初中英语常见动词短语汇总及练习题(附解析).docx

初中英语高频考点之动词短语及习题(附解析)一.同一动词不同介词副词break 短语break in 打断；闯入break into 破门而入break out 爆发break up 打碎；结束；解散break down 发生故障；抛锚，分解break away 脱离，放弃come短语come up 升起；发生come up with 想出（主意）come across (偶然)遇见(或发现)come along 进展；一起去come down下降；下落come in 进来come from来自come back 回来come on 赶快；加油come out出版，发行；出现；开花；发芽come over 过来；顺便来访come true(希望、梦想等)实现，成为现实cut 短语cut up 切碎cut down 砍到，消减cut off 切断，切除cut out 删除；删去；剪下cut in 插嘴fall短语fall into 落入；陷入fall behind 落后fall down 摔倒，倒塌fall off (从上)掉下fall asleep 入睡fall over 绊倒；跌倒get短语get away 逃离get back返回get down 下降get on上车get off下车get over 克服get up起床；起来get along/on with sb. 与某人相处go短语go away走开;离开go back回去go up上升；增长go out出去；熄灭go off（闹钟）发出响声go over仔细检查；复习go through通过give短语give away赠送；分发give back还给；归还；恢复(健康等)give in投降，屈服give out发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发give up放弃jump短语jump into 跳入jump over 跳过jump off 跳离leave短语leave for 出发前往；动身去leave behind 留下；遗留leave out 遗漏；省去；不考虑leave alone 不打扰；不理look短语look after 照顾；照看look at看look around 环顾四周look for寻找；寻求look into 调查look out当心look over (仔细)检查look through浏览look up(在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找look up to钦佩；仰慕；尊敬look down upon瞧不起look forward to 盼望；期待put短语put away把收起来；储存备用put down写下；放下put off推迟；拖延put on穿上；上演；增加put out扑灭；熄灭(火)；伸出put up 张贴；搭建put back 放回原处；把（钟）拨慢take短语take away拿走；带走take down取下；记下；拆卸take in吸入；吞入(体内)take out取出take off 脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞take up占据(时间、空间)；开始从事；拿起take care当心；小心take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像take care of照看；照顾turn短语turn down调低；拒绝turn up 调高；出现turn on打开；接通turn off 关闭；切断 turn out结果是turn in上交send 短语send out 发出，发送，派遣send up 发射send for 派人去请send in 寄去，递交二.不同动词同一介词副词about短语care about 关心；在意hear about （=hear of ）听说talk about谈论；讨论； think about考虑；认为throw about 乱丢；抛撒worry about担心at短语point at 指向look at 看（某人）throw at 投向；掷向laugh at (sb.)嘲笑（某人）knock at 敲shout at（sb.)对（某人）大喊aim at 瞄准；旨在away短语get away逃离give away 赠送；分发put away把收起来；储存备用run away逃跑；跑掉take away 拿走throw away扔掉move away 搬走，移开back短语bring back 恢复；使想起；归还come back回来get back回来；恢复give back归还；送回go back 回去talk back 回嘴；顶嘴pay back 偿还(借款等)down短语break down 停止运转；出故障calm down 保持冷静cut down砍倒；削减fall down 落下；摔倒get down 下来；落下put down 写下；记下；放下shut down 关上；停业shoot down 射下，击落take down 拆除；记录turn down调低；关小；拒绝write down写下；记下in短语believe in信任；信赖bring in 引进；生产check in 报到；登记come in进来hand in交上；提交；呈送take in吸入；吞入(体内)；理解；欺骗join in 参加，加入of短语hear of 听说think of 想起；认为；考虑get out of 离开；从出来take care of照顾；照看off短语break off突然中止；中断cut off切除；切断drop off 减少；下降fall off从掉下get off脱下；下车go off (闹钟)发出响声；发出（光、热等）keep off勿踏；勿踩knock off 停止做某事pay off偿清(欠款等)put off推迟；拖延run off 跑掉；迅速离开see off（为某人）送行set off动身（去某地）；起程send off 派遣shut off关闭；停止运转take off 脱下（衣服），（飞机等）起飞tell off 责备；分派turn off 关闭on短语put on 穿上turn on打开fight on坚持pass on 传递keep on继续（进行）try on试穿；试试看work on从事；忙于depend on依赖come on赶快；加油；来吧hold on等一等（别挂电话）out短语blow out 吹灭break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发bring out 使显现；使表现出check out查看；观察clean out清除；把打扫干净clear out 清理；丢掉come out出版；发表cut out 删除；删去find out查明；弄清 get out 出去，离开give out发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发go out 出去；熄灭hand out分发；发放hang out 闲逛keep out不让.进入leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略look out留神；当心put out扑灭；熄灭(火)point out 指出run out 用尽；耗尽sell out卖完；售光set out 出发；启程stand out 站出来；突出；坚持到底take out取出work out算出；解决help (sb.) out帮助(某人)解决困难over短语come over 过来；顺便来访fall over 绊倒；跌倒get over 克服；恢复；原谅go over 仔细检查；复习look over(仔细)检查think over 仔细考虑up短语bring up教育；培养；提出cheer up使振奋；使高兴起来(cheer sb. up)clean up(把)打扫干净；(把)收拾整齐cut up切碎dress up穿上盛装；装扮eat up 吃光；吃完fix up修理；修补get up 起床give up放弃grow up成长；长大hang up挂断电话hurry up赶快look up(在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找make up 编造；形成；组成pick up捡起；接电话put up张贴；搭建ring up 打电话send up 发射，把送上去set up建立；创立；开办show up出席；露面stay up不睡觉；熬夜take up (尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做think up想出turn up开大(声音)；出现use up用完；用光；耗尽wake up 醒来with短语agree with赞同；持相同意见begin with以开始connect with与相连 deal with处理；应付catch up with 赶上come up with提出；想出(主意、回答等)get along/on with sb.与某人相处go on with继续keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系keep up with与.并驾齐驱；跟上 习题及解析1We will never _ our dream until it comes true one day.A.give up B. give in C. give out D. give awayA【解析】句意：我们永远不会_ 我们的梦想直到它实现的那一天。give up放弃；give in屈服；give out分发；give away捐赠，根据句意放弃梦想，故选A。2Hurry up! Im afraid we will miss the plane.Dont worry! The plane will not_until 12 oclock.A.take after B. take away C. take off D. take outC【解析】句意：“快点！我担心我们将错过飞机”“不要担心！飞机12点前不会 _。”take after（外貌或行为）像；take away拿走；take off起飞；take out取出。根据句意飞机应该是起飞，故选C。3Why does your room look so small?Because the bed _too much space.A. takes up B. takes down C. takes off D. takes awayA【解析】句意“为什么你的房间看起来这么小？”“因为床_太多的空间。”takes up占据；takes down记下；takes off脱掉，（飞机等）起飞；takes away带走，取走。根据语境可知，此处表示“床占据了太多空间，所以房间看上去很小”。故选A。4In order to save the energy, we should _ lights in time if we dont need them.A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn onC【解析】句意：为了节约能源，在我们不需要用灯时，应当及时把他们_。 turn up调大，通常指声音等；turn down调小；turn off关闭；turn on打开。根据句意可知，此处是指关掉灯。故选C。5Imvery surprised to_an old friend in Paris. We havent seen each other for years.A. come out B. come across C. come after D. come onB【解析】句意：我很惊讶在巴黎_一位老朋友。我们很多年都没见面了。come out出版；come across偶然遇见；come after跟随；come on加油。根据语境可知选B。6Its a good habit for us that we should never _ todays work till tomorrow.A. put on B. put offC. put up D. put downB【解析】句意：我们应该决不把今天的事情_到明天，这对我们来说是一个好习惯。 put on穿上； put off 推迟；put up张贴；put down记下，根据句意表示把今天的事情推迟到明天，故选B。7Thedoctors _ the little girl carefully. They advised her to take some medicine on time.A. looked into B. looked over C. looked for D. looked atB【解析】句意：医生们仔细地_ 小女孩。他们建议她按时吃药。looked into调查；looked over (仔细)检查；looked for 寻找；looked at看。结合句意可知此处是指医生仔细地检查了那个小女孩。故选B。8What do you usually do in the evening, Tom?I usually _ the newspapers to find something interesting.A.look through B. look outC. look around D. looked intoA【解析】句意“汤姆，你晚上通常做什么？”“我通常_报纸来找一些有趣的东西。” look through浏览；look out当心；look around向四周看；looked into调查。根据句意可知指“浏览”，故选A。9Mike and his parents will _for Shanghai to visit Disney Park tomorrow.A. put off B. take off C. get off D. set offD【解析】句意：迈克和他父母明天将_去上海参观迪斯尼乐园。put off推迟；take off脱下，（飞机）起飞；get off下车；set off动身（去）。根据句意可知，他们明天动身去上海参观，因此用set off。故选D。10This bus doesnt go to the train station. Im afraid youll have to _ at the library and take the A30.A. take off B.put off C. get off D.turn offC【解析】句意：这辆公交车不去火车站。我恐怕你不得不从图书馆_, 然后转乘A30。take off 脱下，（飞机）起飞；put off推迟；get off下车；turn off关闭。根据语境可知此处指的是下车，故选C。11What are you doing over there?Im _a photo of our family on the wall.A. looking up B. giving up C. making up D. putting upD【解析】句意:“你在那边做什么？”“我把一张我们的全家福_在墙上。”looking up向上看，查找；giving up放弃；making up组成，编造；putting up张贴。根据句意可知“put up”符合语境，指把照片往墙上贴。故选D。12People along the river didnt allow them to_ a factory there in order to protect the water.A. set up B. give up C. take up D. look upA【解析】句意：为了保护河水，沿河的人们不允许他们在_那一个工厂。set up建立，开业；give up放弃；take up从事；占据；look up查阅，向上看。set up a factory建立一个工厂。故选A。13Do you know who _ my dictionary? I cant find it.Sorry, I dont know, either. I wasout just now.A.got away B. took away C. ran away D. threw awayB【解析】句意：“你知道谁_我的字典吗？我找不到它了”“不好意思，我也不知道。我刚出去了”got away逃离;took away拿走；run away逃跑；threw away扔掉。根据句意可以是询问谁拿走了我的字典，故选B。14Could you tell me where the fitting room is? I need to_ this pair of pants.Sure. Over there.A.work on B. pass on C. depend on D. try onD【解析】句意：“你能告诉我试衣间在哪里吗？我需要_这条裤子。”“当然可以。在那边”work on从事；pass on传递；depend on依赖；try on试穿。根据句意寻找试衣间，表示要试穿这条裤子，故选D。15When will your new book_? I cant wait to read it.Next month.A.give out B. come out C. work out D. sell outB【解析】句意：“你的新书什么时候_？我迫不及待地想读它。”“下个月”give out 分发；come out 出版；work out 解决；sell out卖光。根据句意“我”想读你的书，可知询问的是新书什么时候出版，故选B。16It took them about five hours to _ the fire. Although the house was destroyed, nobody was hurt.A. put out B. carry out C. work out D. find outA【解析】句意：他们花费了大约5个小时才把火_。尽管房子被毁坏了，但没人受伤。put out扑灭，熄灭；carry out实施；work out算出，解决；find out查明。根据语境可知，此处指“花了将近5个小时才把火扑灭”，故选A。17The best way of _ the problem is by asking the teacher for help.A. beginning withB. dealing with C. connecting with D. agreeing withB【解析】句意：_这个问题最好的方法是寻求老师的帮助。beginning with以.开始；dealing with 处理；connecting with与.相连；agreeing with赞同。deal with the problem处理问题，故选B。18I promised her to _ her child during her business trip.A. agree with B. worry about C. look after D. laugh atC 【解析】句意：我承诺在她出差期间帮她_她的小孩。agree with同意；worry about担心；look after照顾，照料；laugh at嘲笑。分析语境可知，此处指照顾小孩。故选C。19I often_ the lessons with my good friends. It is easier for us to exchange some ideas with each other.A. look for B. break in 预计未来20年，全球人均供水量还将减少1/3。C. turn out 1、我们每天都要消耗食物和各种各样的生活用品，与此同时，也产生了许多垃圾。D. go over答：当地球运行到月球和太阳的中间，如果地球挡住了太阳射向月球的光，便发生月食。D【解析】句意：我经常和我的好朋友一起_功课。对我们来说，相互交流一下想法更容易了。look for寻找；break in打断；turn out证明是，结果是；go over复习。分析句意可知此处是复习功课。故选D。二、问答题：20Youd better not_late for your favorite TV plays. Enough sleep is necessary for your health.六年级下册科学复习资料A. take on 二、问答：B. stay up 答：无色无味，比空气重，不支持燃烧。C. put off 答：水分和氧气是使铁容易生锈的原因。14、在显微镜下观察物体有一定的要求。物体必须制成玻片标本，才能在显微镜下观察它的精细结构。D. turn downB【解析】句意：你最好不要为了你喜欢的电视剧_太晚。充足的睡眠对你的健康来说是必要的。take on呈现；stay up熬夜；put off推迟；turn down关掉,拒绝。根据语境可知建议不要熬夜太晚看电视剧。故选B。1、焚烧处理垃圾的优缺点是什么？