2008年高考英语试卷（全国卷ii）（含解析版）.pdf

12008 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷二）英 语 （说明：音标要安装音标字体才能正确打开，否则显示为乱码。）本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。第一卷本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。第一卷 1 至至 12 页。第二卷页。第二卷 13 至至 16 页。考试结页。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一卷第一卷 第一部分第一部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分英语知识运用（共三节，满分 50 分）分）从 A、四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：have A.gave B.save C.hat D.made 答案是 C。1.course A.journey B.four C.labour D.hour 【标准答案】B。【试题解析】见每个单词后的注音。【高考考点】our 在重读音节中的读音辨析。2.match A.separate B.marry C.machine D.many【标准答案】B。【试题解析】见每个单词后的注音。【高考考点】元音字母 a 的读音辨析。3.rise A.purse B.else C.praise D.mouse【标准答案】C。【试题解析】见每个单词后的注音。【高考考点】辅音字母 s 的读音辨析。4.bathe A.faith B.cloth C.maths D.smooth 【标准答案】D。【试题解析】辅音字母组合-th 的读音辨析。【高考考点】见每个单词后的注音。5.Britain不发音 A.certain 不发音 B.train C.against D.contain【标准答案】A。【试题解析】见每个单词后的注音。【高考考点】元音字母组合 ai 的读音辨析。第二节第二节 语法和词汇知识（共语法和词汇知识（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1 分，满分分，满分 15 分）分）从从 A、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：We _ last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studied B.might study C.should have studied D.would study 答案是 C。6.Do you know Annas telephone number?-_.As a matter of fact,I dont know any Anna,either.A.I think so B.Im afraid not C.I hope so D.Id rather not【标准答案】B。【试题解析】在情境交际中考查替代省略.为了使交际更加简洁明了，省使用替代省略。Im afraid not 相当于 Im afraid that I dont know Anns telephone number.比如：Its going to rain tomorrow.-I think so.=I think its going to rain tomorrow.【高考考点】情景交际中考查替代省略。7.A small car is big enough for a family of three _ you need more space for baggage.A.once B.because C.if D.unless【标准答案】D。【试题解析】题意是“如果你不需要更多的空间来放行李，那么一辆小车对一家三口来说就足够了。”unless 引导条件状语从句，在此相当于 if you dont need more space for luggage.【高考考点】unless 引导条件状语从句。8.Its not _ good idea to drive for four hours without _ break.A.a;a B.the;a C.the;the D.a;the【标准答案】A。【试题解析】不定冠词表示泛指，指不限定的人或物。题意是“不休息驾驶 4 个小时的车不是个好主意”。【高考考点】冠词。9.What are you reading,Tom?-Im not really reading,just _ the pages.A.turning off B.turning around C.turning over D.turning up【标准答案】。【试题解析】turn off“关掉”；turn around“转身”turn over“翻身，使翻转“；turn up“开大，调高，到来，出现”。另外还有一些常见的短语：turn out（结果是，被证明是），turn on（打开），turn in（上交），turn down（调小，拒绝）,turn against（背叛）等【高考考点】动词短语词义辨析。2 10.-Could I ask you a rather personal question?-Sure,_.A.pardon me B.go ahead C.good idea D.forget it【标准答案】B。【试题解析】pardon me 用于没听清对方的话；good idea 用于赞成对方的建议；forget it 用于对方向你道歉时，安慰对方。I still owe you for lunch yesterday.Forget it.“昨天午饭我还欠着你呢。算了吧”。【高考考点】交际用语。对别人请求的肯定答复。11.If the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic.But it _ all day.A.rained B.rains C.has rained D.is raining【标准答案】A。【试题解析】从题干前部分句子的谓语动词结构（虚拟语气）可以看出是指过去某个时间已经下了整天的雨。所以应该用一般过去时态。该题解题关键要从题干前部分入手。if 非真实条件句用的过去完成时，主句用would have done，我们可以看出这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。【高考考点】动词时态。12.The director had her assistant _ some hot dogs for the meeting.A.picked up B.picks up C.pick up D.picking up【标准答案】C。【试题解析】题意是“董事让她的助手为会议准备了一些热狗。”have 用作使役动词，其后可以跟省 to 的不定式，也可以跟现在分词和过去分词作宾补。跟过去分词，则表示和宾语之间是动宾关系，跟现在分词则表示正进行的动作，跟省 to 的不定式则表示完成的动作。【高考考点】非谓语动词。13.Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better.A.but B.till C.and D.or【标准答案】C。【试题解析】题意是“站在那儿你就能够更好地观看那张油画。考查的是句型结构“祈使句+连词 and/or+一般将来时的陈述句”。祈使句相当于一个条件句：If you stand over there,you will be able to see the oil painting better.【高考考点】祈使句+连词 and/or+一般将来时的陈述句。14.If their marketing plans succeed,they _ their sales by 20 percent.A.will increase B.have been increasing C.have increased D.would be increasing【标准答案】A。【试题解析】题意是“要是他们的市场计划成功了，他们将增加 20%的销售额”。从句是一般现在时表将来，主句常用一般将来时或情态动词 can/may+动词原形。如：If we get up early tomorrow morning,we may/can see the sunrise.【高考考点】动词时态。15.Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like _ working here.A.with B.over C.at D.about【标准答案】D。【试题解析】题意是“就在这儿工作的原因，现代化的设备和无烟环境是我喜欢在这儿工作的两个原因。”about 表示“关于，就而言”。【高考考点】介词 16.The road conditions there turned out to be very good,_ was more than we could expect.A.it B.what C.which D.that【标准答案】C。【试题解析】后部分是对前部分的补充.题意是“那儿的路况结果很好,比我们原想的还好.”what 不是关系代词不引导定语从句，that 一般不引导非限制性定语从句。it 干扰性大，如果在逗号后加连词 and，则选项 A 成立。【高考考点】which 引导的非限制性定语从句.17.Liza _ well not want to go on the trip-she hates traveling.A.will B.can C.must D.may【标准答案】D。【试题解析】may/might/can/could+well 很可能。must 用于肯定句中，表示把握较大的肯定推测，意为“一定”；can 常用于否定句中表示把握较大的否定推测，意为“不可能”；may 可用于肯定句或否定句中，表示可能性不大的推测。从后文的 she hates traveling.可知 Liza“也许不想继续旅行了。”【高考考点】情态动词表示推测的用法。18.Little Johnny felt the bag,curious to know what it _.A.collected B.contained C.loaded D.saved【标准答案】B。【试题解析】collect 收集；contain 包含，容纳；load 装载；save 节约，节省。题意是“小强尼摸了摸那口袋，很想知道里面装的是什么。”故选 B 项。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。19.The house still needed a lot of work,but _ the kitchen was finished.A.instead B.altogether C.at once D.at least【标准答案】D。【试题解析】instead 代替，相反；altogether 一起；at once 立刻，马上；at least 至少。题意是“这房子还需要做很多工，不过厨房至少已经完工了。”故选 D 项。【高考考点】在语境中考查副词或介词短语。20.It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.A.that B.how C.which D.when【标准答案】A。【试题解析】题意是“是在 New Zealand，Elizabeth 第一次遇到 Smith 先生。”该题强调地点状语。判断是否是强调句的基本方法就是把 It is/was 和 that/who 去掉，被强调的部分放到它原来的位置上，句子意思完整，则必定是强调句，否则就是状语从句或定语从句。【高考考点】强调句结构 It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其它成分。第三节第三节 完形填空（共完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、和）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，、和）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。From the time each of my children started school,I packed their lunches.And in each lunch,I 21 a note.Often written on a napkin(餐巾),it might be a thank-you for a 22 moment,a reminder of something we were happily expecting,or a bit of _23 for the coming test or sporting event.In early grade school they_ 24 their notes.But as children grow older they becomes self-conscious(有自我意识的),and _25 he reached high school,my older son,Marc,informed me he no longer 26 my daily notes.Telling him that he no longer needed to 27 them but I still needed to write them,I 28 until the day he graduated.3Six years after high school graduation,Marc called and asked if he could move 29 for a couple of months.He had spent those years well,graduating from college,30 two internship(实习)in Washington,D.C.,and 31 ,becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento.32 short vacation visits,however,he had lived away from home.With his younger sister leaving for college,I was 33 happy to have Marc back.Since I was 34 making lunch for his younger brother,I 35 one for Marc,too.Imagine my 36 when I got a call from my 24-year-old son,37 his lunch.“Did I do something 38?Dont you love me 39 ,Mom?”were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I 40 asked him what was wrong.“My note,Mom,”he answered.“Wheres my note?”21.A.carried B.found C.included D.held【标准答案】C。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。【试题解析】carry 携带，搬运；find 发现，找到；include 包含，包括；hold 抓住，握住。句意是“每天包午饭时，我都要附一张便条在包里”。22.A.difficult B.special C.comfortable D.separate【标准答案】B。【高考考点】形容词词义辨析。【试题解析】difficult 困难的；special 特别的，特殊的；comfortable 愉快的，舒适的；separate 分离的，分开的。句意是“（便条上的内容）也许是一个特殊时刻的感激。”故选 B。23.A.congratulation B.improvement C.explanation D.encouragement【标准答案】D。【高考考点】名词词义辨析。【试题解析】congratulation 祝贺；improvement 进步，改进；explanation 解释，说明；encouragement 鼓励。从下文的 the coming test or sporting event 可知“我”就即将来临的考试或运动会写些鼓励的话。24.A.loved B.answered C.wrote D.examined【标准答案】A。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。【试题解析】句意是“在小学阶段孩子们还喜欢我写的纸条。”25.A.lately B.by the way C.by the time D.gradually【标准答案】C。【高考考点】副词和介词短语作状语。【试题解析】lately 最近；by the way 顺便提一下，顺便问一下；by the time 到的时候；gradually 逐渐地。从候温句子机构可以看出，该空应用一个可作连词引导时间状语从句的词只有 by the time 可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。句意是“到上中学的时候。”26.A.received B.understood C.enjoyed D.collected【标准答案】C。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。【试题解析】receive 收到；understand 明白；enjoy 喜欢；collect 收集。从上文得知“随着孩子们长大，他们变得有自我意识了，我的大儿子告诉我他不再喜欢我每天写的纸条。”27.A.copy B.read C.take D.send【标准答案】B。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。【试题解析】copy 抄写，模仿；read 阅读；take 带走；send，送，派。据题意“告诉他没必要再看纸条上的内容”，阅读什么东西应用 read。28.A.held up B.gave up C.followed D.continued【标准答案】D。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。【试题解析】hold up 举起，阻止;give up 放弃;follow 跟随;continue 继续。前文提到尽管告诉儿子没有必要看纸条内容，但我还是有必要写，所以就一直继续写到他中学毕业。29.A.out B.home C.to college D.to Sacramento【标准答案】B。【高考考点】动词的搭配。【试题解析】move out 搬出去；move home 搬回家；move to college 搬到大学去；move to Sacramento 搬到Sacramento。从上下文可知“大儿子 Mac 大学毕业后打电话问母亲他是否可以回家住 2 个月。”30.A.organizing B.planning C.comparing D.completing【标准答案】D。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。【试题解析】organize 组织；plan 计划;compare 比较;complete 完成。从上下文可知“大儿子大学毕业后，在华盛顿完成了 2 个实习周期。”31.A.hopefully B.finally C.particularly D.certainly【标准答案】B。【高考考点】副词词义辨析。【试题解析】hopefully 抱有希望地；finally 最后；particularly 特别，尤其；certainly 当然，必定。根据上文在华盛顿实习完后就在 Sacramento 找到一份技术助理的工作。32.A.Because of B.Instead of C.Except for D.As for 【标准答案】C。【高考考点】介词短语词义辨析。【试题解析】because of 因为；instead of 代替，而不是；except for 除了以外；as for 至于，就而论。据上下文可知“Mac 除了短暂的探亲假外，他就一直因工作而住在离家很远的地方。”33.A.especially B.immediately C.equally D.generally【标准答案】A。【高考考点】副词词义辨析。【试题解析】especially 特别，尤其；immediately 立刻，马上；equally 平等地；generally 通常，一般。上文提到“Mac 的妹妹上大学去了”所以 Mac 能回家来我感到特别高兴。34.A.once B.again C.still D.even【标准答案】C。【高考考点】副词词义辨析。【试题解析】once 曾经；again 再，又；still 仍，还；even 甚至。句意是“Mac 的弟弟在上学，我还要给他包午餐。”故选 C。35.A.packed B.fetched C.bought D.filled【标准答案】A。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。【试题解析】pack 包；fetch 拿来；buy 买；fill 装满。在文章一段就提到了“我”每天要给孩子们包午餐，所以这儿的句意是“在给 Mac 的弟弟包午餐时，也给 Mac 包了一个。”436.A.fear B.surprise C.anger D.disappointment【标准答案】B。【高考考点】名词词义辨析。【试题解析】fear 害怕；surprise 惊讶；anger 生气；disappointment 失望。从后文得知“我”接到 Mac 打来电话要他的盒饭，所以可以猜想一下我有多惊讶。37.A.waiting for B.worrying about C.caring for D.asking about【标准答案】D。【高考考点】动词短语词义辨析。【试题解析】wait for 等待；worry about 担心；care for 爱好，关心；ask about 问有关。句意是“Mac 打电话问他的午饭。”38.A.wrong B.funny C.strange D.smart【标准答案】A。【高考考点】形容词词义辨析。【试题解析】从语境可以看出，尽管大儿子 Mac 大学毕业参加工作了，但仍像以前一样打电话向母亲要午饭。他没得到午饭，就问母亲自己是不是因为做错了什么事，故选 A 项。39.A.any more B.enough C.once more D.better【标准答案】A。【高考考点】副词（短语）词义辨析。【试题解析】any more 不再；enough 足够的；once more 再一次，又一次；better 较好地。句意是“你不再爱我了吗，妈妈？”故选 A。40.A.interestingly B.bitterly C.politely D.laughingly【标准答案】D。【高考考点】副词词义辨析。【试题解析】interestingly 有趣地；bitterly 惨痛地；politely 有礼貌地；laughingly 笑着。句意是当“我”笑着问儿子怎么了时，他劈头就问了“我”几个问题。对儿子问的问题，作为母亲的“我”感到好笑。第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共阅读理解（共 25 小题。第一节每小题小题。第一节每小题 2 分，第二节每小题分，第二节每小题 1 分；满分分；满分 45 分）分）第一节第一节 阅读下列短文，从媒体所给的四个选项（阅读下列短文，从媒体所给的四个选项（A、和）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项、和）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。涂黑。There was a story many years ago of a school teacher-Mrs.Thompson.She told the children on the first day that she loved them all the same.But that was a lie.There in the front row was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard.He didnt play well with the other children and he always needed a bath.She did not like him.Then Mrs.Thompson got to know that Teddy was actually a very good boy before the death of his mother.Mrs.Thompson was ashamed of herself.She felt even worse when,like all her other students,Teddy brought her a Christmas present too.It was his mothers perfume(香水)。Teddy said,“Mrs.Thompson,today you smell just like my Mom used to.”After the children left she cried for at least an hour.On that very day,she stopped teaching reading,writing and math.Instead,she began to teach children.Mrs.Thompson paid particular attention to Teddy.The boys mind seemed to come alive.The more she encourage him,the faster he improved.By the end of the sixth grade,Teddy had become one of the smartest children in the class.Six years went by before she got a note from Teddy.He wrote that he had finished high school,third in his class,and she was still the best teacher he ever had in his whole lift.He went to college.Mrs.Thompson got two more letters from him with the last one signed,Theodore F.Stoddard,M.D.(医学博士).The story doesnt end there.On his wedding day,Dr.Stoddard whispered in Mrs.Thompsons ear,“Thank you,Mrs.Thompson,for believing in me.You made me feel important and showed me that I could make a difference.”Mrs.Thompson,with tears in her eyes,whispered back,“Teddy,you have it all wrong.You were the one who taught me that I could make a difference.I didnt know how to teach until I met you.”A 篇讲述一个失去母爱的小男孩的言行让他的老师完全改变了，即从知识的传授转变为对学生思想人格的教育。小男孩在老师的关爱和鼓励下也取得了优异的成绩。41.What did Mrs.Thompson do on the first day of school?A.She made Teddy feel ashamed B.She asked the children to play with Teddy.C.She changed Teddys seat to the front row.D.She told the class something untrue about herself.【标准答案】D。【高考考点】细节理解题。【试题解析】第一段 Mrs.Thompson.She told the children on the first day that she loved them all the same.But that was a lieBut that was a lie.可以看出她说爱班上每一人不是真话，Teddy 令她讨厌。42.What did Mrs.Thompson find out about Teddy?A.He often told lies.B.He was good at math.C.He needed motherly care.D.He enjoyed playing with others.【标准答案】C。【高考考点】细节理解题。【试题解析】从文章第二段开始 Then Mrs.Thompson got to know that Teddy was actually a very good boy before the death of his mother.知道 Teddy 在妈妈去世前是一个好孩子，只是在母亲去世后，才变得不爱和别人玩，变得很脏，不讨人喜欢。Teddy 送了 Mrs.Thompson 一瓶香水后，说 Mrs.Thompson,today you smell just like my Mom used to.可以看出 Teddy 缺乏母爱，需要母爱。43.In what way did Mrs.Thompson change?A.She taught fewer school subjects.B.She became stricter with her students.C.She no longer liked her job as a teacher.D.She cared more about educating students.【标准答案】D。【高考考点】细节理解题。【试题解析】从文章第三段的 On that very day,she stopped teaching reading,writing and math.Instead,she began to teach children.可以看出，Mrs.Thompson 不单单是教授学生们文化课程，而是更加在思想上和孩子们沟通。44.Why did Teddy thank Mrs.Thompson at his wedding?A.She had kept in touch with him.B.She had given him encouragement.C.She had sent him Christmas presents.D.She had taught him how to judge people.【标准答案】B。5【高考考点】细节理解题。【试题解析】从文章第四、五段可以看出，通过 Mrs.Thompson 的特别关注和鼓励，Teddy 进步很快，成了班上优秀的学生，后来还考上了大学，拿到了医学博士学位。B The Queens English is now sounding less upper-class,a scientific study of the Queens Christmas broadcasts had found.Researchers have studied each of her messages to the Commonwealth countries since 1952 to find out the change in her pronunciation from the noble Upper Received to the Standard Received.Jonathan Harrington,a professor at Germanys University of Munich,wanted to discover whether accent(口音)changers recorded over the past half century would take place within one person.“As far as I know,there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records,”he said.He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels(元音)had gradually lost ground as the noble upper-class accent over the past years.“Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago.But these are very,very small and slow changes that we dont notice from year to year.”“We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes,”he told The Daily Telegraph,a British newspaper.“In 1952 she would have been heard saying thet men in the bleck het.Now it would be that man in the black hat.And hame rather than home.In the 1950s she would have been lorst,but by the 1970s lost.”The Queens broadcast is a personal message to the Commonwealth countries.Each Christmas,the 10-minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 pm in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional turkey lunch.(传统火鸡午餐).The results were published(发表)in the Journal of Phonetics.阅读 B 篇则主要通过对 50 年来英国女王为国民每年祝词的录音研究，论证了人的口音会变化这一事实。45.The Queens broadcasts were chosen for the study mainly because _.A.she has been Queen for many years B.she has a less upper-class accent now C.her speeches are familiar to many people D.her speeches have been recorded for 50 years【标准答案】D。【高考考点】细节理解题。【试题解析】第二段最后一句 As far as I know,there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records 可知只有女王的讲话录音完整，具有研究