英语种时态表格.doc

英语共有16种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完毕时、过去完毕时、将来完毕时、现在完毕进行时和过去完毕进行时。此外四种时态较少使用。
一般现在时与一般过去时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
重要用法
一般现在时
1 be动词用am/is/are表达，之后接名词，形容词或介词。
sometimes;often;usually;every…;always;never;once/twice/… a week/month/year;on Sundays/Mondays/….;
一般现在时表达没有时限的持久存在的习惯性的动作或状态，或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态
2行为动词用V原形或V-s/es，引导疑问句和否认句，用do或don’t；第三人称时用does或doesn’t,有does出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句V后加s或es.
一般过去时。
1．be动词用过去式was或 were表达。
yesterday;the day before yesterday;last week/month/year/….;… ago;a moment ago;just now;on/in+过去的时间;
在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
2行为动词用V-ed，陈述句，疑问句和否认句借助于did,有did出现动词用原形。

一般将来时与过去将来时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
重要用法

一般将来时
1 任何人称+will+V原形.
tomorrow,
the day after tomorrow;
soon;
next week/month/year/...;
the week/month/year/... after next;
on/in +将来的时间；
in+一段时间；.
即将发生动作或状态。
陈述句：I will fly to HongKong tomorrow.
He will go with us.
We will arrive in Shanghai next week.
否认句:I will never believe you again.
He will not come tonight.
We will not buy a car next year.
一般疑问句:Will you go there by train?
Will he come tomorrow?
Will they live a five-star hotel?
2 is/am/are+going to+V原形，表达计划打算做什么事情。
陈述句：I’m going to go to Hongkong by air.　
否认句:We are not going to buy a house here.
一般疑问句:Are they going to change their jobs?　
特殊疑问句:How are you going to tell him?
过去将来时
was/were going to +V原形
多用在宾语从句中
在过去将会发生的动作。
陈述句：I was going to buy a computer.
They told me that they were not going to go abroad.
否认句:I was not going to buy a computer.
任何人称+would +V原形
He said he would come in in Shanghai.　
I said I would buy you a car one day.

现在进行时、过去进行时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
重要用法

现在进行时
is/am/are+V-ing　
now；
at present;
at the moment;
Look!(放在句首);
Listen! (放在句首);
表达现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
陈述句：I’m waiting for my boy friend.
He is doing the housework at home now.
We are enjoying ourselves.
否认句:He is not playing toys.
一般疑问句:Are you having dinner at home?
Is Tim cooking in the kitchen?
特殊疑问句:What are you doing now?
Where are they having a meal?
过去进行时
was/were+V-ing
at that time;
at this time yesterday;
at+时间点+yesterday/last night;
at that moment;
过去一段时间正在发生的动作。
陈述句：I was doing my homework at that time.
We were having a party while he was sleeping.
否认句:He was not sleeping at 11 o’clock last night.
一般疑问句: Were you watching TV at that time?
特殊疑问句: What were you doing at that moment?

现在完毕时、过去完毕时
时态名称
结构
常连用的词
重要用法

现在完毕时
have/has+ p.p（过去分词）
already；just；before;
yet(否认句中)；ever；never；once/twice/…
for+一段时间；
since +时间点；
since+一段时间+ago;
by+现在时间；
so far; up to now; till now; until now;
recently/lately;
during/over/in thepast/last….
用来表达之前已发生或完毕的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表达连续到现在的动作或状态。简朴的说，就是动作已经发生对现在导致明显的影响。
陈述句：I have already told Davy. Davy has known this matter.
He has lived here for nearly 10 years.
否认句:I haven’t finished my homework..
Tim hasn’t come yet.
We haven’t heard any news about him
一般疑问句: Has he worked here since he came here?
特殊疑问句: How long have you worked in this company?
特别注意：
1. have/has always been+名词/形容词/介词：总是或一直是什么样子。。。
He has always been a good father. I have always been busy.
They have always been in America.
2. have/has gone to:去了。。。
He has gone to Beijing.
They have gone to the cinema.
3. have/has been to:表达去过或到过。。。
I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hongkong?
Where have you been?I have never been here.
过去完毕时
had + p.p（过去分词）
过去的过去：
by+过去的时间；
表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间状语。
动作发生在过去的过去。
陈述句：He said he had told Davy.
They told us they had finished the work.
He left the office after he had called Davy.
否认句:She hadn’t had dinner before she went out.　
一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?
特殊疑问句:how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year?

Simple Present

一般现在时

Simple Past

一般过去时
Simple Future

一般将来时

句子结构:主语+V

句子结构:主语+V-ed

句子结构:主语+will+V.   
句子结构:主语+be  going to+V

I study English everyday.

我天天都学习英语.

Two  years ago, I studied English in
America.

两年前,我在美国学英语.

If  you are having problems, I will help you  study English.

假如你在学习英语当中,碰到问题,我将帮助你.

   I’m going to study English next year.

我明年将开始学习英语.

Present  Continuous

现在进行时

Past  Continuous

过去进行时
Future  Continuous

将来进行时

句子结构:主语+be+doing

句子结构:主语+was/were+doing

句子结构:主语+will  be+doing
   句子结构:主语+be  going to+be+doing

I am studying English now.

我正在学习英语.

I was studying English when

you  called yesterday.

你昨天给我打电话的时候,我正在学习英语.
I will be studying English when you arrive tonight.

明晚你来的时候,我会正在学习英语.

   I’m going to be studying English when you arrive tonight。
Present  Perfect

现在完毕时

Past  Perfect

过去完毕时
Future  Perfect

将来完毕时

句子结构:主语+have/has  done

句子结构:主语+had  done

句子结构:主语+will+have  done
   句子结构:
主语+be  going to+have done

I have studied English in several different countries.

在一些国家,我已经学习了英语.

I had studied a little English before I moved to the  U.S.

在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了一点英语.
I will have studied every tense by the time I finish this  course.

在我完毕这个课程的时候,我已经能完毕英语时态的学习了.
   I’m going to have studied every tense by the time I finish this  course.
Present  Perfect Continuous

现在完毕进行时

Past  Perfect Continuous

过去完毕进行时
Future  Perfect Continuous

将来完毕进行时

句子结构:主语+have/has  been doing

I have been studying English for ten years.

我已经学习英语有十年的时间了.

句子结构:主语+had  been doing

I had been studying English for ten years before I moved to  the U.S.

在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了十年的英语了.
句子结构:主语+will  have been doing

I will have been studying English for over three hours by the time  you arrive.

明晚你来的时候,我已经学习英语3个小时了.

句子结构:主语+be  going to have been doing

I’m going to have beenstudying  English for over three hours by the time you arrive

同上.