七年制医学耳鼻喉5喉阻塞.pptx

laryngemphraxis（喉梗阻）（喉梗阻）lesions of larynx and neighbor tissuse lead to the obstruction of the airway(通道)and finally result in the dyspnea（呼吸困难）.narrowness-obstruction1.Etiology 病因学病因学(1)Inflamation 炎症炎症(2)Trauma 外伤外伤(3)Foreign body 异物异物(4)Tumor 肿瘤肿瘤(5)Deformity 畸形畸形(6)paralysis of vocal cord 声带瘫痪声带瘫痪（7）Edema 水肿2.Clinical Appearance 临床表现临床表现(1)inspiratory dysplasia 吸气性呼吸困难吸气性呼吸困难(2)inspiratory strider 吸气性喘鸣吸气性喘鸣(3)retraction of the four concave signs 四凹征四凹征(4)hoarseness 声嘶声嘶(5)cyanosis （紫绀）（紫绀）吸气期呼吸困难示意图吸气期呼吸困难示意图吸气期软组织凹陷吸气期软组织凹陷3.ExaminationI no inspiratory dysplasia in silenceII inspiratory dysplasia in silence without hypoxia（缺氧）（缺氧）III inspiratory displasia with hypoxiaIV inspiratory dysplasia seriously4.Diagnosis easy to diaglosis5.differential diagnosis inspiratory dysplasia（吸气性呼吸困难）（吸气性呼吸困难）expiratory displasia（呼气性呼吸困难）（呼气性呼吸困难）mixed dysplasia（混合性呼吸困难）（混合性呼吸困难）3种阻塞性呼吸困难鉴别要点种阻塞性呼吸困难鉴别要点6.TreatmentI to make the original disease clear and treat it at once to make the original disease clear and treat it at once 明确病因，积极治疗明确病因，积极治疗明确病因，积极治疗明确病因，积极治疗II inflamation-inflamation-enough antibiotics and hormone enough antibiotics and hormone 药物治疗药物治疗药物治疗药物治疗 tumor or trauma paralysis of vocal cord-tracheotomytumor or trauma paralysis of vocal cord-tracheotomy 可行气管切开术可行气管切开术可行气管切开术可行气管切开术III inflamation-inflamation-medicine treatment 药物治疗药物治疗药物治疗药物治疗 Prepare Prepare for for the the tracheotomytracheotomy准准准准备备备备气气气气管管管管切切切切开开开开术术术术 -Tumor-Tumor-tracheotomy at once 立刻立刻立刻立刻气管切开术气管切开术气管切开术气管切开术IV Time is important Time is important tracheotomy immediately tracheotomy immediately 气管切开术气管切开术气管切开术气管切开术 或或或或 环甲膜切开术环甲膜切开术环甲膜切开术环甲膜切开术1.切开颈段气管前壁并插入气管套管，使病切开颈段气管前壁并插入气管套管，使病 人人直直接接经经套套管管呼呼吸吸的的手手术术，是是抢抢救救危危重重病病人的急救手术人的急救手术2.Indication（适应证）（适应证）(1)larygeal obstruction IIIIV(2)lower respiratery tract obstruction coma etc(3)prophylactic surgery（预防性手术）（预防性手术）(4)long time assistant respiration