2015年天津市高考英语试卷解析版 .pdf

2015 年天津市高考英语试卷解析版年天津市高考英语试卷解析版 参考答案与试题解析参考答案与试题解析 一、选择题（共一、选择题（共 15 小题，每小题小题，每小题 1 分，满分分，满分 15 分）分）1（1 分）Sorry，LizI think I was a bit rude to you _，but dont do that again!（）AGo ahead BForget it CIt depends DWith pleasure【考点】JI：语言交际菁优网版权所有【分析】对不起，利兹我想我刚才对你粗鲁了点 不必在意，不过下次别这样了【解答】答案 B 选项 A Go ahead 的意思是：好吧，行啊；选项 B Forget it 的意思是：算了吧，不必在意；选项 C It depends 的意思是：那得看情况了；选项 D With pleasure 的意思是：乐意效劳 根据句意和选项的意思应该选择 B【点评】做这类题目，首先要正确理解四个选项的意思，然后分析各表达使用的场合，注意语境 2（1 分）The quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools（）Athat Bone Cit Dthis【考点】55：指示代词菁优网版权所有【分析】这所小学校的教育质量要比那些大学校的好【解答】答案：A 句中的代词要代替不可数名词 the quality of educationthat、it 和 one 都相当于 the+名词；one 和 it 都指代可数名词单数，故排除 B、C 两项；that 指代不可数名词，代同名异物，符合题意故选 A【点评】考查指示代词，只要分清泛指和特指，代替可数还是不可数名词即可 3（1 分）Only when Lily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home（）Ashe realized Bhas she realized Cshe has realized Ddid she realize【考点】GB：倒装句菁优网版权所有【分析】当李莉走进办公室的时候，她才发现她把合同落家里了【解答】本题选 D 解析：only 位于句首时，且后接时间状语从句或介词短语时，主句用部分倒装；如果位于句中，或者后接名词短语，则不需要倒装本题后接 when 引导的时间状语从句，主句要用部分倒装，结合主句过去完成时的时态，故选 D【点评】本题考查部分倒装的应用，应熟记引起倒装的一些特征词 4（1 分）Jack，you seem excited _？I won the first prize（）AGuess what BSo what CPardon me DWho cares【考点】JI：语言交际菁优网版权所有【分析】杰克，你看起来很激动 你猜到了吗？我得了第一名【解答】答案 A 选项 A Guess what 是指猜猜看，选项 B So what 是指那又怎么样，选项 C Pardon me 是指请问刚才你说的什么，再说一遍的意思，选项 D Who cares 是指谁管他呢，谁又在乎呢？根据句意，应该选择 A【点评】本题主要考察交际用语，可以根据句意以及选项本身的意义来进行选择 5（1 分）_ in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching（）ATo absorb BTo be absorbed CAbsorbed DAbsorbing【考点】BB：过去分词菁优网版权所有【分析】全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到夜幕降临了【解答】答案：Cbe absorbed in 为固定短语，译为全神贯注于，Absorbed 在句中作状语，表示被动A、B 项为不定式，一般表示将来；D 项为现在分词，表示主动 故选：C【点评】考查非谓语动词，分清不定式、现在分词和过去分词的用法就不难做出 6（1 分）Jane cant attend the meeting at 3oclock this afternoon because she _ a class at that time（）Awill teach Bwould teach Chas taught Dwill be teaching【考点】E3：一般将来时菁优网版权所有【分析】Jane 今天下午三点不能参加会议，因为那时她要上课【解答】答案：D A 项是一般将来时；B 项是过去将来时；C 项是现在完成时；D 项是将来进行时 由 at that time 可知，Jane 那时正在上课，而且是下午三点，还没发生，是将来正在进行着的动作；而一般将来时只是将要发生的动作，不强调正在进行故选 D 项【点评】考查时态，要抓住关键词，或时间状语还要分清每种时态的句子结构 7（1 分）I _ have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me（）Amightnt Bmustnt Cneednt Dcouldnt【考点】A6：情态动词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：在我去新学校之前我没有必要担忧，因为我这里的同学对我很友善【解答】答案 Cmightnt不可能；mustnt禁止，不允许；neednt没必要；couldnt不可能，不能因为我的同学对我很友善，所以我没有必要担忧，故答案选 C【点评】抓住题目的突破点，由句子中的因果关系可以确定选 C 8（1 分）_ for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule（）ATo work BWorked CTo be working DHaving worked【考点】B3：现在分词；HH：时间状语从句菁优网版权所有【分析】由于已经工作两天了，史蒂芬设法按时完成了工作【解答】答案：D 句子的主语 Steve 和 work 之间是主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词作状语用having worked 表示分词的动作发生在主句谓语动词 managed 的动作之前故选 D【点评】考查非谓语动词作状语，主要要分清句子的主语和非谓语动词之间是主动关系还是被动关系即可主动关系就用现在分词；被动关系就用过去分词如果分词的动作很明显地发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，则用分词的完成时，即 having done 9（1 分）Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement _ so far by the two sides（）Ahas been reached Bwas reached Cwill reach Dwill have reached【考点】F2：现在完成时的被动语态菁优网版权所有【分析】尽管以前经过多轮谈判，但是到目前为止双方还没有达成一致【解答】答案：A 由时间状语 so far 可知，句子应该用现在完成时态又因为 agreement 和 reach 之间是被动关系，故应该用现在完成时的被动语B 项是一般过去式；C 项是一般将来时；D 项是一般将来时的被动语态都不符合题意，都排除，故选：A【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态，要根据时间状语以及主语和动词之间的关系判断 10（1 分）Tom had to _ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy（）Aturn in Bturn down Cturn over Dturn to【考点】A9：动词短语菁优网版权所有【分析】上周汤姆因为太忙不得不拒绝晚会的邀请【解答】答案 B A 项意为上交，归还；B 项意为拒绝，关小点；C 项意为移交，翻转；D 项意为转向，求助于由于too busy，所以拒绝了邀请 故选：B【点评】考查动词短语辨析，正确分析句子意思及掌握每个动词短语的意思是做此类题的关键 11（1 分）If you have any doubts about your health，youd better _ your doctor at once（）Aconvince Bconsult Cavoid Daffect【考点】A8：实义动词菁优网版权所有【分析】如果你对你的健康有疑问，你最好咨询你的医生【解答】答案 B convince说服，信服；consult咨询，参考；avoid避免；affect影响have any doubts，就要咨询医生故选 B【点评】动词词义辨析题，分析句意和动词词义即可 12（1 分）We need to get to the root of the problem _ we can solve it（）Awhile Bafter Cbefore Das【考点】92：从属连词；HH：时间状语从句菁优网版权所有【分析】在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源【解答】本题答案 C 解析：本题考查时间状语从句中连词的用法，主句 We need to get to the root of the problem（我们需要找到问题的根源），从句 we can solve it（我们能够解决问题），根据分析，主从句缺少表时间的连接词，A while 当时候（一般与进行时连用），尽管 B after 在之后 C before 在之前 D as 正如，结合分析，故选 C【点评】考察时间状语从句的从属连词的习惯用法 13（1 分）I wish I _ at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then（）Awill be Bwould be Chave been Dhad been【考点】GJ：虚拟语气菁优网版权所有【分析】我希望上周二那天是在我姐姐的婚礼上，但是那会我正在纽约出差【解答】根据 last Tuesday 可知是对过去情况的假设，wish 后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气时从句中的谓语动词形式为 had done，故选 DA 选项为一般将来式，B 选项为过去将来式，C 选项为现在完成式，所以 ABC 都错误【点评】此题考查 wish 后跟宾语从句时用虚拟语气的情况分为三种情况：1对现在情况的假设：wish+主语+动词过去式（be 用 were）；2对过去情况的假设：wish+主语+had+过去分词；3对将来情况的假设：wish+主语+would/could+动词原形解题时先根据语境或时间副词/短语的提示，确定是对哪种情况的假设，再选用正确的谓语动词形式 14（1 分）See，your computer has broken down again!It doesnt _ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars（）Ahave Bmake Cdisplay Dbring【考点】A9：动词短语菁优网版权所有【分析】看，你的计算机又出故障了！只为省几美元而买最便宜牌子的计算机是没意义的【解答】答案：B 此题考查的是固定短语没意义英语为 make sense其它三个动词均没有此搭配 故选：B【点评】考查固定短语，记忆性的知识，只要平时多积累即可 15（1 分）The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work（）Awhere Bwhich Cwhen Dwho【考点】79：连接副词；H1：限制性定语从句；HL：目的状语从句菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：这个公司的老板在努力营造一个轻松的氛围，在这个轻松的氛围中，他的员工享受着他们的工作【解答】答案：A本题考查定语从句的关系词，从句中缺少状语，atmosphere 表示抽象地点的范畴，所以选择 where【点评】考查定语从句时，首先要分析从句中的句子成分，要看是否缺少主语或宾语、表语，如果缺少主语或宾语、表语，则用关系代词，如果缺少状语，则用关系副词 第二节：完形填空（共第二节：完形填空（共 1 小题：每小题小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1635 各题各题所给出的所给出的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。四个选项中选出最佳选项。16（30 分）My fiance（未婚夫）and I were excited about shopping for our first homeBut our funds were（16）B，and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory One agent（17）A a house in particularAlthough her description sounded wonderful，the price was（18）C our range，so we declinedBut she kept urging us to have a look（19）A We finally did and it was（20）C at first sightIt was Our Home，small and charming，overlooking a quiet lakeWalking through the rooms and talking with the owners，a nice elderly couple，we felt the warmth and（21）B of the marriage within that homeAs perfect as it was，the price remained too high for usBut every day，we would sit by the lake，looking at the house and dreaming of（22）D it would be like to live there Days later，we made a（n）（23）Bfar below the asking priceSurprisingly，they didnt（24）D usThey renewed their offer（25）AIt was also much more than we could afford，but far（26）Cthan the original asking price The next day，we got a（27）B message that another buyer had offered a much higher priceEven so，we decided to talk with the（28）D directlyWe made our final offer，which（29）B was thousands of dollars less than the other buyers bidWe knew it，（30）D we had to try Sold!said the ownerThen he（31）D：Hed seen us sitting by the lake all those times；he knew how much we loved the place and that wed（32）Cthe years of work they had put into their home；he realized he would take a（33）A by selling it to us，but it was worthwhile；we were the people they wanted to live thereHe told us to consider the（34）B in the pricean early wedding present Thats how we found our home and how I learned that when people are（35）A they are not strangers，only friends we havent yet met 16Aneeded Blimited Cenough Dlarge 17Arecommended Bdecorated Csold Drented 18Abelow Bwithin Cbeyond Dbetween 19Aat least Bat most Cat times Dat hand 20Arelief Bconcern Clove Dcuriosity 21Apride Bhappiness Cchallenge Ddesire 22Awhich Bwhy Cthat Dwhat 23Aeffort Boffer Cpromise Dprofit 24Acome across Blook after Cdepend on Dlaugh at 25Ainstead Bindeed Caside Dapart 26Aworse Bbetter Cless Dhigher 27Arelaxing Bdisappointing Cpleasant Dregular 28Aagents Bbuyers Cmanagers Downers 29Aalready Bstill Cgenerally Dever 30Aso Bor Cfor Dbut 31Aapologized Bcomplained Ccriticized Dexplained 32Acheck Banalyze Cappreciate Dignore 33Aloss Brisk Cchance Dlead 34Aincrease Bdifference Cinterest Daverage 35Akind Bpolite Csmart Denergetic【考点】L1：记叙文菁优网版权所有【分析】文章大意：作者和未婚夫准备买房结婚，但是资金有限一次作者对一个房子一见钟情，但价格仍然很高，但通过最后的努力，作者以很低的价格买到了心仪的房子【解答】16B 形容词以及对语境的理解Aneeded 需要的；Blimited 有限的；Cenough 足够的；Dlarge 大的根据下一句中的 and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory可知我们的钱是有限的所以答案选 B 17A 动词辨析Arecommended 推荐；Bdecorated 装修；Csold 卖；Drented 租根据后句Although her description sounded wonderful 可知一个代理人特别向我们推荐一栋房子所以本题选 A 18C 介词辨析Abelow 在下面；Bwithin 在里面；Cbeyond 超过；Dbetween 在之间根据后句 so we declined可知价格超过了我们的范围故选 C 19A介词短语辨析Aat least 至少；Bat most 至多；Cat times 有时；Dat hand 在附近根据上下文可知，她不停的催促，所以我们至少去看一看所以本题选 A 20C名词辨析Arelief 欣慰；Bconcern 关注；Clove 爱；Dcuriosity 好奇根据后句 It was Our Home，small and charming，overlooking a quiet lake可知我们对此房一见钟情故选 C 21B名词辨析Apride 自豪；Bhappiness 快乐；Cchallenge 挑战；Ddesire 要求根据上下文可知，跟和善的一对房主夫妇交谈，我们感到温馨与快乐所以本题选 B 22D考查名词性从句的连接代词Awhich 哪一个；Bwhy 为什么；Cthat 那个；Dwhat 什么宾语从句中 be like 缺少宾语，故用连接代词 what所以选 D 23B名词辨析 Aeffort 努力；Boffer 提供；Cpromise 许诺；Dprofit 利润根据后句far below the asking price 可知是 make an offer，意思是出价所以选 B 24D动词短语辨析Acome across 偶然遇到；Blook after 照顾；Cdepend on 依靠；Dlaugh at 嘲笑根据句意可知，令人惊讶的是，他们没有嘲笑我们所以选 D 25A副词辨析Ainstead 相反 Bindeed 的确；Caside 在旁；Dapart 分开地相反地，他们更新了他们的出价所以本题选 A 26C形容词辨析Aworse 更糟的；Bbetter 更好的；Cless 更少的；Dhigher 更高的根据句意可知：虽然他们更新之后出的价是超过我们的支付能力，但比原来的要价要少得多所以选 C 27B 形容词辨析Arelaxing 轻松的；Bdisappointing 令人失望的；Cpleasant 令人愉快的；Dregular 有规律的根据下一句that another buyer had offered a much higher price可知我们得到的是一个令人失望的消息所以选 B 28D 名词辨析Aagents 代理人；Bbuyers 买方；Cmanagers 经理；Downers 物主根据句意可知，有人出了很高的价格买这个房子，所以，我们决定直接跟房东谈故本题选 D 29B副词辨析Aalready 已经；Bstill 仍然；Cgenerally 普遍地；Dever 曾经句意为：我们给出我们最终的价格，但是仍然比另外的一个买家出价少很多故选 B 30D考查连词辨析 Aso 如此，因此；Bor 或者；Cfor 为了；Dbut 但是句意为：我们知道这一点（出的价格比别人低），但是我们不得不去试一下因此前后句之间的关系是转折关系，故用连词but选 D 31D动词辨析Aapologized 道歉；Bcomplained 抱怨；Ccriticized 指责；Dexplained 解释房主最终同意卖，后面的主要是房主解释的内容所以选 D 32C动词辨析Acheck 检查；Banalyze 分析；Cappreciate 感激；欣赏；Dignore 忽视其原因是我们会感激并珍惜他们投入这个房子多年的努力所以本题选 C 33A名词辨析Aloss 损失；Brisk 冒险；Cchance 机会；Dlead 带领根据上下文可知，把房子卖给我们，他将会有损失，所以选 A 34B 名词辨析 Aincrease 增加；Bdifference 不同；Cinterest 兴趣；Daverage 平均他告诉我们会考虑把价格之间的差额（房主出的价和我们出的价之间的差额）作为一份提前的结婚礼物所以选 B 35A形容词辨析Akind 热心的；Bpolite 有礼貌的；Csmart 漂亮的；Denergetic 精力充沛的根据后句 they are not strangers，only friends we havent yet met可知：当人们是善良的，他们不是陌生人，仅仅是之前我们还没有遇到的朋友所以选择 A【点评】记叙文完形填空题多半以事情发展的顺序进行叙述正确把握文章的发展顺序对于把握文章的主旨有着重要的意义，因此在选择答案时可以先理情人物的关系及各自所做的事情，再结合各选项中词汇的辨析，选出正确答案 第二部分：阅读理解（共第二部分：阅读理解（共 4 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 50 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四四个选项中，选出最佳选项。个选项中，选出最佳选项。17（12.5 分）University Room Regulations Approved and Prohibited Items The following items are approved for use in residential（住宿的）rooms：electric blankets，hair dryers，personal computers，radios，televisions and DVD playersItems that are not allowed in student rooms include：candles，ceiling fans，fireworks，waterbeds，sun lamps and wireless routersPlease note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life Access to Residential Rooms Pet Policy No pets except fish are permitted in student roomsStudents who are found with pets，whether visiting or owned by the student，are subject to an initial fine of 100andacontinuingfineof50 a day per petStudents receive written notice when the fine goes into effectIf，one week from the date of written notice，the pet is not removed，the student is referred to the Student Court Quiet Hours Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the UniversityMinimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11：00 pm to 8：00 am Sunday through ThursdayQuiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1：00 am to 8：00 amStudents who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of 25 36Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms？D ACeiling fans and waterbeds BWireless routers and radios CHair dryers and candles DTVs and electric blankets 37What if a student is found to have told his combination to others？A AThe combination should be changed BThe Office should be charged CHe should replace the door lock DHe should check out of the room 38What do we know about the cooking policy？A AA microwave oven can be used BCooking in student rooms is permitted CA housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen DStudents are to close kitchen doors after cooking 39If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning，he will faceC Aparent visits Ba fine of 100 Cthe Student Court Da written notice 40When can students enjoy a party in residences？D A.7：00am，Sunday B.7：30am，Thursday C.11：30pm，Monday D.00：30am，Saturday【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读；P2：文中细节菁优网版权所有【分析】本文介绍了大学住宿制度中的五项规定：允许和禁止的物品：允许使用电热毯、电吹风、个人电脑、收音机、电视和 DVD 播放器；不允许使用蜡烛、吊扇、烟火、电热充水床垫、日光灯和无线路由器，如果携带会被没收 宿舍的密码锁：密码要保密，如果发现将密码告诉他人，the Office of Residence Life 可以随时更改房门锁的组合密码，费用将由学生承担 做饭的政策：学生只允许在厨房里做饭且必须收拾干净，除了可以使用小的微波炉来加热食物外，不允许学生在房间里做饭 养宠物的政策：除了鱼，其它宠物禁止带入室内，如果发现，将罚款 50100 美金，如果在接到书面通知后的一星期里没有移走宠物，将被送交学生法庭处理 保持安静的时间规定：为保证有良好的学习环境，必须保持安静的氛围，学生应该在周五和周六的凌晨 1：00 到早上 8：00 保持安静，在周日到周四的凌晨 11：00 到早上 8：00 保持安静，违者处以罚金【解答】36D 考查细节理解 根据第一部分中的The following items are approved for use in residential（住宿的）rooms：electric blankets，hair dryers，personal computers，radios，televisions and DVD players可知，在学生宿舍里允许使用电热毯、电吹风、个人电脑、收音机、电视和 DVD 播放器，故选 D 37A 考查细节理解 根据第二部分中的The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others可知，如果发现学生将组合密码告诉他人，the Office of Residence Life 可以随时更改房门锁的组合密码，费用将由学生承担，故选 A 38A 考查细节理解 根据第三部分中的With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food，students are not permitted to cooked in their rooms可知，除了可以使用小的微波炉来加热食物外，不允许学生在房间里做饭，由此可知选 A 39C 考查细节理解 根据第四部分中的If，one week from the date of written notice，the pet is not removed，the student is referred to the Student Court可知，如果学生在接到书面通知后的一星期里没有移走宠物，他将被送交学生法庭处理，故选 C 40D 考查细节理解 根据最后一部分Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1：00 am to 8：00 am可知，学生应该在周五和周六的凌晨 1：00 到早上 8：00 保持安静，由此可知 D 项正确【点评】广告布告类阅读试题目的是为了向读者传输信息，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息做题时，要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果 18（12.5 分）Whether in the home or the workplace，social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few yearsSocial robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way，said Cynthia Breazeal，chief scientist at the robot company Jibo While household robots today do the normal housework，social robots will be much more like companions than mere toolsFor example，these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sadThis allows them to respond more appropriately to the user The Jibo robot，arranged to ship later this year，is designed to be a personalized assistantYou can talk to the robot，ask it questions，and make requests for it to perform different tasksThe robot doesnt just deliver general answers to questions；it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the householdIt can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos Social robots are not just finding their way into the homeThey have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the marketThe companysOshbotrobot is built to assist customers in a store，which can help the customers find items and he