资源描述
绝密★启用前
2020年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）
英语试卷
（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）
考生注意：
答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A policeman. D. A boss.
2. A. Worried. B. Anxious. C. At ease. D. Excited.
3. A. He plays the violin very well. B. He was surprised by the woman’s skills.
C. He never knew the woman before. D. He will win the competition.
4. A. The ticket is still expensive. B. The ticket is very cheap.
C. He is jealous of the girl. D. He doesn’t want to buy the ticket.
5. A. They are talking about a song. B. They are talking about an opera.
C. They are talking about a film. D. They are talking about a novel.
6. A. She doesn’t like basketball.
B. She thinks there is no valuable player.
C. She doesn’t want to talk with the man.
D. She is disappointed with their basketball team.
7. A. She thinks the man disturbs her. B. The man is out of luck.
C. The only position was occupied yesterday. D. She wants the man called her yesterday.
8. A. They will have a date. B. They will go shopping together.
C. They will attend class in the school. D. They will play badminton together.
9. A. They have enough time to finish this work.
B. They are unlucky to do this big assignment.
C. He doesn’t think it’s a big assignment.
D. He will not start working on this task until next month.
10. A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Thursday. D. On Sunday.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passage and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. The pizzas become cold when they reach you.
B. The pizzas need a long time to deliver.
C. The pizzas need a long time to cook.
D. It takes too much manpower to make pizzas.
12. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. Half an hour. D. An hour.
13. A. Online shopping can stimulate consumption.
B. Working together with robots can improve our efficiency.
C. We should take the good use of the fragmented time.
D. The pizza house improved the speed of making pizzas.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Because the workforce is not well-trained.
B. Because supermarkets don’t have the space to add more checkout lines.
C. Because their security systems is never upgraded.
D. Because there are always many interruptions.
15. A. We should make sure that each customer has a checkout counters.
B. Another line is always moving faster than yours.
C. The chances of your line being the quickest is lower.
D. We are in bad luck if we choose the slowest line.
16. A. How can we choose the fastest line when we check out.
B. We can beat the system if given the chance
C. Queueing theory can provide an explanation to checkout at the store.
D. More complex problems are passed up to people with more training.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. She will talk with George and help him out.
B. She will take George to consult a psychologist.
C. She will take George to play baseball.
D. She will help George to get the promotion.
18. A. He thinks George is good at cooking.
B. He thinks George will be fine.
C. He thinks George needs to consult a psychologist.
D. He think George is a sentimental man.
19. A. George just wanted to stay alone.
B. George’s favorite basketball team was lost in the game.
C. George was crossed in love recently.
D. George didn’t get the promotion he was promised.
20. A. Maggie loves Jack very much.
B. Maggie is George’s sister.
C. Maggie takes George and Jake like a family.
D. Maggie is not optimistic at all.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Ball Game of Mesoamerica
The sport known simply as the Ball Game was popular across Mesoamerica and played by all the major civilizations from the Olmecs to the Aztecs. The impressive stone courts became a staple feature of acity’s sacred complex and there were often several playing courts in a single city. (21)_________ it is more than just a game, the event could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology. The contests even supplied candidates for human sacrifice, for the sport could, quite literally, be a game of life or death.
The game (22) _________ (invent) sometime in the Preclassical Period (2500—100 BCE), probably by the Olmec, and became a common Mesoamerican-wide feature of the urban landscape by the Classical Period (300—900 CE). Eventually, the game was even exported to other cultures in North America and the Caribbean.
In Mesoamerican mythology the game is an important element in the story of the Maya gods Hun Hunahpú and Vucub Hunahpú. The pair annoyed the gods of the underworld with their noisy playing and the two brothers were tricked into descending into Xibalba (the underworld) _________ (23) they were challenged to a ball game. (24) _________ (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) _________ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game.
In (26) _________ legend, a famous ball game was held at the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan (27) _________ the Aztec king Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (r. 1502—1520 CE) and the king of Texcoco. The latter (28) _________ (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth of this bold prediction. Motecuhzoma lost the game and did, of course, lose his kingdom at the hands of the invaders from the Old World. The story also supports the idea (30) _________ the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. focused B. collaborating C. assumed D. occupations
E. frustrations F. widespread G. necessarily H. extension
I. experiences J. mistakes K. crucially
Burnout in the Hospital：Why Doctors Are Set Up for Stress
Some experts call physician bum out “inevitabl”, given the high-pressure environment in which they must make potentially life-saving, and almost always life-altering, choices on a constant basis. Research shows that up to 40% of U. S. doctors experience emotional, physical, and psychological burnout from their jobs, and the consequences are no different for them than they are for people in other (31) _________ — substance abuse and cutting comers.
In the premiere issue of the journal Burnout Research, which is devoted to research on the topic, Anthony Montgomery, an associate professor in the Psychology of Work and Organizations in the University of Macedonia in Greece, (32) _________ on physician burnout, and argues that the way doctors are trained may set them up for a career of (33) _________ and high-stress situations. And the consequences may be hurting the care they provide patients.
He says that while doctors interact with people on a daily basis, their training and their worth as physicians are focused almost entirely on their technical capabilities, leaving them with few tools for understanding and navigating social interactions and for (34) _________ as part of a larger team or organization.
Montgomery argues that most medical students are chosen because of their high-test scores, so medical school becomes like a(n) (35) _________ of school. They then become residents, thrown into a more social environment in which they are expected to interact with patients, hospital staff and colleagues in ways they may not have expected to or been prepared to do. It’s (36) _________ they have the leadership skills and the proper emotional capacity to guide patients through extremely stressful and often traumatic (37) _________, but not having the tools to manage these situations can be stressful on the doctors themselves. While burnout among physicians is (38) _________, some studies have shown surgeons and OBGYNs can be at a particularly high risk.
“The irony is that doctors are the one group of people we don’t want to be stressed, yet we are increasing the possibility for them to make (39) _________,” says Montgomery. “Doctors understand that their job is to be the best doctor they can, but they do not (40)_________ understand their part in helping the hospital as a whole better serve the community.” In his practice, for example, Montgomery says that his colleagues admitted to learning skills like communication and teamwork on the job, after they left medical school.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context..
“Clean eating” is a phrase thrown around a lot in the health-and-wellness scene. I use it all the time. I (41) _________ it because there’s no formal definition, and it’s not a one-size-fits-all plan. Let’s face it: There isn’t one perfect plan that will work for everyone, (42) _________ or behaviorally. Our bodies work differently from one another. Some physiologically need more fat, some need more carbs, and all need different mixes of vitamins and minerals.
Behaviorally, there isn’t one plan that fits everyone’s (43) _________, either. Some of us (44) _________ daily, while some of us can’t make toast. For some, food is often out of their control, and they (45) _________ hotels, airports and restaurants, while others raise, grow and cook their own food. We also have different (46) _________. Some have had a health scare or are feeling low-energy and sluggish, and are curious about whether food could make them feel better; some are concerned about the environment and ecology, and the impact of how foods are grown and sold; some have yet other (47) _________.
These (48) _________ are important, because your version of clean will depend on your values and goals. Forcing yourself or someone else into an eating plan is (49) _________ a foundation for success. Instead, understanding why you are doing what you are doing will help you make choices you can stick with and make you feel better about how you eat.
When I think of eating clean, what comes to mind is knowing exactly what I’m putting into my body and making mindful decisions that are (50) _________ my values. You have seen people who ask several questions before ordering at a restaurant or making a choice at a grocery store. While it can be entertaining (or frustrating) to watch, being curious about what’s in your food is fair game and, I would argue, important. We live in a world where we must ask questions because we can’t (51) _________ that we’re eating whole foods. I don’t necessarily need to meet the farmer growing my spuds, but when I eat mashed potatoes, I want to be sure they are, well, actual (52) _________. I don’t think that’s too much to ask.
The best first step toward clean eating is knowing what’s on your (53) _________. Everything on it! We are trained to look at calories and grams on food labels, but I (54) _________ you to look at ingredients first. Do you understand what is in the food you are about to eat? Are you okay with eating those ingredients? Not all food products are the same. Take a moment and compare products based to on ingredients, (55)_________ solely calories, to decide whether they’re what you want.
41. A. change B. favor C. charge D. alter
42. A. accidently B. deliberately C. physiologically D. crucially
43. A. lifestyle B. handwork C. willpower D. income
44. A. cook B. buy C. sell D. handle
45. A. center in B. go on C. catch in D. rely on
46. A. ambitions B. compliments C. motivations D. procedures
47. A. challenges B. concerns C. benefits D. damages
48. A. scales B. declines C. ranges D. distinctions
49. A. rarely B. really C. mostly D. largely
50. A. in search of B. in honor of C. in line with D. with respect to
51. A. maintain B. deny C. guarantee D. separate
52. A. potatoes B. tomatoes C. heroes D. zeroes
53. A. desk B. plate C. pot D. handle
54. A. persuade B. encourage C. provide D. convince
55. A. apart from B. more than C. less than D. rather than
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
When I was in high school, I wanted to attend an Ivy League university on the East Coast. I had the grades and SAT scores to get into Harvard but my father refused to pay even though tuition back then was much more affordable than it is today, well within the means of our family. I went to UCLA instead, a good university but not an Ivy. I worked at least 20 hours per week throughout my four years and have always felt that I missed out on a lot of college. I feel that I didn’t have enough time to devote to my studies. One of my biggest regrets is not having had the kind of immersion experience that my oldest son enjoyed. I envy him, but it’s not a bitter feeling. It doesn’t make me lose sight of my own accomplishments and the very real goodness in my life so far.
I believe my own father envied me, too. Early in high school, he had to drop out and help support his family during the Depression. Although he never said as much, I know he wished he could have finished high school and gone on to higher education. I was the only one of his children to do so. When I earned my doctorate and built a life as a professional, he felt a mixture of pride, vicarious fulfillment and envy.
I graduated first in my high school class. Years later, I learned that for months after, Dad had carried the little slip announcing my class rank in his pocket, showing it to friends and business associates. He was obviously proud, thou
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