中考英语备考：英语现在完成进行时的用法讲解练习(导学案有答案).doc

中考英语现在完成进行时的用法讲解练习（导学案有答案）
中考英语现在完成进行时的用法讲解

一、现在完成进行的基本用法
1. 现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止。如：
It has been raining since last Sunday. 自上周星期日以来就一直在下雨。
He's been watching television all day. 他看了一天电视了。
2. 现在完成进行时有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论。如：
She is very tired. She's been typing letters all day. 她很累了，她整天都在打信件。
Her eyes are red. She has been crying. 她眼睛红了，她一直在哭。
二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1. 现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作。如：
I have read the book. 我读过这本书。
I have been reading the book. 我一直在读这本书。
【注】有少数动词（如work, study, live, teach, stay等）在表示持续一段时间时用这两种时态含义差不多（只是用现在完成进行时更强调动作的持续性）。如：
How long have you worked [been working] here? 你在这儿工作多久了？
I've lived [been living] here since 1988. 自1988年以来我就一直住在这儿。
2. 现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。如：
I have waited for two hours. 我等了两小时。（陈述事实）
I have been waiting for two hours. 我等了两个小时。（等得好辛苦）
3. 现在完成进行时通常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况，若要谈论时间延续较长的动作或情况或永久性情况，则通常用现在完成时。如：
He has lived in Paris. 他（一直）住在巴黎。
He has been living in Paris. 他（目前）住在巴黎。（表暂时性）
4. 不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时。如：
I've only known her for two day. 我认识她刚刚两天。
They've been married for twenty years. 他们结婚已二十年了。
The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。
5. 现在完成进行时不用于被动语态，若要用可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。如：
The house has been painted for a month. 这房子已漆了一个月。
The problem has been studied for five days. 这个问题已研究了五天。
　现在完成时与现在完成进行时练习篇
A. Correct the following sentences.
1. All these years they are contributing articles to our magazine.
2. I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon.
3. What have you been doing before you left Oxford?
4. It's a good job. Have you done it all by yourself?
5. It's a long time since you come to see me.
6. Alice didn't see much of Henry lately.
7. I'm glad to tell you that you passed the exam.
B. Complete the following sentences with the right form of the verbs given.
1. You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.
2. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year.
3. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning.
4. I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon.
5. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night.
C. Make the best choices.
1. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. 
  — I think so. He ________ for it for months.
A. is preparing  B. was preparing 
C. had been preparing D. has been preparing
2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.
   A. walks      B. walked    C. has walked     D. had walked
3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
   A. saw           B. see           C. had seen        D. have seen
4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year.
   A. studies        B. studied        C. is studying        D. has been studying
5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.
A. works   B. is working   C. has worked   D. had worked
6. —I have got a headache.
   A. work          B. are working     C. have been working    D. worked
7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years.
 A. has fallen     B. had fallen      C. is falling           D. was falling
8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet.
A. had considered      B. has been considering  
C. considered      D. is going to consider
9. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet?
   —Yes. We had a great time there.
    A. Have ; shown    B. Do ; show    C. Had; shown       D. Did; show
10. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale.
  —I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.
A. painted       B. had painted    C. have been painting    D. have painted

Key：
A. 1. are→have been  2. have been drinking→have drunk  3. have→had 
4. Have you done→Did you do    5. come→came  6. didn't seen→hasn't seen 
7. passed→have passed
B. 1. have been looking   2. stayed   3. has been playing/ has played
4. wondered  5. have been waiting 
C. 1-5 DCDDC  6-10 CABA C

专项练习
一、单项选择。
1、Both  his  parents  look  sad . Maybe  they  _________what's  happened  to  him.
    A.  knew    B.  have known    C.  must know     D.will know
2、He  has  _______ been  to  Shanghai， has  he ？
    A.  already    B.never    C.ever     D. still
3、Have  you  met  Mr  Li ______？
    A.  just    B.  ago        C.before       D.  a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year.
    A. is  writing    B.was  writing        C.wrote       D.has  written
5、—Our country  ______ a lot so far.
    —Yes. I hope it will be even ______.
    A. has  changed ； well       B.  changed ； good
    C. has  changed ； better     D.  changed ； better
6、Zhao Lan ______already  ______in this school for two years.
    A. was ； studying        B. will ； study
    C. has ； studied          D. are ； studying
7、We ______ Xiao  Li  since  she  was  a  little  girl.
    A. know      B.  had  known      C. have  known      D.  knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice.
    A.  will  see     B.  have  seen        C.  saw            D.see
9、—These  farmers  have  been  to  the  United  States.
    —Really ？ When _____  there ？
    A. will  they  go        B.  did  they  go
    C.  do  they  go        D.  have  they  gone
10、—______ you ___ your  homework  yet？
    —Yes . I _____  it  a  moment  ago.
    A.  Did； do； finished        B.  Have； done； finished
    C.  Have； done； have  finished          D.  will； do； finish
11、 His  father  ______ the  Party  since  1978.
    A.  joined    B.  has joined     C.  was in     D.  has  been  in
12、—Do you know him well ？
    —  Sure.We _________ friends since ten years ago.
    A.  were    B. have been       C. have become      D. have made
13、—How long have you  ____ here？
    —About two months.
    A.  been     B.  gone           C.  come          D.  arrived
14、Hurry  up！ The  play __________ for  ten  minutes.
    A.  has  begun          B.  had  begun
    C.  has  been  on        D.  began
15、 It  _____ ten  years  since  he  left  the  army.
    A.  is          B.  has            C.  will           D.  was
16、 Miss  Green  isn't  in  the  office . she_______  to  the  library.
    A.has  gone     B. went        C.will  go          D.  has  been
17、My  parents ______  Shandong  for  ten  years.
    A.  have  been  in          B. have  been  to
    C.  have  gone  to         D. have  been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom，_____？
    A. so they      B. don‘t they     C. have they     D. haven’t they
19、_____has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he ____ to China？
    A. How soon， comes           B. How often， got
    C. How long， came        D. How far， arrived
20、 His uncle ____ for more than 9 years.
    A. has come here         B. has started to work
    C. has lived there      D. has left the university
二、 句型转换。
1、He has never surfed， _____ ________？（改成反意疑问句）
2、They have been here since .  （对划线部分提问）
    ______ __________have they been here？
3、The old man _________ last year. He _____ _______for a year. （die）（动词填空）
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.（同义句转换）
    This factory ______ ________ ________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.  （同义句转换）
    Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
    Her  mother _______ the  Party  three  years  ________ .
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. （同义句转换）
    _______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. （把两个句子合并成一个句子）
    ___________________________________________
三、汉译英。
1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。
2、他昨天收到一封信。
3、我父亲以前到过长城。
4、她还没有看过那部新电影。
5、她去过上海。
6、他这些天上哪儿去了？

参考答案
一、单项选择。
1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B.
2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B.
3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so  far（到目前为止），in  the  past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D.
5、C
6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6应选C.
7、C
8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three  times（三次），several  times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B.
9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday ， last  week ， a  moment  ago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B.
10、B
11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D.
12、B    13、A     14、C     15、A.
16、“have/has  gone  to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has  been  in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has  been  to  +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A.
17、A    18、D     19、C     20、C
二、句型转换。
1、has he？             2、How long            3、died， has been dead
4、has been open       5、has been away       6、joined；ago
7、It is， since        8、The bus has been here for ten minutes.
三、汉译英。
1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now.
2、He received a letter yesterday.
3、My father has been to the Great Wall before.
4、She hasn't seen the new film yet.
5、She has been to Shanghai.
6、Where has he been these days？

二、英语书面表达专项训练
2．书面表达
为了配合“足球进校园”活动，你们班开展了一次主题班会。请你以足球迷的身份，根据下列表格中的要点提示，用英语向同学们介绍足球这项运动并谈谈自己的梦想。
常 识

历史悠久，深受喜爱
世界杯4年举行一次

好 处

男生女生皆可参加
利于培养团队精神
考生自拟(至少1点)

偶 像

梅西，有足球天赋

梦 想

考生自拟(至少1点)

注意：1. 词数90左右。短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
1.短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；
2.短文中不得真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
参考词汇：梅西 Messi
Dear classmates,
I’m very excited to hear that China will build 20,000 football-themed schools by 2020.

Thank you for your attention.
【答案】Dear classmates，
I’m very excited to hear that China will build 20，000 football-themed schools by 2020．
Football has a very long history．It is liked by people all over the world．The World Cup takes place every four years．Playing football has lots of advantages．First，both boys and girls can take part in it．Second，it helps develop team spirit．What’s more，playing football is good for our health．
I’m a football fan．Messi is my hero．He has a gift for playing football．My dream is to become a famous football player like Messi．I hope China will hold the World Cup some day．
Thank you for your attention．
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：本题要求按提纲的提示，介绍足球运动并谈谈自己的梦想。要求仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确本文主要从三个方面来写：介绍足球运动及其好处；说说自己的偶像；谈谈自己的梦想。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达要符合英语习惯。
写作亮点：本文语言精炼，像第二自然段的Football has a very long history. It is liked by people all over the world. The World Cup takes place every four years. it helps develop team spirit. What’s more, playing football is good for our health. 等等句子，简洁，但是句意表达清楚；同时，本文用了被动语态、动名词作主语、不定式作表语等等语法形式，使表达生动；用了first, second等使得短文层次清楚。

3．书面表达
你即将升入高中，面临寄宿（a boarding school)和走读（a day school)两类学校的选择。请你以“A boarding school or a day school”为题。写一篇短文，内容须包括：读寄宿学校的利和弊；读走读学校的利和弊；你的选择和理由（不得与上述两点内容重复）。

注意：1. 词数;100词左右（文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
3. 文章必须包含提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥。
A hoarding school or a day school
We are going to graduate from our middle school, __________________________________
【答案】
We are going to graduate from our middle schools, and we will make a choice to enter a boarding school or a day school. Both kinds of school have their advantages and disadvantages.
If we choose a boarding school, we will save time to study. However, we may have less time to stay with our family. If we choose a day school, parents can know more about our studies. At the same time computer games and TV plays may make a bad influence on us.
As for me, I prefer a boarding school. We should pay attention to our studies to get good grades in the high school.
【解析】
【分析】
整体分析：这是一篇给材料作文。可以分三段写。第一段要写总体交代你即将升入高中，面临寄宿（a boarding school)和走读（a day school)两类学校的选择。第二段要写详细叙述读寄宿学校的利弊；读走读学校的利弊。第三段要表述作者自己的选择和理由。
【详解】
写作之前要1.审清题目，看看有哪些要求？哪些时态？人称？2.确定文章类型，记叙文？说明文？议论文？看图？还是应用文？3.确定时态，单一还是混合。4.写下关键词、短语、句型。5.列出提纲和段落，并运用适当的句型和过渡词衔接。6.根据提纲和段落结构句型及关键词句完成文章。写完后反复阅读修改推敲润色，人称、时态、单复数一致等。运用自然过渡法和自然衔接法来是文章更为地道、通顺、纯正。用的短语、句型：both kinds of、If we choose a boarding school、At the same time、As for me, I prefer a boarding school、pay attention to、来增加了文章的亮点。
【点睛】
这类作文的写作方法要注意认真审题，注意过渡性语言的使用。做到：要点要全，表达要清晰明确，使用短语，句型要准确，注意避免拼写和语法错误。

4．
假如你是Liu Bin，请用英语给笔友Bob回复邮件。
注意：1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2.要点齐全，语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
3.词数100左右，邮件的开头与结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Bob,
I’m very glad to know that you will come to our school.

Yours,
Liu Bin
【答案】Dear Bob,
I'm very glad to know that you will come to our school. Let me tell you something about it. Our school is very big and our classroom is very tidy. We go to school five days a week and have six classes every day. There is also an activity class in the afternoon. Usually I take exercise after school so that I can keep healthy and study better. Sometimes I listen to the music for a while, which is a good way to relax myself. Of course, I help my parents with the housework at the weekends too.
My classmates are very nice. We often help each other. Everyone has his own way to do things, so we should understand each other. Besides, it is important for us to communicate with each other and share our happiness and sadness.
I'm looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Liu Bin
【解析】
【详解】
这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如be glad to，listen to the music，five days a week，so that，prepare for，for a while，of course，at the weekends，help each other，look forward to等。而固定句型it is important for us to communicate with each other and share our happiness and sadness.和I'm very glad to know that you will come to our school./ Usually I take exercise after school so that I can keep healthy and study better./ Sometimes I listen to the music for a while, which is a good way to relax myself.等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。
【点睛】
书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。

5．手机在生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，许多中学生沉迷于手机无法自拔，比如你的好友Miller.请根据以下提示点写一篇短文：
1. 去年，Miller对手机游戏非常入迷，而且花大量时间用手机聊天看电影；
2. Miller与家人和朋友交流甚少，离开手机会很焦虑；
3. 昨天还因为走路看手机被自行车撞了，膝盖受伤；
4. 你的建议……
参考词汇：mobile games手机游戏anxious焦虑be crazy about对……入迷要求：
1字数80-100个2开头已经给出不计入总词数3要点齐全，行为连贯，适当发挥
Today more and more people are addicted to(沉迷）playing the mobile phones. Last year, My friend Miller was