人教版英语八年级unit10知识点全解.doc

Unit10 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!
一 重点语法：
if条件句
1． if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，既可放在主句前面，也可放在主句后面。若if条件句放在句首，从句后面要加逗号与主句隔开。
e.g：I you go there，Im go，too．如果你去那儿,我也会去。
My mother will take me to the park if she is free. 如果我妈妈有空，她就会带我去公园。
2． 时态运用：口诀：主将/主情/主祈，从句一般用一般现在时表将来。
1） 主句是一般将来时，If he comes,he will bring his violin.如果他来，他就会带来他的小提琴。
2) 主句是含有情态动词may/might/can/must/should等的句子。
e.g. :If you want to lose weight,you must eat less bread.如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
3) 主句是祈使句。
eg: If you are not strong enough, please don’t take part in such an activity．
如果你不是很健壮，请不要参加这种活动。
3 句型转换：
(1) 借助“祈使句+and/or+句子（一般将来时：结构）”这一句型来转换。其中，在句意上and表示顺承； or表示转折，意为“否则”。
If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam easily.== Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam easily.努力学习，你将很容易通过考试。
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the train.
= Hurry up, or you will miss the train.
= You will miss the train unless you hurry up.
如果你不快点，你会错过火车。
(2) )借助without或with来转换条件状语从句。
If there is no water,fish will die. = Fish will die without water.如果没有水，鱼将会死。
If you help me,I’ll finish the work soon. = With your help，I’ll finish the work soon.如果你帮助我，我将很快完成工作。
二 知识点：
1.If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.
一般情况下，if引导的条件状语从句，如果主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时表将来。
Eg.We’ll go to the Great Wall, if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
如果主句含有must、may、can等情态动词，从句也用一般现在时
Eg. If you drive too fast, you may have an accident.
如果主句是祈使句，从句也用一般现在时
Don’t play games if you don’t finish your homework.
have a great time=have fun=enjoy oneself +doing sth.
2. I think I’ll wear jeans to the party
wear、put on、dress区别：wear指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴首饰等，强调状态；put on指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子，强调动作；dress作“穿着”讲时，只用于穿衣服，宾语常是人，常用于dress sb./oneself
eg.Sony wears glasses today.
Put on your coat, it's cold today.
Mum dresses her son every day.
3.I think I’ll take the bus to the party.
乘坐交通工具的表达方法：
(1)动词（walk、ride、drive、fly）+to+地点名词 I often ride to school
(2)go to ...by +交通 He goes to Beijing by bike every week.
特殊：go to… on foot 走路去… He goes to school on foot.
(3) take+限定词+交通工具
I’ll take the bus to the party. = I’ll go to the party by bus.
4. Half the class won’t come.
1 half adj./ pron./n.
half the students(adj.)=half of the students(pron.) 此结构作主语时，谓语动词和介词后的宾语在数上保持一致
Half of the hill is covered with snow. Half of them are here.
2 half n. 一半，复数halves cut the apple into halves.
3 表示某物的一半，用half a(an)+单数名词 half an apple 半个苹果。
4 词组 a half 一半，常用于“一个或几个半结构”，不可以单独使用。
one and a half apples.(adj.)=one apple and a half
5.What will Mark organize?
organize v.组织，筹备 organize the surprise party
organization n. 组织，机构 WTO 世界贸易组织=World Trade Organization
6.OK, when is a good time to have the party?
n/pron+to do, 动词不定式做后置定语
I have nothing (to say). I have a lot of work (to do).
7. For the party next week, should we ask people to bring food?
ask sb. to do sth. My mother asks me to study hard.
ask sb. not to do sth. I ask my brother not to do it.
8. No, let’s order food from a restaurant.
order v. 预定（饭菜衣物）I'd like to order a sandwich.
book v.预定（车，船，机票）I'd like to book a ticket for the movie.
9.For the games, do you think we should give people some small gifts if they win?
win 后接war、match、game等作宾语 He won a prize yesterday.
beat也有“打败、战胜”的意思 但其后接人作宾语 We can’t beat them.
10.I don’t know what to do about going to Mike’s birthday party tomorrow night.
特殊疑问词+动词不定式结构，特殊疑问词可以是连接代词what,which或连接副词when、where、how；特殊疑问词+动词不定式结构可转化成由该疑问词引导的宾语从句，改写时需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致），并将不定式改写成should+动词原形
Eg. I don’t know what to do.=I don’t know what I should do.
11. upset adj. 难过，失望，沮丧 I’m always upset when I lose something.
v. 使烦恼，使心烦意乱I always upset when I fail the exam.
Be upset with sb 对某人生气，感到不快。
12.Also, I’m not sure how to go to the party.
also连词,意为“另外、此外、并且”，常位于句首，承上启下、加强语气的作用
be sure (that)确定某事一定会…
I’m sure that he will make great progress this term.
13. advice n. 劝告，建议(不可数) two pieces of good advice
常用短语：ask for sb.’s advice 征求某人建议 give sb. advice 给某人建议
advise v. 劝告，建议
advise sb. (not) to do sth. My mother advised me not to stay at home all the time.
advise doing sth. I advise getting up early.
advise + that+从句 Teacher advises that we should join school activities.
14. travel around the world
travel n. 长途旅行 trip 短途旅行 tour 观光旅行 travel(l)er n.旅行者
around the world=all over the world全世界
15. make 短语：
make money make a noise吵闹 make a living谋生 make the bed
make friends make sure确保，弄清楚 make mistakes make up a story
16.keep ...to oneself = keep ...as a secret 保守秘密 If you promise to keep to yourself, I can tell you.
Don't keep it to yourself. 把……放在心里
17. have problems/ trouble/difficulty +with sth.
+(in) doing dth. 在（做）……方面有问题
Some old people have problems with the life in the city.
If you have problems in finding the way to the post office, please ask the police.
18. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse.
=If we don't talk to anyone, we'll certainly feel worse.
unless conj. 除非,如果不，引导条件状语从句，=if not ,用法与if一致。
Don't come unless I call you. =Don't come if I don't call you.
19. be afraid of sth. 害怕某事（习惯性）Annie is afraid of dogs.
be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事 （具体事件）Laura is afraid to tell the truth.
---Are you afraid?---I'm afraid so. 恐怕是。
---Can you help me?---I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行。
20. She just kept thinking.
keep v. 保留；保持，坚持
People should keep problems to themselves.
Don't keep your mum waiting.
keep +宾语+形容词 keep the room clean
keep +宾语+现在分词 Don’t keep your mother waiting.
keep +宾语+介词短语If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets.
keep the secret keep one’s promise keep the record keep on doing sth.
21. angry adj.
be angry with sb. 和某人生气
be angry at/about sth. 对某事生气
be angry with sb. for doing sth. 因某人（做了）某事而生气
She was angry with herself for making the mistake.
22. in the end=at last/ finally They finished the work in the end.
at the end of 在……尽头，末端，后可+时间或地点
The hotel is at the end of the road.那家宾馆在路的尽头。
We will finish the project at the end of this year. 今年年底我们将完成这个计划。
by the end of 到…末，后+时间。
By the end of next month，I will finish reading this book.到下个月末，我将读完这本书
23. mistake n. 错误make mistakes =make a mistake犯错，出错
by mistake 错误地，作状语（注意mistake后不加s）He put salt into her cup of tea by mistake.
mistake v. 过去式 mistook 弄错，误解
mistake...for... 错把…当作…I'm afraid you must mistake me for someone else.
24. care v. 关心，在意 careful adj. 细致，小心
carefully adv. 细心地 careless adj.粗心的，不小心的
25. share sth. (with sb.) 和某人分享某物
Let's share the last cake. May I share the umbrella with you?
26. run 相关短语：
run into 撞到，偶遇 run through穿过，流过 run after
run out of用尽、用完 run away from 逃避
27. experience n. 经历（可数）经验（不可数）
The man has some fantastic experiences.
The work requires a lot of experience.
28. halfway adj. 中途的，不彻底的 adv. 在途中，部分地做
be halfway to doing sth. 完成了或做了某事的一部分
We're still only halfway to finishing the job.我们仅仅才完成了工作的一部分。
I’ll meet you halfway between your house and mine.
29. sorry adj.
I'm sorry, I'm late. I'm sorry to hear that.
If you go there by bus, you'll be sorry. 后悔
30.They are too lazy to cook. (太…而不能)
They are free enough to cook. (足够…能)
They are so lazy that they can't cook. (如此…以至于)
31. If my family moves to a new apartment, I’ll invite you all over for a party.
move vi. 迁徙；搬家 move to +地点 move to a new house
move vt. 移动，搬动move the desk
32. say sorry to sb. say hello to sb. sb. say goodbye to sb. say no to sb. say thank you to sb.