Spring事务配置的五种方式.doc

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Spring事务配置的五种方式  
Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成局部，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三局部，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这局部。

    DataSource、TransactionManager这两局部只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进展数据访问 时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为 HibernateTransactionManager。

    具体如下列图：

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=".springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi=".w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context=".springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop=".springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation=".springframework.org/schema/beans
.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/context
.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/aop .springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>

<!-- 定义事务管理器〔声明式的事务〕 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDaoTarget" class=".bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="userDao"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
<property name="proxyInterfaces" value=".bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=".springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi=".w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context=".springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop=".springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation=".springframework.org/schema/beans
.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/context
.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/aop .springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>

<!-- 定义事务管理器〔声明式的事务〕 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="transactionBase"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDaoTarget" class=".bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
</bean>
</beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=".springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi=".w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context=".springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop=".springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation=".springframework.org/schema/beans
.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/context
.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/aop .springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>

<!-- 定义事务管理器〔声明式的事务〕 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="transactionInterceptor"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<property name="beanNames">
<list>
<value>*Dao</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>transactionInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDao" class=".bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=".springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi=".w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context=".springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop=".springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx=".springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation=".springframework.org/schema/beans
.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/context
.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/aop .springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/tx .springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package=".bluesky" />

<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>

<!-- 定义事务管理器〔声明式的事务〕 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
expression="execution(* .bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
</aop:config>
</beans>

第五种方式：全注解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns=".springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi=".w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context=".springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop=".springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx=".springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation=".springframework.org/schema/beans
.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/context
.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/aop .springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
.springframework.org/schema/tx .springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package=".bluesky" />

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>

<!-- 定义事务管理器〔声明式的事务〕 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

</beans>

此时在DAO上需加上Transactional注解，如下：
package .dawnsky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import .bluesky.spring.domain.User;

Transactional
Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

public List<User> listUsers() {
return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
}
}

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