时态。2. 如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句必须使用过去相应的某一种时态。3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态，从句时态习惯上都用一般现在时。4. 情态动词could / would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。Excuse me, could you tell me when _the new Olympic Center?A. are we visited B. will we visit C.we are visited D.we willvisit答案D。 解析考查宾语从句的用法。从句要用陈述句语序，而且时态要与主句一致。从句意看本句不能用被动语态，故排除A、c。本题考查的是以when引导的宾语从句。B没用陈述句语序，故排除，此处could只表委婉的语气，并不表过去。Could you tell me whom the radio _by? 一Sorry，I have no idea福州市A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented答案D。解析考查宾语从句的时态和语态的用法。从句中的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者，这时应使用被动语态，这样A、B两项可以排除。我们还应考虑到，收音机的“发明”一定是过去的事情，所以该句的时态应是一般过去时，谓语的构成为“waswere+动词的过去分词”。I didnt understand _, so I raised my hand to ask.A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher sayC. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say答案为C。本题为宾语从句，由于需要用陈述语序可排除B、D；另外，主句时态为一般过去时，则从句也要用对应的过去时态，故还可排除A。四、简化 宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”、“it +形容词+不定式短语”、复合宾语、动词不定式（名词、动名词、形容词或副词、过去分词）短语、名词和过去分词等。I dont know what I should do with the letter. （改为简单句）（年山东烟台）I dont know what _ _ with the letter. 答案与解析：答案为to do。当主句谓语动词是know，learn，forget，remember等，其后接疑问词（连接代词副词）引导的宾语从句，且该从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化成“疑问词（连接代词副词+不定式（短语）”结构，故空白处填to do。强化训练I.句型转换1. “I can help repair the bike.” said Jerry. (改为宾语从句)Jerry said _ he _ help repair the bike.2.“Do you have a meeting to attend tomorrow?” I asked Jack. (改为宾语从句)I asked Jack _ he _ a meeting to attend the next day.3. “We will go for a picnic this weekend,” Tim said to us. (改为宾语从句)Tim told us that _ _ go for a picnic that weekend.4. “Do you often stay up late, Linda?” The teacher asked. (改为宾语从句)The teacher asked Linda _ she often _ up late.5. “Will they come to attend the meeting?” asked the boss. (改为宾语从句)The boss asked _ they _ come to the meeting.6.I havent decided which ferry I shall take to Hong Kong Island. (改为简单句)I havent decided which ferry_ _ to Hong Kong Island.7.Detective Ken didnt know how he could deal with this case. (改为简单句)Detective Ken didnt know_ _ deal with this case.8.Can you tell me when I should water the flowers? (改为简单句)Can you tell me_ _ water the flowers?9.Tom wondered if he should go or stay at that time. (改为宾语句)Tom wondered_ _ go or stay at that time.10.The boy asked his mother, Does water freeze at 0? (改为宾语从句)The boys asked his mother water at 0!.11.Jacks mother asked him, Have you packed your things? (改为宾语从句)Jacks mother asked him he packed his things.12.Martin asked the man, Are you Mr. Smith? (改为宾语从句)Martin asked the man he Mr. Smith.13.What did Father Christmas put in your stocking, Alice? Mary asked. (改为宾语从句)Mary asked Alice what Father Christmas put in stocking.14.Is the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know. (改为宾语从句)I dont know the watch made in Shanghai or not.II. 真题训练一模1. Does her aunt live in Canada? I am not sure. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)（普陀）I am not sure her aunt in Canda.2. Could you please tell me _?（奉贤）A) how can I get to the supermarket B) how could I get to the supermarketC)how I can get to the supermarket D) how I could get to the supermarket3. “What have you learned in the university?” The manager asked Tom. (改为宾语从句)（松江）The manager asked Tom he learned in the university.4. “Have you ever been in in a maglev train?” Our science teacher asked us.(合并成一句)（长宁）Our science teacher asked us_we _ever been in a maglev train.5. We havent decided _ we will hang the new painting.（虹口）A) what B) where C) which D) why6. Tony asked his mom.” How will we spend the Spring Festival?” (改为宾语从句)Tony asked his mom how_ _ spend the Spring Festival7.Could you please tell me ?（嘉定）A)how long she has gone to Hong Kong B)how long she has been in Hong KongC)how long has she been in Hong Kong D)how long she has been to Hong Kong8. “ Have you ever ridden a shared-bike?” Linda asked her mom.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）（浦东）Linda asked her mom _ she _ ever ridden a shared-bike.9. He didnt tell us_.(宝山)A. if he will give us a lecture B. whether he would go with youC. when would he start D. when he will arrive10. Our monitor told us, “We will move to a new campus (校园) next year.” (改为宾语从句)(青浦)Our monitor told us that we _ _ to a new campus the next year.11. “What did you do to the poor dog?” the lady asked her son. （改为宾语从句）(黄浦)The lady asked her son what he _ _ to the poor dog.12. Tims friend asked him. “ Will you apply for a position at IBM Company?”(合并成宾语从句)(崇明)Tims friend asked him _ he _ apply for a position at IBM Company.13.Did Maggiefly to New York alone ? He wonders. ( 改为宾语从句)(闵行)He wonders_Maggie_to New York alone.二模1. We wondered if Judy_ to Australia next week for business. （普陀）A. flies B. have flown C. has flown D. would fly2. Im planning a trip to the beach tomorrow, but still cant decide_. （奉贤）A) where Im going B)how Im going to get thereC) why I am planning it D)when Im planning it3. Can you tell me _ I can search for information on the Internet?（松江）A. what B. how C. when D. where4.What does Alice send to ms Jones on her birthday every year? Could you tell me?(合并成一句)（长宁）Could you tell me_Alice_to Ms Jones on her birthday every year?5.He said that he _ to teach kids in the orphanage(孤儿院)after he graduated from school.（徐汇）A.will volunteer B.would volunteer C.has volunteered D.is volunteering6. “Are you going to celebrate the opening of the shop?” the secretary asked.(改为宾语从句)（嘉定）The secretary asked _ they _ going to celebrate the opening of the shop.7. A: Do you know _we will know the results of the exam?（宝山）B: In two weeks, I supposeA)how much B) how far C) how soon D) how long8. The road sign shows us_.（青浦）A. how can we get to the International Meeting CenterB.which road leads to the International Meeting CenterC.where is the International Meeting CenterD.what can we do in the International Meeting Center9.“Can I pay for the e-book by credit card? Jane asked the shop assistant.(改为宾语从句）（黄浦）Jane asked the shop assistant whether_ _ pay for thee-book by credit card.10. “ What will you do after leaving secondary school ? ” asked my parents. (合并成宾语从句)（崇明）My parents asked _ I _ do after leaving secondary school.11.Iasked the teacher, “Can I ask for leave this afternoon?”（合并为一句）（静安）I asked the teacher_ I_ ask for leave this afternoon.12. Mum asked,”Why are you wearing Lindas clothes?”(改为宾语从句)（杨浦）Mum askedme why_ _ wearing Lindas clothes.13. How can I improve my English?The boy asked the teacher. (改为宾语从句)（闵行）The boy asked the teacher_he_improve his English .二、英语书面表达专项训练2环境保护人人有责， 如果我们每一个人都能珍爱美丽地球 保护自然资源，相信我们的家园会越来越美好。某英文网站正在开展以“Going Green”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈我们面临的主要环境问题是什么，为改善环境我们能做什么，以及你的期望。提示词语： pollution, protect, save, recycle, take action提示问题： What are the main environmental problems we have? What can we do in our daily life? Whats your wish?Now there are many environmental problems._【答案】例文Now there are many environmental problems. Such as air pollution, water pollution and so on.I believe that there are many things we can do in our daily life, we can save energy by go to school by bike or on foot. We can use less water by turning off the tap while we brush our teeth, and taking shorter showers. When we see litter on the ground, we must pick it up and put it into different bins. I hope everyone can take action. Although each one of us may only do a little, together we can make a big difference. Lets work together to make a better place to live.【解析】【详解】题干解读：该题目属于说明文写作，写作时要把我们面临的主要环境问题是什么，为改善环境我们能做什么，以及你的期望全部包括。例文点评：例文采用的是三段式；用第一人称来叙述为改善环境我们能做什么；时态采用的是一般现在时，描述建议时，描写具体，条理清晰。高分亮点：短语：save energy；brush our teeth；put it into different bins；take action；make a big difference。句型：When we see litter on the ground, we must pick it up and put it into different bins；Although each one of us may only do a little, together we can make a big difference。【点睛】首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达，例如save energy；brush our teeth；put it into different bins；take action；make a big difference。以及状语从句等；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。3今天手机在我们日常生活中已广泛使用。但中学生在学校是否应该持有手机，一些学生和老师有不同的观点。你们学校的校刊英文版正在就此举行征文活动，请根据下列表格提示的内容，用英语写一篇征文。 观点理由一些学生赞成拥有方便与家长联系；一些老师反对拥有有学生用手机玩游戏；有学生用手机作弊；你的观点1. 2.要求：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；2. 必须包含表格所给的提示信息，并作适当发挥；3. 词数：80-100词左右（征文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Mobile phones have been used widely in our daily life today._【答案】Mobile phones have been used widely in our daily life today. With the development of economy, mobile phones are more and more widely used in our daily life. However, some parents and teachers have different ideas about whether the students should use mobile phones at school. Some students are for it. They think that it is convenient to contact with parents. Mobile phones will make them more interested in learning so that they can learn more quickly and easily. Some teachers are against itThey think that some students cant control themselves and often play games. Whats worse, some students cheat in exams by using mobile phones. Besides, using mobile phones too much does great harm to students eyes. In my opinion, I think it is helpful for students to use mobile phones in a right way. Firstly，students can learn more knowledge using mobile phones. At the same time, parents and teachers should do something to help students. Only in this way can mobile phones be of help to their studies.【解析】【详解】本篇写作需注意要求中所提供的要点，不可遗漏。需在平时积累相关的词汇，写作中注意语义通顺，符合逻辑关系，上下文之间可以适当使用连接词。如but, so, then等。可以适当使用高分句型。【点睛】高分句型：I think it is helpful for students to use mobile phones in a right way我认为正确的方式使用手机对学生是有帮助的。I think+宾语从句。It is+形容词 for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说是的。4你是一位九年级的学生李明，你用英语写一封邮件给你的笔友Amy，感谢她对你关心，并告诉她目前你在全力以赴为中考而学习，并与她交流一下目前的学习和生活情况。要点如下： (1). 虽然你大部分功课你都学得比较好，但是你对自己不满意。你认为自己学习上还要多花工夫。 (2). 你的父母对你严格要求，但是也很关心你。（举例说明，适当发挥23句） (3). 老师很乐意帮助你们。他们希望你们实现自己的理想。他们说（适当发挥23句）注意： (1). 要求语句通顺，意思连贯。 (2). 第2要点和第3要点要用23句话作适当发挥。 (3). 词数90个左右，邮件开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Hello!Dear Amy, thank you for caring.Now I am working hard for the senior high school entrance examination. _How about you? I am looking forward to hearing from you. Yours Li Ming【答案】例文Hello!Dear Amy, thank you for caring.Now I am working hard for the senior high school entrance examination. I have got good results in most of my subjects, but I am not happy with myself. I think I must spend more time on my studies.My parents are really strict with me. However, they care for me as well. Once upon a time, I failed in my physics exam and felt stressed and sad. They had a close communication with me and helped me solve my problems and cheer up again.My teachers are also ready to help us. They hope that we can realize our dreams. They tell us to try our best and not to give up. Life is always full of ups and downs. Its important not to be afraid of any kind of difficulty. How about you? I am looking forward to hearing from you. Yours Li Ming【解析】【详解】本文属于材料作文，告诉艾米目前你在全力以赴为中考而学习，并与她交流一下目前的学习和生活情况。根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如get good results, spend+时间+on sth, be strict with, however, care for, as well, once upon a time, help sb do, cheer up, be ready to, tell sb to do, try ones best to do, be full of以及it is adj to do sth等，增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。【点睛】写作时可以从以下几个方面做起：认真