初中英语词汇词组辨析.doc

56.quite ,very 很，十分
1）quite a +形容词+名词“一个相当……的……” quite a clever boy 一个相当聪明的男孩
2）a very+形容词+名词“一个非常……的”a very clever boy 一个非常聪明的男孩
57.say， speak， talk， tell 说
1）say 后接说的内容，He says he likes English very much.
2）speak 后接语言，I can speak Japanese
3）talk “讨论，谈论”，可作动词也可作名词，talk about sth 谈论某件事，talk with /to sb 和某人谈话
4）tell ，“告诉，讲述”tell sb sth 告诉某人某件事，tell a story ，tell a lie 撒谎

58.since, for 用于完成时态
1）since 后接时间点. Lucy has lived there since 1955. Lucy 自从1955年以来一直住在这里。
接“时间段+ago” I have been teaching since 10 years ago. 我教英语有10年了
接“一般过去时态的句子” We have known each other since we were young.我们从小就认识。
2）for 后接时间段。We have studied for 9 years.我们学英语已经9年了。

59. so , such,如此，这样。 So /such ……that+否定句子=too……to+动词原形；so/such…+肯定句子=enough to+动词原形
1）so，修饰形容词或many，much，little，few
（so good a boy 如此好的一个男孩）（so much difficult 太多的困难）
He is so young that he can’t go to school=He is too young to go to school.他太小了，不能去上学。
He is so tall that he can reach it=He is tall enough to reach it
2）such ，修饰名词。She is such a careful girl.她是一个如此细心的女孩。

60. sometimes有时， sometime（过去或将来）的某个时候 ，
some times几次，几倍 ， some time一段时间

61.surprise, surprised , surprising; 奇异
1）surprise 动词，“使惊奇，使诧异”常搭配：in surprise “惊奇地，惊讶地”修饰动词
He looked at me in surprise.他惊讶的看着我。 To one’s surprise“使某人感到惊奇的是”
2）surprised 形容词，“感到惊奇的”修饰人。Be surprised at 对……感兴趣
3）surprising 形容词，“令人惊奇的”形容物

63. till ， until 到……的时候为止
1）till“到……时候为止”意为动作一直持续到……结束，肯定句中的谓语必须是延续性动词。I worked till late night. 我一直公共到深夜。
2）not…until“直到……才……”否定句中的谓语必须是终止性动词。
She didn't get up until her mother came in. 直到妈妈进来她才起床。
注意：till 和until 通常情况下可以互换，只是在句首时until 比till 更常用。

64. because ， because of
1）because +句子。He was late because it rained heavily.
2) because of +名词，代词或名词词组。He was late because of the heavy rain.

65. unless， if 都用于条件状语从句
1）unless 是“除非，如果不”，相当于=if not
2）if 是“如果，假如”的意思。If you don’t study hard ，you will fall behind.
=You will fall behind unless you study hard.如果你不努力学习，你就会落后的。
注意：if 还可以用于宾从，是“是否”的意思
I want to know if he will come here tomorrow.我想知道明天他是否会来这里。
65.when while “当……时候”
1）when 引导的从句谓语动词可以是延续性，也可以是短暂性的
We were talking when the teacher came in. 老师进来的时候我们正在讲话。
I was walking on the stress when it began to rain.我在街上散步的时候，突然下雨了。
2）while 引导的从句谓语动词必须是持续性的
I was reading while my brother was playing computer弟弟在玩电脑的时候我在看书。
While 还可以表示转折，“然而”。
I like pop music ，while my brother likes classic music.
67. whole , all 整个，所有，全部
1）冠词+whole +名词。The whole family 整个家庭
2）all+冠词+名词 all the students 全部的学生。

68. a number of ，the number of
1）a number of =many 非常多，大量的（后接可数名词）
There are a number of students in our school. 我们学校有很多学生。
1） the number of ……的数量（做主语时，谓语动词只能用单数）
The number of the students in our school is 5000.我校学生的人数是5000
69. at the end of ， by the end of ， in the end 。
1）at the end of ……在……之末（后接时间或地点）
2）by the end of ……到……末未止（后接时间，如果是过去的时间，用于过去完成时）
We had learned about 3000 words by the end of last term.到上个学期末未止，我们已经学习了大约3000个单词。
3） in the end =at last =finally最后，终于
70．Be famous for ，be famous as
1）be famous for 以……而著名。 China is famous for the Great Wall.
2) be famous as 作为……而有名 Li Yuhun is famous as a singer.李宇春作为一名歌手而有名。

71.be made of, be made from , be made in be made by
1)be made of 由…制成（看得出原材料）The bed is made of wood.
2）be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料） The wine is made from rice.
3) be made in 在……制成
4）be made by 是谁……制作的
72.be ill in bed， on the bed
1）be in bed 卧病在床（睡在床上） 2）on the bed在床上（不一定在睡觉）
73.in front ， in front of ， in the front of
1）in front在前面 He is in front.他在前面
2）in front of 在……前面（范围之外）
There are three trees in front of our classroom. 在我们教师前面有三棵树（教师外面）
2） in the front of 在……前部（范围之内）
There is a computer in the front of our classroom.在我们教师前面有一台电脑（教师里面）
74.go to bed, go to sleep , fall sleep
1)go to bed 上床，上床睡觉（强调上床的动作）
I usually go to bed at 10：00我经常十点上床睡觉
2）go to sleep 入睡，睡着（强调从醒到睡着的过程）
What time do the kids usually for to sleep？孩子们经常九点睡着？
3)fall sleep 入睡，（强调睡着了的状态）
He fell asleep sitting in his chair. 我坐在椅子上睡着了。
75.too much ，much too
1）too much 太多，接 不可数名词
2）much too 太，接形容词或副词